May We have this? Wanted to ask first I got LOTS of photos. Thanks!

SAEAC 45th meeting

...The Saskatoon SuperDARN group continues research with HF radars as the main instrument. In terms of scientific personal, Dr. M. Watanabe became an Associate Professor in the Department of Earth and Planetary Science at Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan, starting from April 2010. Two MSc students (X. Yan and H. Liu) graduated and moved for PhD studies elsewhere. The SuperDARN network experiences currently fast expansion with two new radars started operation in the southern hemisphere (Falkland Islands and McMurdo) and two new radars in the northern hemisphere (Fort Hayes, Kansas, East and West). The Saskatoon team has identified a place for a new PolarDARN radar (funded through the Resolute Bay incoherent scatter radar CFI grant), Clyde River. The group is actively involved in CaNoRock project. Future is discussed with respect to the Canadian Balloon Research facility that is planned to be built in Saskatoon area as a joint venture of the CSA and U of Saskatchewan...

-Atmosphere Science sub-committee

...Model: MOPITT is developing the 'MOPITT on the Sphere' as a visualization tool.
The committee finds it very positive and recommend to the CSA to look into ways to bring this experience to the other missions. A suggestions made was for the CSA to look into the possibility to enhance each mission contract to support the team to put the data in a format that can be used for initiatives like Google Earth or the 'Earth in a Sphere'.
ACTION: for the CSA to set up a demonstration product for sometime in the fall 2010 where the scientific community can be inspired and devise ways to effective use this same approach for outreach on other missions datasets.
Discussion on enhance missions data exploitation For example, OSIRIS data now has a great potential to be used to generate Essential Climate Variables (ozone and sulphuric aerosols for example)...

http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/sciences/committees-saeac-100427.asp

***lots of info in link...

...

Nowcasting, forecasting, and warning for ionspheric propagation: supporting  databases

http://www.annalsofgeophysics.eu/index.php/annals/article/viewFile/3280/3326
...

'The Big Book of SuperDarn' 

http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05052010-143335/unrestricted/Sterne_KT_T_2010.pdf

!

...

Ionospheric signatures of 'global change'
-EISCAT-

http://www.eiscat.se/groups/EISCAT_3D_info/D10.6_How_EISCAT_3D_can_contribute_to_studies_on_Global_Change.pdf

...
'The NERC side'
(National Environment Research Council)

International Experimental Facilities

UK-
 -SAMNET
 Operates 5 stations in the UK, the Faroe Islands, Iceland and Russia, each equipped with fluxgate magnetometers recording variations in the Earth’s magnetic field.
 -SUPERDARN
Operates three upper atmospheric radars at facilities in the Falkland Islands, Finland and Iceland, as part of the International Super Dual Auroral Radar Network
 -CUTLASS
  A twin-station HF radar facility located in Iceland and Finland that is part of SuperDARN UK.
 -EISCAT 
  Operates three incoherent scatter radar systems, an Ionospheric Heating facility and a Dynasonde in Northern Scandinavia.

http://www.arctic.ac.uk/facilities/experimental/index.php

...
       
Ionospheric Research in the ISARS/NOA: Current activities and future perspectives.

...Intensification of international co-operation in data collection will allow the development of new improved procedures. The new trends in ionospheric research force towards the creation of dense network of ground and space ionospheric stations capable to nowcast the ionospheric variability over large areas of the earth. The National Observatory of Athens with the operation of the Digisonde Portable Sounder participates in this international effort aiming the contribution to real-time mapping of ionospheric variability over Europe and covers in a regular basis a large area of eastern Mediterranean...

...One of the main goals of the international ionospheric research community for the near future, is the operation of ionospheric network for the instantaneous mapping of ionospheric disturbances. A major requirement for the operation of such a network is that all ionospheric stations satisfy the criterion of Internet connectivity. The ionospheric station that was newly installed and operated by the National Observatory of Athens, meets this specification. This fact gives the possibility to our team to be involved in the international effort for nowcast and forecast space weather effects in the upper atmosphere, with the participation to international networks, in collaboration with the most well known universities and research institutes worldwide...

-The future activities of our group will be focused on three major areas of interest:   
 Improvement of the infrastructure: 

Our aim is to establish a state of the art ionospheric center in order to provide high quality services in the areas of earth-satellite communications, HF communications and Remote mapping and surveillance. This fully equipped ionospheric observatory will be instrumented of a) the digisonde already operated, with the addition of an oblique transmit antenna b) an incoherent scatter radar facility to obtain regularly ion composition profiles and c) a magnetometer to monitor the local geomagnetic field...
   
 Regular nowcast services:
 Our aim is to upgrade our experimental server to an operational server to provide a) real-time ionospheric conditions over Europe to support HF communications b) real-time estimate of the reference level of the ionosphere and near real time ionospheric indices to characterize the ionospheric activity worldwide, to provide information on space weather effect on the upper atmosphere for supporting earth-satellite communications c) real time information on the ionospheric composition changes, to support remote mapping and surveillance.
   
  Forecasting services:
 Contribution to the international effort aiming to achieve a basic understanding of physical phenomena and processes that governs the solar wind – magnetosphere – ionosphere – thermosphere coupling so that physical models of the near-Earth system can be developed.

***Locations***

 -Greece
The only institution that operates regularly an ionospheric station for operational and scientific use, is the National Observatory of Athens.

 -Europe 
Five major facilities operate to support ionospheric observations.
   
The Ionospheric Group-
 in Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Engineering Research Council, UK, who operates three ionosondes in UK and one in the Falkland Islands.
   
The National Institute of Geophysics-
 in Rome, who operates two ionospheric stations in Italy and one in Antarctica.
   
The Swedish Institute of Space Physics- who operates an ionospheric station and one Incoherent Scatter Radar.

 (Italy)   
The International Center for Theoretical Physics in Triestewho have created the ionospheric data bank of COST 251 Action
   
The DLR Neustrelititz Remote Sensing Ground Station-
 who provides ionospheric maps and GPS satellite and receiver biases.

http://www.iono.noa.gr/Publications/evaluation_report.htm

X37b

The Weaponization of Space: US to Launch Secret 'Space Warplane'


Global Research, April 20, 2010
Press TV - 2010-04-19





The United States Air Force has announced that it will launch a secret space plane that has sparked speculation about the militarization of space. 

The Pentagon has set April 21 as the date for the launch of the robotic space plane known as the X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle (OTV), which is a reusable unmanned plane capable of long outer space missions at low orbits. 

Since the nature of the project is shrouded in mystery, defense analysts allege that the US military is building the first generation of US 'space Predator drones' that will build up the United States' space armada, the Christian Science Monitor wrote in a recent article. 

Military experts argue that the US Department of Defense would not have saved NASA's costly X-37B project, which had been scrapped, if it did not have a military application. 

They say the US wants to maintain a leading role in space via the development of the new 'space weapon' at a time when other countries like China are expanding their space programs. 

However, US military officials maintain that the X-37B will only be used for transporting payloads and facilitating space experiments. 

The OTV is capable of supporting a range of tests, the Air Force spokesperson for the project said earlier at the 26th National Space Symposium. 

"The first mission will emphasize proving technologies necessary for long duration reusable space vehicles with autonomous reentry and landing capabilities," Angie Blair added. 

She went on to say that the "specific details of the OTV capabilities, limitations and vulnerabilities" remain classified. 

The X-37B can stay at an orbit between 200 and 800 kilometers for around 270 days before landing automatically at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, reports say. 

The location of the mission control center for the Boeing-made space vehicle is also a classified secret, but Blair says that Air Force Space Command's 3rd Space Experimentation Squadron (AFSPC) will run the operation. 

Military space specialist Professor Roger Handberg, who is the chair of the Department of Political Science at the University of Central Florida in Orlando, told Space.com that the X-37B project may signify continued U.S. Air Force interest in a rapid response vehicle along the lines of the long-proposed space maneuver vehicle. 

He added that the project could be viewed "as the logical extension of the push into unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) where vehicles used for observation have moved into weapon carriers and various other missions, many classified." 

"From the perspective of international observers, especially in space-aspiring states such as China, the X-37B program just reinforces their view that the U.S. is pushing to gain first mover advantage in rapid response, including possible weaponization of space using this vehicle or a derivative," Handberg noted. 

Political analysts say that the X-37B project could be interpreted as a violation of the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 if the space plane is used for military purposes. 

The Outer Space Treaty of 1967, officially known as the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, states that the exploration and use of outer space shall be carried out for the benefit and in the interests of all countries and shall be the province of all mankind; states shall not place nuclear weapons or other weapons of mass destruction in orbit or on celestial bodies or station them in outer space in any other manner; the Moon and other celestial bodies shall be used exclusively for peaceful purposes; astronauts shall be regarded as the envoys of mankind; states shall be liable for damage caused by their space objects; and states shall avoid harmful contamination of space and celestial bodies. 

Article IX of the Outer Space Treaty states: "A State Party to the Treaty which has reason to believe that an activity or experiment planned by another State Party in outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, would cause potentially harmful interference with activities in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, may request consultation concerning the activity or experiment." 

In addition, a proposal has been put forward for a Space Preservation Treaty that would ban all space weapons, but no country has signed the treaty so far.

...

http://www.foxnews.com/scitech/2010/04/22/air-forces-x-b-space-plane-takes-mystery-mission/?test=faces


ARTICLECOMMENTS (20)Updated April 22, 2010
Air Force's X-37B Space Plane Takes Off For Mystery Mission
By Tariq Malik  - Space.com

The United States Air Force's novel robotic X-37B space plane is tucked inside the bulbous nose cone of an unmanned rocket that blasted off Thursday from Florida on a mission shrouded in secrecy. 

    
NASA

April 22, 2010: U.S. Air Force's novel robotic X-37B space plane launches atop an Atlas 5 rocket from a seaside pad at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

The United States Air Force's secretive X-37B robotic space plane blasted off from Florida late Thursday on a mystery mission shrouded in secrecy for the U.S. military.

The unmanned military Orbital Test Vehicle 1 (OTV-1) – also known as the X-37B – lifted off at 7:52 p.m. EDT (2352 GMT) atop an Atlas 5 rocket on a mission that is expected to take months testing new spacecraft technologies.

The X-37B is a reusable robotic space plane built by Boeing Phantom Works. Its mission is being carried out under the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office with participation by NASA.

Key objectives of the space plane's first flight include demonstration and validation of guidance, navigation and control systems – including a "do-it-itself" autonomous re-entry and landing at California's Vandenberg Air Force Base with neighboring Edwards Air Force Base as a backup.

The X-37B is the first vehicle since NASA's space shuttles with the ability to return experiments to Earth for further inspection and analysis, Air Force officials said. [X-37B spacecraft photos.]



The U.S. Air Force's X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle is shown inside its payload fairing during encapsulation at the Astrotech facility in Titusville, Fla., ahead of a planned April 2010 launch from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.
 
The U.S. Air Force is on the verge of launching the new robotic X-37B space plane -- on a space mission that's still cloaked in secrecy.

"This is a new way for the Air Force to conduct on-orbit experiments," explained Gary Payton, Air Force deputy under secretary for space programs, during a Tuesday press teleconference.

The designed maximum on-orbit duration for the X-37B is 270 days, Payton said. "In all honesty, we don't know when it's coming back for sure. It depends on the progress that we make with the on-orbit demonstrations," he added.

Thursday's launch capped a long road to orbit for the X-37B spacecraft. NASA initially began the project in 1999 and later transferred it to the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) in 2004 due to a lack of funding. The Air Force stepped in 2006 to take over the project.

Tight-lipped affair

Circling the Earth, the X-37B space plane has a full agenda of shaking out new technologies, including advanced guidance, navigation and control. Once the vehicle's payload bay doors open to space, power is provided by a deployable array of gallium arsenide solar cells coupled with lithium-ion batteries.

But after that action item is checked off, what else the X-37B will do becomes a tight-lipped affair.

"Actual on-orbit activities we do classify...for the experimental payloads that are on-orbit with the X-37," Payton said. There's enough payload room, he added as example, to house a couple of small satellites in the range of a few hundred kilograms each.

Given the X-37B's secretive duties, some analysts contend that the mission is provocative, perhaps fanning the flames for war in space.

"Truthfully, I don't know how this could be called 'weaponization' of space," Payton said. "Fundamentally, it's an updated version of the space shuttle kind of activities in space," he added, a new vehicle that could potentially help the Air Force do its space missions better.

Perhaps a key show and tell feature of the X-37B is its self-guided entry and landing in California. In the event the vehicle strays off course as it swoops down over the Pacific Ocean, the space plane is outfitted with a destruct mechanism.

The X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle 1 was built by Boeing in Seal Beach, Calif. It is about 29 feet (9 meters) long and has a wingspan of just over 14 feet (4 meters) across. It stands just over 9 1/2 feet (3 meters) tall and weighs nearly 11,000 pounds (about 5,000 kg).

This SPACE.com X-37B graphic illustrates some details of the space plane and its relative size.

The Air Force has already ordered a second X-37B, presumably the Orbital Test Vehicle 2, which is slated to launch in 2011. But that mission, and any new flights of this first vehicle, hinge on the performance during orbital and landing maneuvers, Air Force officials have said.

Tale of the V-tail

The X-37B carries two short vertical stabilizers in the back rather than one vertical as seen on the shuttle orbiter.

There were several reasons for the V-tail 'ruddervators'...a high-tech wordsmithing of rudder and elevator, explained Angie Blair, an Air Force spokeswoman for the project. For one, the short V-tails provide better packaging within the 5 meter in diameter Atlas 5 fairing than a single, taller vertical stabilizer, she said.

Secondly, the more forward wing location of the X-37B enables the V-tails to be very effective in the high angle of attack, hypersonic portion of the entry trajectory. That reduces the amount of reaction control system propellant needed for trim and control of the craft, Blair said.

As the craft draws a bead on its landing locale, a speed brake will be employed.

"A split ruddervators/speed brake like the space shuttle is not feasible in a small vehicle like the OTV," Blair noted. Aerodynamic testing and other studies, she said, led to the vehicle's upper center line speed brake and V-tail ruddervators as the best performing system solutions for the X-37B.

Readiness for re-flight

En route to the runway, new thermal protection systems will be evaluated. So too will be avionics, high temperature structures and seals, conformal reusable insulation, as well as lightweight electromechanical flight systems.

Even after touching down, the X-37B is to yield insight into fast turnaround, operations and maintenance. The craft does carry some vehicle health monitoring subsystems to speed its readiness for re-flight, Payton told SPACE.com.

"If these technologies on the vehicle prove to be as good as we currently estimate, it will make our access to space more responsive, perhaps cheaper, and push us in the vector of being able to react to warfighter needs more quickly," Payton concluded.
 
...

 

Will new space warplane lead to militarization of space?

http://www.greenchange.org/article.php?id=5763
...
"Space has been militarized since before NASA was even created," said Joan Johnson-Freese, a space policy analyst at the Naval War College in Newport, RI. Yet she sees weaponization as a different issue from militarization because "so much space technology is dual use" in terms of having both civilian and military purposes, as well as offensive or defensive use.

The U.S. military could even be using the cloak of mystery to deliberately bamboozle and confuse rival militaries, according to John Pike, a military and security analyst who runs GlobalSecurity.org. He suggested that the X-37B and HTV-2 projects could represent the tip of a space weapons program hidden within the Pentagon's secret "black budget," or they might be nothing more than smoke and mirrors.

"The whole issue is further complicated because beyond technologies like lasers, Rods from God, explosives, etc.... virtually any object traveling in space can be a weapon if it can be maneuvered to run into another object," Johnson-Freese told SPACE.com.

Of course, the U.S. military could theoretically make good use of either the X-47B or HTV-2. An operational space plane could launch quickly as a replacement for recon satellites disabled in the opening salvoes of a conflict, and could "play hide and seek" to avoid being shot down easily. Similarly, a hypersonic aircraft or weapon might allow the U.S. to eliminate threats early on without warning.

The double-edged nature of space technologies has also complicated international efforts to ban entire classes of technologies which might serve as space weapons. Instead, there has been interest in "more modest proposals that focus on behavior, rather than what you are allowed to build or test," said Karl Mueller, a political scientist at the RAND Corporation.

http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/space-war-weapons-heats-up-100505.html
...
In U.S. military tracking parlance, when the space plane reached orbit it became identified as Catalog Number 36514, 2010-015A, OTV-1 (USA 212). [Video: X-37B space plane spotted.]

A second X-37B is now being fabricated for a test mission scheduled for 2011.

X-37B is being operated under the direction of Air Force Space Command's 3rd Space Experimentation Squadron, a space control unit located at Schriever Air Force Base in Colorado.

If the incoming space plane strays off its auto-pilot trajectory over the Pacific Ocean, the craft is outfitted with a destruct mechanism.

http://ww.space.com/news/secret-x-37-b-space-plane-spotted-by-amateur-astronomers-100522.html
...
Others have pictured it too. The sightings show that the spaceplane only flies as far north as 40 degrees latitude. And now that the cat is out of the bag, you can get predictions for viewing X-37B yourself at Heavens Above.

http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/Cool-Astronomy/2010/0526/Amateur-astronomers-track-the-US-Air-Force-s-top-secret-X-37B-space-plane
...
But I have concluded that it is based on a few people making a lot of money and gaining power. It is about ego. It is not about our essence and who we really are on this planet and loving each other and being at peace and cooperating. It isn't about using technology to solve problems and heal people in the planet. It isn't about that. It is about a few people who really are playing an old, dangerous, costly game for their own pocketbooks and power struggle. That is all it is.

I believe that this entire space-based weapons game is initiated right here in the United States of America. What I hope is that with this information that is being disclosed, the new administration will to do what is right. That is to transform the war game into a space game so that we use the technologies that are available not just as spin-offs of war technology, but as direct technological applications to build a cooperative space system that will benefit the entire world and that will allow us to communicate with the extraterrestrial cultures that are obviously out there.

Who would benefit from these space-based weapons? They are the people who work in that arena, people in the military, in industries, in universities and labs, in the intelligence community. This is not just in the United States but it is worldwide. This is a worldwide cooperative system. Wars are cooperative. Just as peace will be when it breaks out. But right now there are a lot of people benefiting.

http://www.rense.com/general50/ec.htm
...

http://www.davidicke.com/forum/showthread.php?t=131123

there was a thread at ATS About ppf being down but can't seem to find it now, Also I didn't hear all of AJ's Sunday show but I didn't hear anything about ppf from him either.hear something soon I'm sure.

 

(I knew I missed something, please put in proper place)

1.1

ALL THINGS ARE CONNECTED

Rosalie Bertell's new book, "Planet Earth the Latest weapon of War", reveals the unbelievable truth in the new generation of super-weapons.

----- She exposes how the military have, for decades, been secretly conducting experiments, including high-level nuclear explosions, which may disrupt the vital layers of the atmosphere which protect us from the sun's lethal radiation. She says these experiments are often conducted without even discussing with non-military experts the hazards of damaging these life-preserving earth-veils. And she believes that such experiments may already have accelerated global warming and contributed to earthquakes and freak weather conditions.

----- For example, in 1977 a freak storm which devastated a small town in Wisconsin and destroyed 350 hectares of forest, followed hot on the heels of a government ELF wave experiment. While The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist reported that an ELF wave transmitter lay right in the middle of another storm which brought down 150 - 200 times more rain than normal. These links are more than purely circumstantial, for she says that weather modification is on the US air force agenda, and in 1992 the Russians told the Wall Street Journal they could already achieve it. And the Wisconsin storm offers what looks very much like direct evidence.

----- Equally, a Soviet experiment with the ionosphere directly preceded an earthquake in China which killed 650,000 people. While in America ELF - type waves were detected immediately before a San Francisco earthquake in 1989, and unnatural and unexplained low frequency waves were detected before earthquakes in Japan and California in 1989, and before an earthquake in Los Angeles in 1994. We can only wonder whether such ELF waves preceded the recent earthquakes in El Salvador and India this year, and whether the carnage has been caused by 'security experiments' by one of the 'great powers'. 

----- However, even if no such disasters can be laid at the door of the world's military, weapons which interfere with the atmosphere violate the 1976 Environment Modification Convention. Yet, she tells us that in January 1991, despite America having signed that convention, the White House waived the requirement for actions by the Pentagon to be assessed for environmental impact. However, America and Russia are not alone in possessing such weapons. Her revelations of 30 years of military innovations show that Britain, Germany and NATO have all been involved in military developments which show a cavalier disregard for life on earth. 

----- A long-standing opponent of nuclear weapons, she sees today's military research as a 'cancer of the body politic' consuming human, financial, and natural resources which are desperately needed elsewhere. 'I would liken society's dependence on the military to a family in which one partner is addicted to something and claims a large proportion of money for feeding the addiction'. As she points out, the billions annexed by defence projects create the very deprivation which eventually fosters war. Moreover, she says military research sequesters many top scientists, 'This "brain drain" from the civilian economy may be depriving us of those who could resolve the most serious survival problems now facing the biosphere'. 


http://www.bariumblues.com/bertell_reveals_many_new_weapons.htm

...

What ongoing effects are we experiencing from the nuclear explosions in the Van Allen Radiation Belts? ?

How long are these effects likely to last?

The initial effect was to enhance the inner belts and cause the Global Cooling of the 60's and 70's. Those artificial belts are long gone but will the Global warming resulting from the destruction of the real Belts continue?

The literature suggests that it will take some centuries for the belts to re-establish so whatever the effects are we are stuck with them.

The cooling reported around the 60’s and 70’s was generally reported to have begun in 1945 at the time of The Japanese bombs, still the major cooling was around the time of the “enhancement” of the Belts. Warming naturally quickly took up the slack after that, it is concievable that the changes in the belts are involved with global warming. If so it would likely be a rather deliberate move so I hope not.

http://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081107193634AAS0Psh

...

These long standing weather blocking systems are the direct product of giant standing ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) waves that are created by Russian and U.S. global weather engineering that began in 1976 and greatly expanded in the 1980's.

"All are part of a global pattern of sharper climatic swings over about the last decade say climatologists. Around the world, the 1980's and early 1990's were remarkable for the frequency and intensity of extremes of weather and climate," (5/24/94 NEW YORK TIMES).

Insurance statistics demonstrate the devastation created by the combined effects of Soviet and U.S. Weather engineering: There were only 8 catastrophic windstorms worldwide in the 1960's. By the 1980's, that figure had climbed to 29.

Starting in the late 1960's, U.S. and Soviet scientists began a series of joint efforts to warm up the Arctic (documented in Lowell Ponte's 1976 book, THE COOLING). At the 1974 Vladivostok Summit, U.S. and Soviet leaders concluded a secret agreement designed to promote global warming. On July 4, 1976, the Soviet Woodpecker ELF system began weather engineering operations. By the late 1970's, the United States joined in by transmitting its own weather modifying ELF signals.

To improve joint electromagnetic weather control actions, the U.S. has just brought a number of Russian scientists to work at the top secret Lawrence Livermore high tech weapons laboratory. The real purpose of this new joint Russian / U.S. project is being kept secret from the American people. It is officially disguised as "environmental cleanup research."

The plan to use Russian technology was described in the 4/8/93 JOURNAL OF COMMERCE & COMMERCIAL BULLETIN: "During the Cold War, in a research laboratory in the closed city of Gorky, Russian military scientists developed the 'Gyrotron' - a high energy microwave generator designed to sweep the sky of Western warplanes." (This description is identical to some functions of Soviet Tesla scalar weapons.)

"A technique to clean up the atmosphere could offer just such an opportunity. The proposal comes from Soliton Co. Ltd, a Russian Corporation formed to convert and commercialize Soviet science and defense technology."

(The name of that Russian corporation offers a key clue as to the real nature of the proposed project. Soliton's are a concept in physics for fields that demonstrate prolonged existence - THE GIANT STANDING WAVES that are created by the Russian Tesla Magnifying Transmitters.)

"Some of the Russian science the Soliton Company has to offer is very much the state of the art. ...Andrei Tulupov, a Russian weapons researcher and a Soliton Company official, recently spent a week briefing Livermore scientists on a number of possible research projects, including USING MICROWAVE RADIATION TO ELIMINATE CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS (CFC's), an artificial chemical suspected of damaging the earth's protective layer. In developing their high-powered microwave equipment, the Russian scientists discovered the beams destroyed chlorofluorocarbon molecules."

Thus, the NSA award to the Livermore Lab (when seen together with Livermore's dealing with the Russian Soliton Co.) provides even more evidence that the U.S. and Russian governments are engaged in creating state of the art improvements on their secret joint global weather modification systems.

Because the patent clearly states that weather control can be achieved by utilizing an ionosphere heating ELF system, details on the earlier pre HAARP ionosphere heating ELF systems reveal a NEW WORLD ORDER GLOBAL NETWORK OF SECRET WEATHER MODIFICATION TRANSMITTERS.

The most powerful ionosphere heating ELF facilities (until HAARP is completed) were constructed by the Soviet Union at sites in Sura, Gorkiy, Monchegorsk, and Dushanbe (Tadzhikistan). Western ionosphere heater ELF transmitters are located at Tromso, Norway; Arecibo, Puerto Rico; near Fairbanks, Alaska; and at Platteville, Colorado (which is now allegedly "closed").

These systems, together with the Russian Woodpecker Tesla Magnifying Transmitters, have created a severe alteration of global weather patterns - beginning in 1976, but intensifying throughout the 1980's and 1990's, as more ELF transmitter stations were constructed.

(Note: This official 1992 spec sheet admits that the system has been successfully used at many locations East and West. The 1987 Eastlund patent, issued by the U.S. Patent Office, clearly says that a similar system can modify weather and alter the jet stream. Thus, FOR THE FIRST TIME, OPEN U.S. GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS CONFIRM THE EXISTENCE OF A NETWORK OF RUSSIAN & U.S. ELF WEATHER ENGINEERING SYSTEMS.)

In addition to the previously mentioned network of ionosphere heating ELF weather engineering transmitters, the U.S. Government has also been running other secret ionosphere zapping generators inside America. A pre HAARP system called the Ionospheric Research Instrument (IRI) was set up at Mineral Wells, Texas. At Stanford, California, Stanford Research Institute is now running ionospheric modification programs. The official HAARP specification sheet also reports that the U.S. is running a "Brazilian Ionospheric Modification" transmitter.

Other pre HAARP work has taken place at Poker Flat, Alaksa. The ionospheric heater ELF transmitter at Arecibo, Puerto Rico, has been concealed as part of a giant radio telescope project at the same location. That ELF facility was apparently opened by the U.S. as part of the 1974 Vladivostok joint Soviet - U.S. weather engineering agreement. The Puerto Rico transmitter was turned on about three years after the start of the Soviet Woodpecker system.

The late geomagnetic researcher Lloyd Zirbes strongly opposed the technology utilized in the HAARP system. He wrote: "Disruption of earth's magnetic field will complete damages to the planet's balance done by government nuclear bomb blasts in the natural radiation belts above the ionosphere. EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD KEEPS THE PLANET IN BALANCE WITH THE MOON AND SUN" (T. E. Bearden says the same thing—page . "Disrupting the field will be the last straw in sending earth into the sun or out into space."

"...Ionospheric warming (such as created by the HAARP transmitters) can't fail to effect the land mass below. Total result will force POLAR ICE-CAPS TO START MELTING," - a goal which U.S. and Soviet scientists have been jointly and secretly working towards since the late 1960's.

In January, 1978, Dr. Andrija Puharich, M.D., LL.D. issued a detailed research paper titled, "GLOBAL MAGNETIC WARFARE - A Layman's View of Certain Artificially Induced Unusual Effects On The Planet Earth during 1976 and 1977."

Describing early Soviet work with Tesla's method of "controlled earthquakes," he stated: "Of the many great earthquakes of 1976, there is one that demands special attention—the July 28 1976 Tangshan, China earthquake."

Puharich's analysis is significant because it describes airglow plasma effects created by the Soviet Woodpecker system. Ionosphere heating ELF systems, like HAARP, can generate similar effects.

As part of the secret 1974 Vladivostok U.S. - Soviet artificial global warming agreement, the U.S. began 30 hertz ELF transmissions from a site in the Pacific Northwest in Washington. Coincidentally with the increase in Soviet and U.S. ELF transmissions during 1980, was a sharp increase in earthquakes around the world. The 1/30/81 WASHINGTON POST reported: "The world sustained 71 significant earthquakes during 1980, up from 56 the previous year, and the world death toll climbed to 7,140, five times the 1979 figure, the U.S. Geological Survey said."

The incidence of ELF signals associated with earthquakes are continuing. The 3/29/92 WASHINGTON TIMES reported: "Satellites and ground sensors detected mysterious radio waves or related electrical and magnetic activity before major earthquakes in Southern California during 1986-87, Armenia in 1988, and Japan and Northern California in 1989." An Athens University physicist observed electromagnetic signals in six out of seven...quakes in Greece over several years.

The disruption of the earth's internal dynamo, and the disruption and alteration of the upper atmospheric magnetic belts (which constitute the external part of the earth's natural dynamo system), can create a premature reversal of the magnetic poles, worsen the newly discovered wobble of the earth's spin and possibly create a total polar reversal or earth shift. "During at least one reversal, magnetic north may have changed direction by as much as 4 to 8 degrees in a single day," (5/92 DISCOVERY MAGAZINE).

http://www.itwillpass.com/nwo_weather_altering.shtml

http://www.itwillpass.com/nwo_weather_altering_2.shtml

...

Obama Boosts Nukes
 February 11, 2010

On February 1, the Obama administration delivered a budget request calling for a full 10 percent increase in nuclear weapons spending next year, to be followed by further increases in subsequent years.    

Also, key politicians of both parties have pork-barrel interests in the nuclear weapons complex, interests not confined by the boundaries of their districts and states. In today's Congress, money and influence flow freely across these lines. The contracts at stake are big by any standard. Nuclear weapons complex contractors are among the nation's largest recipients of contract dollars. So far in FY 2010, seven of the top 10 U.S. contractors are nuclear weapons site management contractors or partners.  

http://www.fpif.org/articles/obama_boosts_nukes

...

Barack Obama sends nuclear experts to tackle BP's Gulf of Mexico oil leak

The US has sent a team of nuclear physicists to help BP plug the "catastrophic" flow of oil into the Gulf of Mexico from its leaking Deepwater Horizon well, as the Obama administration becomes frustrated with the oil giant's inability to control the situation.

The five-man team – which includes a man who helped develop the first hydrogen bomb in the 1950s – is the brainchild of Steven Chu, President Obama's Energy Secretary.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/energy/oilandgas/7726142/Barack-Obama-sends-nuclear-experts-to-tackle-BPs-Gulf-of-Mexico-oil-leak.html

...


This may get deep bare with me ... It is essential to understand ...

A notion foreign to conventional physicists

It should also be clarified that electromagnetic waves are “carried” by the ether. Without ether there would be nothing for the wave to transport through when traversing the vacuum of space.

***I will get back to ether... 


The implications of successful engineering of the longitudinal waves are enormous, and will change the world as we know it, one way or another. Among other things, these discoveries mean that: 

1. The solutions to the energy crisis and the "oil problem" are in hand. These oil wars are unnecessary. There is endless energy available freely from the domain of time.

2. Unbelievably powerful weapons are not only possible, but are already operating in several nations. The many powers of these weapons are unprecedented and mind-boggling. 

3. The cure of diseases such as cancer and AIDS, in fact nearly any disease, has become possible within a few years of sufficient funding. Everyone can be made healthy and stay healthy.

4. Mind control on a mass scale has now become possible, and the machines to do it are already in place in certain nations. It has become possible to mentally enslave whole populations with the twist of a few dials.
So the layman will need to understand that there is a new kind of electromagnetic energy that is altogether different from what he knows, e.g. radio, TV, cell phones, etc. The ordinary EM waves that we have known about are called transverse EM waves, to distinguish them from the new longitudinal EM waves. These scalar waves do not actually exist in our "material" world, but exist only in the vacuum of empty space, or the time domain. And we must keep in mind that this vacuum of space we speak of exists all through everything. Even our bodies are mostly empty space between atoms and molecules. So the gateway to this seething ocean of energy can be there at every point in the universe. This seething ocean of energy is all around us and all through us.

How to Make Weather

"Engineering the weather is duck soup; they tested that over the U.S. in 1967, and entered upon continuing operations over North America on July 4, 1976 as a grim kind of KGB "Bicentennial Gift" to the United States. http://www.prahlad.org/pub/bearden/scalar_wars.htm

How to Make an Earthquake

"Here's how you initiate a very large earthquake with such weapons. Take a convenient fault zone of set of them. Focus the interferometry on the fault zone, in the "diverging" mode, and deposit EM energy there in the rocks on both sides, increasing (slowly) the stress in the rocks by the reverse piezoelectric effect (deposit excess energy, get crystal mechanical movements).
http://www.prahlad.org/pub/bearden/scalar_wars.htm

The Dark Side of the Force: 
How to "Broadcast" Diseases
Longitudinal EM Biowars

Bearden explains how the new quantum potential weapons can be used to induce disease-at-a-distance in a population, or to "spread" the immune system so thin that a conventional bio-attack would be greatly potentiated. By "broadcasting" virtual disease patterns over a population, the immune system is so overloaded by the presence of the "shadow" diseases that its effectiveness is thinned out.
http://www.prahlad.org/pub/bearden/scalar_wars.htm

The good news!

"Any sort of disease whatsoever - physical or mental - will be rapidly curable, simply and cheaply. It will be possible to reverse aging and rejuvenate the person. It will be possible to regrow limbs and straighten misshapen spines - and directly remove the causes of mental diseases and cure them as well. Lifespan will be staggeringly increased, without 'old age's debilitation.' AIDS, cancer, leukemia, and genetic diseases will be completely conquered. The potential for a true golden era is upon us, for all humanity."

http://members.iimetro.com.au/~hubbca/ether.htm
...

1. New waves discovered
Longitudinal EM energy fills vacuum of space, the time domain of spacetime, time as compressed energy, E=tc2, waves of time, phase conjugate wave pairs.

"Electric power is everywhere present in unlimited quantities and can drive the world's machinery without the need of coal, oil, gas, or any other of the common fuels."   Nikola Tesla 

"At any point and at any time, one can freely and inexpensively extract enormous EM energy flows directly from the active vacuum itself." Tom Bearden

"By 1957-8 the Soviets had progressed to the point of a giant scalar EM accident in the Urals which exploded nearby atomic wastes, devastating the area. They had also progressed to development of great new superweapons using their new energetics - weapons to which Khrushchev referred in 1960 when he informed the Soviet Presidium of a new, fantastic weapon in development, a weapon so powerful that it could wipe out all life on earth if unrestrainedly employed.'" Tom Bearden

After over 30 years of development, and extensive testing around the globe, these new scalar electromagnetic weapons are up and running and ready to go. Tom Bearden, at his website Cheniere, dicusses the history of these new scalar electromagnetic weapons in his paper "Historical Background of Scalar EM Weapons." 
(I'll get into this as well)

So the layman will need to understand that there is a new kind of electromagnetic energy that is altogether different from what he knows, e.g. radio, TV, cell phones, etc. The ordinary EM waves that we have known about are called transverse EM waves, to distinguish them from the new longitudinal EM waves. These scalar waves do not actually exist in our "material" world, but exist only in the vacuum of empty space, or the time domain. And we must keep in mind that this vacuum of space we speak of exists all through everything. Even our bodies are mostly empty space between atoms and molecules. So the gateway to this seething ocean of energy can be there at every point in the universe. This seething ocean of energy is all around us and all through us.

Emptiness is Full

This amazing discovery announces that the "emptiness" of empty space is in fact not empty, but a great ocean of seething energy!

Col. Bearden refers to this ocean of energy as being of the "time domain." Energy out of time?  It seems like something from Star Trek but this is the point which the new science of  scalar electromagnetics  has reached. And where it is going may be beyond anything Star Trek could have dreamed of. 

We live in a 3-dimensional world, which physics calls "3-space." But there is also spacetime, or 4-space, or the "4th dimension." Then suddenly comes this amazing new knowledge that time itself is actually compressed energy. And it is energy which is compressed by exactly the same factor by which matter is considered compressed energy: the speed-of-light-squared!

So we have a new companion to the famous E=mc2. It is now paired with E=tc2 (where t is actually "delta-t," or change in time). Or (amaze your family and friends and) say:

"E equals em-cee-squared"
and
"E equals delta-tee-cee-squared" 

It has a nice ring to it, like some freedom bell announcing a new era.

And as the atomic bomb released the compressed energy in matter, so can we now unleash the tremendous energy that is compressed into time itself.  It gives a completely new meaning to the term "time bomb."

"Those [Russian] weapon scientists resurrected an old term from the history of electrodynamics, called "energetics". That is their approach to a unified field theory, where everything is based on "energetics". This model as its foundations uses a very similar approach to that "single fundamental unit" model, where energy is the unit. If one makes the energy EM in nature, then one has the Russian energetics approach. This unified approach gathers everything in, including all energy actions and relations in inert matter (the first branch of energetics, called by the same name), all field and matter interactions in living matter (the second branch of energetics, called "bioenergetics"), and all mind operations and mind-matter interactions (the third branch of energetics, called "psychoenergetics"). [ed: sometimes also called "psychotronics" by the Russians]

"Note that the weaponeers sliced energetics into three branches, with each branch depending on the nature of the "targeting".

"So I took a hint from them, since the stuff and the approach worked. They had already weaponized it highly." 

"Scalar EM is the brainchild of Lt. Col. (retired) Thomas E. Bearden, a systems analyst and wargames specialist who has been advocating a view of electromagnetics which is based on the notion of a vast, unseen background of scalar energies (as opposed to vector energies) which underlie all physical reality.

"If Bearden is correct in his Scalar EM theory, then we can build devices which would enable us to alter gravity, time, inertia, and the apparent mass of an object. This of course has ENORMOUS implications for military applications, space-vehicle drives, time-travel, teleportation, paranormal phenomena, and just about every other area one can think of." http://twm.co.nz/Beard_scalem.html

"Time-energy, time-currents, and time-structuring play the dominant role in electromagnetics. Time-as-energy eventually becomes engineerable, as easily as is spatial energy now. We are always dealing with spacetime and with spacetime curvature." 

Bearden:http://www.cheniere.org/techpapers/Vision%202000%20paper.doc

The scalar energy discovered in the vacuum of space is sometimes called "zero-point" energy. Thomas Valone explains how this term came about.

What does "Zero Point" mean?

"Boyer traces the historical �creation of the vacuum� as proceeding in stages in parallel with the historical development of ideas about the vacuum. To paraphrase, he says that in the 17th century, it was thought that a totally empty volume of space could be created by simply removing all matter and, in particular, all gases. That was our first concept of the vacuum. Just get rid of all the gas. 

Late in the 19th century, it became apparent that the region still contained thermal radiation. But it seemed that the radiation might be eliminated by cooling. So the second concept of getting a real vacuum is to cool it down to zero temperature. Just go all the way to absolute zero. Then we�ve got a real vacuum. Right? Well, since then, both theory and experiment have shown that there is a non-thermal radiation in the vacuum and that it persists even if the temperature could be lowered to absolute zero. Therefore, it was simply called the �zero point� radiation."

Thomas Valone http://www.seaspower.com/InsideZeroPoint.htm

!!!!!!"For our very survival, it is absolutely imperative that informed citizens be aware of this dramatic change, which is just now starting. The powerful new science and engineering must be controlled and used for humanity's benefit, not its detriment. Else it will eventually be let loose unrestrainedly, to destroy all life on earth - a possibility indicated by Nikita Khrushchev in 1960." - Bearden!!!!!!

2. Tapping the waves

The vast seething ocean of energy of the vacuum, the longitudinal scalar EM waves of the time domain, can now be tapped and "transduced" into ordinary (transverse) EM energy in our 3-Space world. The process can be compared to putting a paddlewheel into a river. The energy acquired is free, since the river is there flowing whether we tap it or not. And it is a mighty river, and is not diminished by our paddlewheel.

This means that a permanent solution to the "energy crisis" is at hand, if only those who hold it so secret would give it up to humankind. 

It means our species' insane use of oil is no longer necessary. We can make automobiles that need no fuel at all. We can build motors that power themselves. It means that unlimited electrical power can be available for free anywhere in the world. Every house and even shack can have its own power supply. 

Of course there is the cost of the equipment at first, but the energy flow is free for the presumably very long life (no moving parts) of the generator. It will probably take decades to shift over to scalar power. 

But the ability to tap the scalar (longitudinal) EM waves of the vacuum (which exists everywhere) also means that unbelievably powerful weapons can be, and already have been  developed. In fact these weapons are so dangerous that the fear engendered becomes a psychological obstacle to the grasping of the facts. 

And the government, likewise, pretends these weapons do not exist and tries to keep it secret from the people. Because most people would indeed be truly alarmed to know the actual situation. Col. Tom Bearden has decided that the people need to know the truth anyway. As a People on a Planet we must face this now, and ban the use of scalar weapons in war or in mass mind control. The current deployment of these weapons is a world emergency which we must all face.

The physics and mathematics of the longitudinal waves and the time domain are clearly beyond the layman, but I recommend scanning through them anyway just to get a sense of the wonder and the elegance of it all and some of the exotic terms which are used. Two of the most important papers by Col. Bearden are:

 Giant Negentropy from the Common Dipole
 The Final Secret of Free Energy. 

"There is no problem at all in extracting all the energy one wishes from the active vacuum, anywhere in the universe, at any time. Just make a dipole.

The problem is in (1) catching some of that freely gushing EM energy in a circuit containing a load, and (2) dissipating the caught and collected EM energy in that load to power it, without using half the caught energy to destroy the source dipole's).

That is the ONLY real energy problem on the planet, and always has been."

A dipole could be a battery, which is polarized into negative and positive. Or the terminals of a generator. Or any magnet with its two poles. Or an atom with its positive and negative charges. Or the earth's magnetic field, the sun, and all heavenly bodies. Even a galaxy must be some kind of mega-dipole. Wherever there is a dipole there is already immense scalar EM energy ushering out of and back into the vacuum. And there have already been demonstrated a number of diverse methods for tapping that energy as it flows. (John Bedini, Edwin Gray, Bruce de Palma, and others). Bearden provides what he calls a "partial list" on his website.

"In other words, nature then gladly gives us as much EM energy flow as we need, indefinitely � just for paying a tiny little bit initially to "make the little dipole." After that, we never have to pay anything again, and nature will happily keep on pouring out that 3-flow of EM energy for us. This is the giant negentropy mechanism I uncovered, performed in the simplest way imaginable: just make an ordinary little dipole." Bearden http://www.cheniere.org/techpapers/Unnecessary%20Energy%20Crisis.doc

Soon the cat will be fully out of the bag. The first MEG units will supply 2.5 kilowatts of free electricity. Forever. Units can be connected together to double or triple the wattage. After that gets going, 10 kilowatt generators are planned. Energy will flow freely from the time domain indefinitely, and there are no moving parts to wear out. This manufacturing project is a heroic effort and will change the world as we know it. For once people are in possession of such devices there can be no further denial from anyone, including the government and/or "secret-government."

I must include here that Bearden is quick to point out that he is not himself the inventor of the MEG, but is a partner and advisor in bringing it to the public market through Magnetic Energy Limited, Inc. I must also admit that I am praying for the success of this venture, and the ending of the absurd and criminal withholding of this technology from the people by the black-ops military-industrial people. This secrecy has cost the planet over 30 years of unnecessary pollution.

The first units off the assembly line, which is being set up in a "friendly" unnamed nation, will usher the public at last into the new era of scalar electromagnetics.

As of December, 2001, the situation with the MEG was described by Bearden in a letter. 

"What we presently have with the MEG is a successful laboratory experiment. At least a year's very hard research will have to be done before we will be ready to put a commercial power supply into production.

"Consequently, we have made an agreement with a foreign partner (the National Materials Science Lab of the National Academy of Sciences of a friendly foreign nation) to do that year's research. At the same time, we are trying to make an agreement with one or more large financial partners here in the U.S." http://www.cheniere.org/correspondence/121901.htm

Update : Motionless Electromagnetic Generator patented, 3-26-2002

---

Free Energy has been Suppressed
   
Secret Government Aware of Free Energy

"In this world of contemporary times, all the agencies, CIA, FBI, KGB, NSA, Electric Power Research Institute, DARPA, Brookings Institution, Henry Kissinger, Edward Teller, et al., all are aware of [free-energy researcher Bruce] DePalma and his ideas. 

"Because these individuals and institutions are employed by the ruling elite to forecast the future and satisfy present needs and demands, it is clear that free energy is a threat to the world order constructed by business and the mindset of those who want to own the world. 

"Free energy represents Man's aspirations and dreams of freedom and equality, uniform division of resources and the ability to choose one's own future. 

"The fact that free energy is suppressed speaks to the greed and self-interest of a ruling elite which, even in the face of an emergency of global starvation, resource depletion and environmental pollution, will not give one inch if it means loss of control. This is an attitude of paranoid delusion and fantasy which can only arise from the alienation of a class of elitists who, through their money, are completely insulated from the reality of the day to day fight for existence of the common man."

http://depalma.pair.com/Absurdity/Absurdity07/ProblemOfFreeEnergy.html

Bearden describes one clear case of the suppression of free energy  when the Yakuza killed the Kawai engine in his very presence in Huntsville, Alabama. 

Concerning the criminal withholding of this scalar technology by the military black-budget people, and the cover-up of the actual situation regarding scalar weapons throughout the world, Tom has this to say:

"The high government officials of the United States of America grossly violated our constitution and their sworn oaths of office. Our constitution specifically charges the government of the United States to defend the people of the United States. That means our officials are specifically charged with defending our people. Yet they deliberately agreed not to do so, and they deliberately sacrificed us in advance.

"They committed treason of the highest kind, by deliberately surrendering us to total destruction anytime the big balloon goes up."

Energy Crisis Solved

One of the "must read" documents at Cheniere is The Unnecessary Energy Crisis: How to Solve It Quickly, especially since the "oil wars," which Bearden has foreseen for decades, have now already begun. 

   
In the conclusion of his paper The Unnecessary Energy Crisis: How to Solve It Quickly Bearden again states the urgency of replacing our centralized power grids with highly dispersed and local taps on the freely flowing energy of the active vacuum. Given the abilities of the Tesla howitzers, the power grids of all nations are sitting ducks. 

"Personally, the present author regards the increasing energy crisis as the greatest strategic threat to the United States in its entire history. I will do anything within my power to help prevent what I perceive to be the looming economic collapse of the Western world, preceded or accompanied by a sudden, explosive, all-out and continuing exchange of the WMD arsenals of most of the world.

"The present energy crisis then is due totally to that "conspiracy of ignorance" we referred to, that is maintained by the scientific community, and that has been maintained by it for more than 100 years.

"This is the real situation that the environmentalists must become aware of, if they are to see the correct path into which their energies and efforts should be directed � to solve both the energy crisis and the problem of gigantic pollution of the biosphere."

As far as anyone in the legislative branch of government ever understanding the profundity of the discovery and engineering of scalar waves, Tom Bearden says they are at a great disadvantage in doing so.

"The nontechnical person � e.g., a Senator or a Congressperson � is operating under a distinct disadvantage. If he or she takes the stance that much better electrical power systems can readily be achieved, he or she is in fact opposing almost the entire set of University, Government Technical, Power Company, Battery Company, and Organized Science communities. Further, in most cases his technical advisors are themselves from one or the other of those communities, and likely to go back into that community or those communities when the Senator or Congressperson leaves office, or even before. So the Congress and the non-technical government community at large operate at a great disadvantage...Bearden

3. Weaponization

Scalar interferometry, Tesla howitzer, Tesla dome, heat/cold, dudding, 10 nations have them, dead-man fusing & Insane Systems, scalar strategy, earthquakes and weather wars, solar storms, mind attacks, leased to Yakuza, many examples of testing, quantum potential weapons.

"We've totally missed the most incredible "secret superweapons" development program of all times, and the worldwide testing of the weapons themselves.

"Hiroshima and Nagasaki should serve as object lessons in the price of ignorance of such technological breakthroughs.

"History does repeat itself. But this time it's not we Americans who got the great new superweapon first."

Warfare has been changed forever by the development of these scalar energy longitudinal wave howitzers. To get a basic understanding of scalar waves is to have the imagination suddenly run wild as all the implications and possibilities regarding warfare fall into place. One realizes with a certain horror that the world has totally changed, and that there are some very fearsome possibilities. Remember, the power for these weapons comes from the time domain, longitudinal EM waves in the vacuum of empty space, and the power is tremendous and mind-boggling. Being able to blast away at any target from a distant control booth is something that has never  happened before. This is incredible power to be in control of and it divides the history of weaponry into "before" and "after." And the destructive power of these weapons is delivered instantaneously to the target from the local vacuum at the place of the target.

Here are some initial considerations about 
scalar weapons and scalar wars

For one thing there is no delivery of any thing to any place. Bombs are obsolete. So are the planes to get them there. No helicopters necessary. All current nuclear devices are rendered nearly useless by electronic "dudding." All distant-destruction can be done from a control room, and to any point on earth. The destructive power of "men" has just increased by orders of magnitude. The new weapons could even cause storms on the sun! Thus there is great urgency to make these new facts public and known, with the hope that all nations would come together to ban the use of scalar weapons. 

Two scalar antennae together along with the computers to control them, make up a scalar interferometer, and according to Col. Bearden the Russians have hundreds of such installations already. These interferometers are called "Tesla Howitzers." They can deliver a giant blast of energy to the distant target site, true "action-at-a-distance". 

The first howitzer mode is called the "exothermic" mode of operation because immense EM energy blasts outward at the target site. The blast of a scalar howitzer can be of near nuclear level in destructiveness, and can be repeated easily, at that place, or nearby, or anywhere.

The howitzer can use a lesser exothermic power setting and simply destroy all electronics in the target area. Thus they can render our nuclear missiles inoperable as they sit in their silos by "frying" the electronic circuits that guide them. They can bring down any airplane, anywhere in the world, at any time. Any person anywhere, if their exact position is known, can be assassinated without a shot being fired. 

The howitzers can also bring down power grids anywhere in the world, at any time. Thus they could bring Wall Street to an instant halt by disabling all its electronics. Even this one little easy tweak of the howitzer could cripple the U.S. economy in a single day. No wonder the "leaders" don't want you to know! This is a new era we are in. The discovery and development of scalar interferometry has put us in a new world, whether we like it or not. Anyone could be expected to go into denial, the befuddled senators and congressmen included. But we have to wake up.

In a second howitzer mode called the "endothermic" mode, the howitzer sucks energy out of the target area, essentially creating a blast of cold at the distant target. It is even capable of freezing parts of the ocean. Bearden gives a number of cases where these "cold explosions" have been witnessed, mostly by airline pilots. April 9, 1984: 1  2  3 ) A huge mushroom cloud of mostly water is seen rising miles into the sky from out of the ocean, an awesome sight.

In the endothermic mode the sucked-out energy must go somewhere, so it is vented out at some other chosen spot on the earth. These endothermic plumes have been photographed by satellite.

By using both of these heat (exothermic) and cold (endothermic) modes together the weather can be altered anywhere. Warm the air over here, cool it down over there, put a curl in the jet stream, dissipate clouds, create clouds, whip up a tornado. Bearden speaks about using the endothermic howitzer mode as a weapon of war:

"Cold explosions can be used to freeze tanks, personnel, and equipment. The equipment and tanks thaw out. The personnel thaw out too, but they are dead when they do." Bearden, Fer-de-Lance

(This endothermic mode of the howitzers makes me think that there might one day be a cure for the problem of global warming after all. Could not a big device, situated in space or on the moon, be able to vent a great deal of excess heat outside the atmosphere into space, thus functioning as a kind of planetary thermostat?)

While the United States has experimented with electomagnetic weapons using ordinary transverse EM waves, the longitudinal [LW] weaponized waves are truly of another order altogether. 

For one thing they do not have to travel through space, for they come from the time domain, which is everywhere. The energy of the blast, the heat or light or whatever, comes from the vacuum of space at the location of the target itself. This is astonishing. The weapons actually just trigger the release of immense energy from the vacuum at the target location.

"... it is possible to focus the potential for the effects of a weapon through spacetime itself, in a manner so that mass and energy do not "travel through space" from the transmitter to the target at all. Instead, ripples and patterns in the fabric of spacetime itself are manipulated to meet and interfere in and at the local spacetime of some distant target. There interference of these ripple patterns creates the desired energetic effect (hence the term energetics) directly in and through the target itself, emerging from the very spacetime (vacuum) in which the target is imbedded at its distant location." Bearden Fer-de-Lance

The big Tesla howitzers are aimed at their targets by using a worldwide electromagnetic pattern called the "Woodpecker Grid," begun by the Russians in 1976.

A third howitzer mode is what Col. Bearden calls "Mindsnapper" mode. This is a truly frightening mode which affects the electromagnetic mind-body connection. Being mind-snapped at a low level would cause you to lose consciousness. Being mind-snapped at a slightly higher power would "entrain" all minds in the target area into a kind of hypnogogic trance, a state in which they would all be highly susceptible to suggestions and orders. 

Being mind-snapped at high level would so disrupt the mind-body connection that everyone in the target area would fall down, instantly dead. Not only that, everything around you and inside you would be killed, so that your sterilized body would not rot for quite a long time. 

The Mindsnapper can be used for a small area, or to kill an entire population. In fact, using the scalar waves to affect the human mind has become a new field in its own right, and has been dubbed "psychoenergetics." (This is discussed below in section 5).

Bearden describes the use of the howitzer in mind-snapping mode against people, to cause unconsciousness or death:

"From a military viewpoint, these scalar EM weapons are really quite all-around weapons.

"For example, they are very lethal against personnel.

"Set in the "high intensity pulse mode," one blast and a person's nervous system is destroyed instantly. Total, instantaneous death results. One can blast away at entire groups of infantrymen, for example. It's the peak power that's important, not the average power. So the weapon doesn't require too much battery power.

"Set on a lower intensity pulse mode, one zap can simply knock out a person, rendering him instantly unconscious. Quite useful if one needs prisoners to interrogate. Also very silent, which is useful in operations employing stealth and surprise." Bearden http://www.cheniere.org/books/ferdelance/s80.htm

"Those hit by the scalar EM weapon, however, have a most peculiar death mode.

"Death comes-instantly and totally. There is no convulsion, no response. The entire nervous system is destroyed instantly. Every living cell in the body is killed instantly, including all bacteria, germs, etc.

"A body hit with this thing falls like a limp rag and lies where it falls. It doesn't decay in even 30-45 days. In a macabre fashion, it's been reduced to something like food irradiated with nuclear radiation; everything is killed, so the material is preserved for an extended period before any decay can set in."

He goes on to say that the same "bazooka-sized scalar EM pulse weapon" can also be used to knock out a tank with one shot (or pulse). So tank warfare is obsolete. Helicopters? Bearden points out: "... if he's attacked by a helicopter or a fixed-wing aircraft, he can bring the same weapon to bear on it. He can knock down a chopper or a jet. With one shot." 

One begins to get the idea how profoundly the conventional means of warfare have been obsoleted. All the usual weapons of war have been rendered nearly useless! And Star Trek's "Phaser," with its "stun" and "kill" modes is here at last.

Although it is the weapons aspect of scalar electromagnetic which has received the most developmental effort, Bearden points out that a great many other amazing things that may be accomplished in this new field of science. Beam me up Scotty!

"Superluminal communications systems, hyperspace drive, and materialization and dematerialization are all hypothetically possible, using scalar electromagnetics. As the technology develops, we should see the development of many of the systems long thought impossible except in science- fiction."

Bearden describes a huge test of the Russian scalar weapons systems which occurred in 1985, a test that went completely unnoticed by western scientists:

"Just before May 1, 1985 the Soviet Union performed a "full-up" operational test of their entire strategic scalar EM weapons complex. This test was detected and monitored periodically by Frank Golden. Some 27 of these giant Soviet "power taps" were locked into the molten core of the earth, producing forced (entrained) scalar resonance of the entire planet on 54 controlled frequencies under our very feet. The remainder of the scalar frequency spectrum was ablaze with literally hundreds of Soviet scalar transmitters: probably the entire strategic scalar command and control system to underwater submarines, higher command centers, distant commands, etc. was activated in the giant exercise.

"For several days, the system was exercised on a mind-boggling scale, apparently as part of the Soviet Union's highly accentuated 40th anniversary celebration of the end of World War II.

"Ironically, not a single U.S. intelligence agency, laboratory, or scientist detected this monstrous exercise for the new Soviet leader, Gorbachev. Not a one of them had a detector for scalar EM radiation, and not a one of them officially believes the exercise ever happened."

The whole series of the Fer-de-Lance briefing slides and comments is a "must read" for anyone wanting to be aware of the actual state of things in this world right now. It is a new world and it takes some getting used to. Fer-de-Lance speaks clearly, for the layman, of the way things stand. 

What is it like to operate these Tesla Howitzers? Col. Bearden gives us an idea in his "Fer-de-Lance" briefing, Slides 66-71. 

Who needs armies anymore? A entire war can be fought and won by a handful of men sitting in a comfortable control booth! The scalar electromagnetics revolution has made all previous forms of warfare nearly obsolete.

'The restraint on the Soviets is not because of our Triad forces. The restraint is twofold: 

(1) a second nation has scalar EM weapons, and would undoubtedly unleash them upon the Soviet Union with great violence if such a massive world-wide destruction of U.S. forces occurred or was threatened (is it really "accidental" that six major Soviet missile ammunition storage sites mysteriously exploded within seven months?); 

(2) the closed-loop scalar radiation exchange system of Earth-Sun could be inadvertently "tweaked" in the feedback loop from Earth to Sun, so that a large solar scalar resonance was stimulated. In that case the Sun could emit a mighty resonant "burp" that would simply wipe out all life on Earth in a fiery shower.

'The "terror" in the "balance of terror" between nations has just increased by many, many orders of magnitude.

'The biblical prophecy that the Earth will be wiped out by "fire and brimstone from heaven" is very near fulfillment now.

'Put another way, the pucker factor -- even on the Russians who may contemplate unleashing Armageddon -- is higher than any Western strategic analyst has ever imagined, even in his wildest nightmares.

'Truly these weapons are "more frightening than the mind of man has imagined," as Brezhnev put it in 1975.

'The frightening scalar EM weapons can be used, but only very, very gingerly indeed. If a slight mistake is made, everybody loses everything."

"In short, Russell, the Secretary of Defense of the United States confirmed that there are indeed novel kinds of EM weapons, right now and have been for some time, which have been and are being used to (1) initiate earthquakes, (2) engineer the weather and climate, and (3) initiate the eruption of volcanoes. We wrote about those exact uses of the weaponry decades ago. Several nations now have such weapons. Three of them (two on one side and the other on a hostile side) are even firing practice shots into Western Australia, as a convenient test range."

http://www.earthchangestv.com/ufo/0209gandor.htm

See Also:
Examples of scalar weapons testing around the globe

(again please put in numerical order(1.1) thanks)

Hey all ... ;¥

***warm welcome...

PATENTS-Benard Eastlund
1. Bernard Eastlund et al, "High Intensity Discharge Lamp with single Crystal Sapphire
Envelope, " U. S. Patent 6,992,445, January 31, 2006.

2. Bernard Eastlund et al, "Sapphire high intensity discharge projector lamp", U. S. Patent 6,661,174.
December 9, 2003.

3. Bernard Eastlund et al, "High Intensity Discharge Lamp with Single Crystal Sapphire Envelope",
U. S. Patent 6,652,334, November 25, 2003.

4. Bernard Eastlund et al, "Microwave energy ink drying method", U. S. Patent 6,508,550,
January 21, 2003.

5.  Bernard J. Eastlund et al, "High Intensity Discharge Lamp with Single Crystal  
Sapphire Envelope," U. S. Patent 6,483,237, November 19, 2002.

6.  Bernard J. Eastlund, et al, "Microwave Applicator for  Drying Sheet Material,"
U. S. Patent 6,444,964, September 3, 2002.

7.  Bernard J. Eastlund, et al, "Microwave Energy Ink Drying System", U. S. Patent
 6,425,663, July 30, 2002.

8.   Bernard J. Eastlund, "Sapphire High Intensity Discharge Projector Lamp,"
 U.S. Patent 6,414,436, July 2, 2002.

9.   Bernard J. Eastlund and Andrew Bushnell, "Method and Apparatus Utilizing
 Microwaves to Enhance Electrode Arc Lamp Emission Spectra," U. S. Patent
 6,087,783, July 11, 2000.

10.  Bernard J. Eastlund, "Method and Apparatus for Improving the Energy
Efficiency for Separating the Elements in a Complex Substance such as
Radioactive Waste with a Large Volume Plasma Processor", U. S. Patent No.
5,868,909, Feb. 29, 1999.

11. Bernard J. Eastlund, "Method and Apparatus for Ionizing All the elements in a
Complex Substance such as Radioactive Waste and Separating Some of the
elements from the Other Elements", U. S. Patent No. 5,681,434, Oct. 28, 1997.


12.  Bernard J. Eastlund, "Method and Apparatus for a Large Volume Plasma
Processor That Can Utilize Any Feedstock Material", U. S. Patent No. 5,630,880,
1997.

13.  Bernard J. Eastlund, "Method for Producing a Shell of Relativistic Particles at
an Altitude Above the Earth's Surface", U. S. Patent No. 5,038,664, 1991.

14.  B. J. Eastlund, K. J. Schmitt, D. C. Anderson, "Tubing Collar", U. S. Patent
  No. 4,861,074, 1989

15.  B. J. Eastlund, K. J. Schmitt, R. M. Bass, J. M. Harrison, "Method and System
  for Introducing Electric Current Into a Well", U. S. Patent No. 4,716,960, 1988.

16.  Bernard J. Eastlund, Simon Ramo, "Method and Apparatus for Creating an       
  Artificial Electron Cyclotron Heating Region of Plasma", U. S. Patent No.
 4,712,155, 1988.

17.  Bernard J. Eastlund, "Method and Apparatus for Altering a Region in the
  Earth's Magnetosphere", U. S. Patent No. 4,686,605, 1987.

18.  Bernard J. Eastlund, Kenneth J. Schmitt, R. M. Bass, "Well Heater",
  U. S. Patent No. 4,678,034, 1987.

19.  B. J. Eastlund, W. C. Couch, M. G. Ury, "Method and Apparatus for Curing
Three Dimensional Objects Without Rotation", U. S. Patent No. 4,208,587, 1980.

20.  M. G. Ury, B. J. Eastlund, R. Bradon, C. Wood, " Microwave Generated
Radiation Apparatus", U. S. Patent No. 4,042,850, 1977.

21.  B. J. Eastlund, "Non-Symmetrical Reflector for Radiation Curing",
  U. S. Patent No. 3,983,089, 1976.

22.  B. J. Eastlund, D. M. Spero, M. G. Ury, "Method and Apparatus for Generating
  Electromagnetic Radiation", U. S. Patent No. 3, 911,318, 1975.

23.  B. J. Eastlund, D. M. Spero, M. G. Ury, "Generation of Ultraviolet Light With
  Microwave Plasmas", U. S. Patent No. 3, 872, 349, 1975.

PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Bernard Eastlund et al, "Reflector for UV Curing Systems, 20050115498
2. Bernard Eastlund et al, "UV Flux Multiplication System for Sterilizing air, medical devices and
other materials, 20040166018

http://www.eastlundscience.com/PATENTS.html

...

THE ARCO PATENTS (ASSIGNED TO APTI)

Eastlund combined the ideas of MEV electrons in space with the technology to generate MEV electrons 
using electromagnetic waves to create the idea of a missile shield and other applications of MEV 
electrons by inventing a large antenna array in Alaska to project RF electromagnetic waves to intersect
with the earth's geomagnetic field at high altitude. The subsequent relativistic electrons would destroy 
enemy missiles if they intersected with missile trajectories. See HAARPMEVELECTRONS.

The patents are:

"Method for Producing a Shell of Relativistic Particles at an Altitude Above the Earths Surface"
Bernard J. Eastlund inventor, US Patent Number: 5,038,664 Issue Date: 8/13/91,Assignee: APTI, Inc.

"Method and Apparatus For Altering a Region in the Earth's Atmosphere, Ionosphere, and/or 
Magnetosphere" Bernard J. Eastlund inventor, US Patent Number: 4,686,605 Issue Date: 8/11/87
Assignee: APTI, Inc.

"Method and Apparatus For Creating an Artificial Electron Cyclotron Heating Region of Plasma"
Bernard J. Eastlund and Simon Ramo inventors, Patent Number: 4,712,155 Issue Date: 1/28/85
Assignee: APTI, Inc.

Note that all of these patents were filed before any subcontractors were involved with the project.
The patent issued in 1991 had been held up because it was classified as secret for 5 years.
 MEV ELECTRONS
MEV ELECTRONS the HAARP system, or a system like it only larger, could accelerate copius 
numbers of MEV electrons along magnetic field lines in the atmosphere, then, in our opinion, this could 
be the greatest threat to modern military satellite technology. A geosynchronous satellite could be 
eliminated within 20 minutes. There is some indication that other countries, such as China are working 
on such technologies. See HAARPMEVELECTRONS

http://www.eastlundscience.com/HAARP.html

...

POWER EVOLUTION
The first stage of HAARP had 950 KW and it was recently increased to 3600 KW or 3.6 Megawatts. The power 
level in terms of what is needed to create MEV electrons is still low. The theory indicates at least 0.5 watt/ cm^2
is needed at 100 km altitude. The 3.6 Megawatt HAARP has just 0.21 microwatts/cm^2 at 2.8 MHz.
PULSED OPERATION
It is possible that the HAARP might be capable of pulsed operation in which the energy is stored for a 
second or more and then released in a short millisecond burst. This could increase the flux at altitude 
by a factor 1000 to 10,000. This would increase the flux to 2.1 milliwatts/cm^2. The HIPAS system in 
Alaska ran in a pulsed mode in the 1980's. Also, we have heard that the recent upgrade actually cost 
around $200 million. This could be because a pulsed capability was installed.
LENS EFFECTS
It is possible to create a "lens" in the ionosphere short of the desirable electron acceleration point and 
focus the power on a much smaller area than assumed in the HAARP Calculator available on the web. 
Such a method of operation could increase the flux a factor of 10 or more. If both pulsed and lensing 
were used, the flux would be very close to the 0.5 watts/cm^2 in the theory.
OPINION
The acceleration of electrons in the ionosphere to MEV energies was considered the most important 
application of the Eastlund ARCO patents when they were under development. It may still be one of 
the DOD priorities. This facility and the ARCO patents have been made public for a number of years.
Any country could build one. HAARP is not built with overly sophisticated technology. The technology 
is easily available all over the world. Any country that builds a facility capable of missile defense or 
ASAT applications such as envisioned in the original ARCO work, could severely destabilize the 
world's military situation.

http://www.eastlundscience.com/HAARP3600000Watt.html

...

RESONANCE HEATING OF ELECTRONS
The core hypothesis underlying the ARCO patents was to generate copious amounts of MEV electrons along 
magnetic field lines above the earth's surface as shown above. Resonance energy can be applied many ways to 
objects. Wind was the force that created a resonance effect and toppled the Tacoma narrows bridge in 1940. 
See also HAARPASAT
 A resonant heating method of creating MEV electrons using RF waves was developed and exploited by the 
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Subsequent plasma devices have generated MEV electrons in the 
laboratory with resonant heating. A figure from the "Large Helical Device" project depicts such electrons 
confined by a magnetic field.
The ARCO patents by Dr. Eastlund, hypothesized a large phased array antenna located in Alaska with its RF 
energy focused at altitudes 100km or more above the earth. The system is illustrated at the top of the page. 
The frequency was t chosen to be in the 1-3 MHz range to create an electron resonance heating that would 
create MEV electrons along the magnetic field lines. The RF beam is shown in yellow in the figure. The heating 
process is depicted as a helix along a magnetic field line. The electrons spiral along the field line with 
increasingly large orbits as their energy increases. MEV electrons are formed and a magnetic mirror force 
pushes the electrons away from the earth along the magnetic field lines. When such electrons impinge on a 
missile warhead or a satellite, they are buried in the material and heat components. In the case of a missile 
warhead, this can lead to destruction, in the case of a satellite, it can make the satellite inoperative.

The first DOD contract regarding the ARCO patents by Eastlund was from DARPA and was entitled "The 
Alaska North Slope Electric Missile Shield", contract No. DAAHD1-86-C-0420. The objective was to determine 
the feasibility of generating the MEV electrons and determining the feasibility of the applications. A summary of 
the work performed is available as a paper entitled "Applications of In Situ Generated Relativistic Electrons in 
the Ionosphere", by Dr. Bernard J. Eastlund, December 13, 1990. ESEC Technical Report 136. Distribution of 
this paper was authorized by DARPA in 1990. 
Eastlund's Patent 5,038,664 estimated 
electron acceleration power requirement of 
0.1 to 1 watt/cm2 at 250 KM.

This hypothesis was verified theoretically by 
Menyuk et al, Phys. Rev. Letters, Vol. 58, 
Number 20, May 18, 1987  who were 
supported by the “Alaskan North Slope 
Electric Missile Shield” contract. The paper
concludes that 0.5 watt/cm2 at 130 KM 
could accelerate ambient electrons to 5 
MEV.
Dr. Eastlund was the principal investigator 
on the contract.

http://www.eastlundscience.com/HAARPMEVELECTRONS.html

...

China radar at South Pole could sabotage U.S. Spy satellites
East-Asia-Intel.com, February 1, 2006

Beijing announced plans last week to build a high-frequency radar on the South Pole. Analysts say 
the radar could be used to disrupt U.S. Intelligence satellites.
The radar will be built at China’s Zhongshan Station, where Beijing has set up of a space 
environment lab.

The station will consist of 20 antenna units, including 16 units for the main antenna and four for the 
auxiliary antenna. Each antenna is 20 meters high. The high-frequency radar can detect 
ionospheric convection within a range of 3,000 kilometers. Chinese officials told Xinhua the station 
would be used to measure the polar space environment.

http://www.eastlundscience.com/HAARPASAT.html

...

The science of weather modification is in its infancy. When the ARCO patents were written in 1984, the only 
scientific approach was salting clouds with silver iodide. One of the reasons weather modification is not a science 
is that scientists have made what they considered to be reasonable assessments of the relative size of forcing 
technologies (such as wind generators, microwave heaters, or explosions) and determined that the large size of 
weather systems make it useless to attempt to change weather patterns with human intervention.
In U. S. Patent 4,712,155 Eastlund states,"In one embodiment of the invention, electron cyclotron resonance 
heating is carried out in the selected region at sufficient power levels to allow the plasma to generate a mirror 
force which forces the charged electrons of the altered plasma upward along the force line to an altitude which is 
higher than the original altitude. As the plasma moves upward, other particles from the atmosphere at the same 
altitude as the selected region move horizontally into the region to replace the rising plasma and to form new 
plasma. The kinetic energy developed by said other particles as they move horizontally is on the same order of 
magnitude of as the total zonal kinetic energy of stratospheric winds known to exist at altitudes equal to the region 
being altered. Since there is evidence that these stratospheric winds may be linked to certain weather patterns on 
earth, the present method may be used to affect similar patterns."

In U. S. Patent 4,686,605 Eastlund states, "Weather modification is possible by, for example, altering upper 
atmosphere wind patterns or altering solar absorption patterns by constructing one or more plumes of 
atmospheric particles which will act as a lens or focusing device."

HAARP AND GRAVITY WAVES
Gravity waves have received much attention over the last 5 years as an important initiator or cause of some 
severe weather phenomena.

http://www.eastlundscience.com/HAARPWEATHER.html
...

3.1

Russian scientist died in fall at Fermilab

Police identified the woman found dead at Fermilab in Batavia Thursday as a 24-year-old visiting Russian scientist named Maria Beloyvan.
The preliminary cause of death indicates Beloyvan died from traumatic injuries to her chest, neck and back sustained in a fall. DuPage County Coroner staff could not yet say Friday afternoon what caused Beloyvan to fall or from what height she fell. DuPage County Sheriff's officers are investigating the case and have already said foul play is not suspected in Beloyvan's death.
Fermilab employees first discovered Beloyvan's body while investigating a noise in the lab's headquarters at Wilson Hall. Beloyvan was found lying on the floor of the atrium, according to a statement released by the lab. Batavia paramedics declared her dead shortly after 11 a.m.
Fermilab employees observed a moment of silence at 10:50 a.m. Friday in recognition of the woman's death.
The multistory atrium is in the center of the 16-story building. There are several bridges.

http://www.dailyherald.com/story/?id=379213&src=5

...

Will new space warplane lead to militarization of space?

http://www.greenchange.org/article.php?id=5763
...
"Space has been militarized since before NASA was even created," said Joan Johnson-Freese, a space policy analyst at the Naval War College in Newport, RI. Yet she sees weaponization as a different issue from militarization because "so much space technology is dual use" in terms of having both civilian and military purposes, as well as offensive or defensive use.

The U.S. military could even be using the cloak of mystery to deliberately bamboozle and confuse rival militaries, according to John Pike, a military and security analyst who runs GlobalSecurity.org. He suggested that the X-37B and HTV-2 projects could represent the tip of a space weapons program hidden within the Pentagon's secret "black budget," or they might be nothing more than smoke and mirrors.

"The whole issue is further complicated because beyond technologies like lasers, Rods from God, explosives, etc.... virtually any object traveling in space can be a weapon if it can be maneuvered to run into another object," Johnson-Freese told SPACE.com.

Of course, the U.S. military could theoretically make good use of either the X-47B or HTV-2. An operational space plane could launch quickly as a replacement for recon satellites disabled in the opening salvoes of a conflict, and could "play hide and seek" to avoid being shot down easily. Similarly, a hypersonic aircraft or weapon might allow the U.S. to eliminate threats early on without warning.

The double-edged nature of space technologies has also complicated international efforts to ban entire classes of technologies which might serve as space weapons. Instead, there has been interest in "more modest proposals that focus on behavior, rather than what you are allowed to build or test," said Karl Mueller, a political scientist at the RAND Corporation.

http://www.space.com/businesstechnology/space-war-weapons-heats-up-100505.html
...
In U.S. military tracking parlance, when the space plane reached orbit it became identified as Catalog Number 36514, 2010-015A, OTV-1 (USA 212). [Video: X-37B space plane spotted.]

A second X-37B is now being fabricated for a test mission scheduled for 2011.

X-37B is being operated under the direction of Air Force Space Command's 3rd Space Experimentation Squadron, a space control unit located at Schriever Air Force Base in Colorado.

If the incoming space plane strays off its auto-pilot trajectory over the Pacific Ocean, the craft is outfitted with a destruct mechanism.

http://ww.space.com/news/secret-x-37-b-space-plane-spotted-by-amateur-astronomers-100522.html
...
Others have pictured it too. The sightings show that the spaceplane only flies as far north as 40 degrees latitude. And now that the cat is out of the bag, you can get predictions for viewing X-37B yourself at Heavens Above.

http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/Cool-Astronomy/2010/0526/Amateur-astronomers-track-the-US-Air-Force-s-top-secret-X-37B-space-plane
...
But I have concluded that it is based on a few people making a lot of money and gaining power. It is about ego. It is not about our essence and who we really are on this planet and loving each other and being at peace and cooperating. It isn't about using technology to solve problems and heal people in the planet. It isn't about that. It is about a few people who really are playing an old, dangerous, costly game for their own pocketbooks and power struggle. That is all it is.

I believe that this entire space-based weapons game is initiated right here in the United States of America. What I hope is that with this information that is being disclosed, the new administration will to do what is right. That is to transform the war game into a space game so that we use the technologies that are available not just as spin-offs of war technology, but as direct technological applications to build a cooperative space system that will benefit the entire world and that will allow us to communicate with the extraterrestrial cultures that are obviously out there.

Who would benefit from these space-based weapons? They are the people who work in that arena, people in the military, in industries, in universities and labs, in the intelligence community. This is not just in the United States but it is worldwide. This is a worldwide cooperative system. Wars are cooperative. Just as peace will be when it breaks out. But right now there are a lot of people benefiting.

http://www.rense.com/general50/ec.htm
...

- "El Yunque" is the only Rain Forest of the U.S. Forest System. There is a "secret" millitary base in this forest and access to the area is forbidden. Many people consider this base as the "Area 51" the Caribbean. I have talked to people that have tried to get near the base and all of a sudden armed millitary personnel threatens them that they are allowed to shoot anyone that intents to go into this base. This is an area of major U.F.O. activity and many people have seen reptilian alien in the surroundings of the forest. In fact, the famous "Chupacabra" was first seen there.

- Puerto Rico is one of the key areas for the HAARP Project. In fact, the largest Radio Telescope in the world is in the island. This is the center for Ionosferic studies.

All this and much more is happening on this little island that the whole world has had interests on. Even Nazi Germany was going to invade Puerto Rico during the 2nd. World War. I can go on and on with much more data on this matter. I suggest you research on the internet about the island of Puerto Rico and you will find a place where the New World Order has its boots over and it's little know by most researchers.

http://www.hiddenmysteries.org/conspiracy/facts/puertorico.html
...
HAARP would be constructed at auroral latitudes in Alaska. A unique feature of the research facility would be a high power high- frequency radio transmitter with the capability of rapidly steering a narrow beam of energy toward a designated region of the sky. Similar, though less capable, research facilities exist today at many locations throughout the world and are operated routinely for the purpose of scientific investigation of the ionosphere. In the US such systems are located at Arecibo, Puerto Rico and Fairbanks, Alaska. Other installations are at Tromso, Norway; Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod and Apatity, Russia; Kharkov, Ukraine and Dushanbe, Tadzhikistan. None of these existing systems, however, have the combination of frequency capability and beam steering agility required to perform the experiments planned for HAARP.

A congressionally initiated effort, HAARP is being managed cooperatively by the Air Force and Navy. The Air Force is responsible for oversight of the environmental process, site acquisition, and implementation of scientific instruments associated with the facility. The Navy is responsible for procurement of the primary contract to design and construct the high power, high-frequency radio transmitter. Users of the HAARP research facility would include civilian entities such as universities and the National Science Foundation (NSF) as well as military agencies such as the Air Force, Navy, and Advanced Research Programs Agency (ARPA).

"A key goal of the program {HAARP} is the identification and investigation of those ionospheric processes and phenomena that can be exploited for DoD purposes, such as outlined below.

Geophysical probing to identify and characterize natural ionospheric processes ... so that techniques can be developed to mitigate or control them.

Generation of ionospheric lenses to focus large amounts of HF energy ... thus providing a means for triggering ionospheric processes that potentially could be exploited for DoD purposes.

Electron acceleration for the generation of IR (infrared) and other optical emissions ... that could be used to control radio wave propagation properties.

Generation of geomagnetic-field aligned ionization to control the reflection/scattering properties of radio waves.

Oblique heating to produce effects on radio wave propagation at great distances from the heater, thus broadening the potential military applications of ionospheric enhancement technology.

Generation of ionization layers below 90 km to provide radio wave reflectors ("mirrors") which can be exploited for long range, over-the-horizon, HF/VHF/UHF surveillance purposes ....

http://www2.fiu.edu/~mizrachs/HAARP.html
...
This document included 10 attached ones. H.R. 672, “Puerto Rico Conservation Act” that obtains it in 15 USC 3710a that obtains it www.findlaw.com... to the eyelash for Legal Proffessionals, UScode. This it authorizes in 15 USC 3710a (6) (a) that operates the National Administration of Nuclear Security in carso boricua and that by means of the Weapon Production Facility of the Department of Energy operates producing, proving, maintaining or dismantling nuclear weapons or their components. Attached the 3 are the diagram presented/displayed by High Active Aureoral Research Project, HAARP, that Arecibo included, Puerto Rico `18 of October of 1993 and the 4 are the main patent of HAARP, patent number 4.686.605 that to its end expresses that this technology can reproduce the effects of a nuclear weapon. Attached the 5 and Dynamics is the document of CEDAR “Coupling Energetic of Atmospheric Regions”. This people describe the experiments with the ionosphere from Arecibo to the present decade. They admit that the Department of Defense of the USA and the National Science Foundation are part of their Interagencial Committee. I included the communication that offered Thomas P.D'Agostino, Administrator of the National Administration of Nuclear Security before the Congress of the USA the 27 of March of 2007, where complaint of which its program “Reliable Replacement Warhead Project” does not guarantee that the present nuclear weapons of the USA are functional, that are the only country with nuclear capacity without a facility to produce them and asks for a new place to test and nonconventional nuclear weapons nuclear that will be ready for year 2030. Also I included the H.R. 2383 “for Safety Americans from Nuclear Weapons Testing Act” submissive by the National Administration of Security Nuclear and been the 17 of May of 2007 before the Congress the USA in which also they request a new place to test nuclear. 

They present/display to us like a project of conservation in H.R. 672 of which it is an authorization to operate in Puerto Rico a facility to produce nuclear weapons. Attached the 10 Associate is a Study of Title of Property 42.849 enrolled in Tomo 976 to page 50 from the Registry of the Property of the Free State, Registry of Arecibo, in which the Government of the USA grouped 7 property acquired in the District Hope of Arecibo by means of the diz National Science Foundation that with scientific aims simultaneously that say to us that the “radar” goes away. They must know that the Government of the USA emitted a proposal of construction of facilities in the National Atmospheric Ionospheric Center, NAIC that is in Arecibo, Puerto Rico by the amount of 70 million dollars for new facilities to be constructed from the 2005 to the 2010. They obtain it in: translate.google.com... 

The last year in this Committee we denounced for the first time that the United States elaborates a strategy to violate the Treaty of nonProliferation of Nuclear weapons by means of presenting/displaying legislation of environmental nature whose aim is to authorize a facility for the production of nuclear weapons. The last year such intention seted out in H.R. 1644, “Puerto Rico Karst Conservation Act”. This year continues in H.R. 672. Attached 1. These aims are reached by means of the inclusion of 15 USC 3710a. Attached 2. In Arecibo Arecibo National Ionospheric Center locates (NAIC). This instrument is used like an ionospheric heating engineer. 

The installed ionospheric heating engineer in Arecibo registers itself in annals of science from the 1974. He pretends that the use of the “Radar” is with civil aims, nevertheless, the Department of Defense included to Arecibo in his request of “Environmental Impact Statement” page 10-127 of Volume II, been the 18 of October of 1993 like part of Project HAARP. (Attached 3) 

Project HAARP (High Active Aureoral Research Program) protests that it is a method and apparatus to manipulate a region of the atmosphere, the ionosphere and the magnetosfera. HAARP derives from several patents of the Government of the United States of which we are going to make specific reference to Patent 4.686.605 approved in favor of the Dr Bernard Eastlund the 11 of August of 1987. Attached 4. In this Patent of the Government of the United States direct reference to Arecibo like the place becomes from which manipulations of the ionosphere like preliminary studies and for aims of Project HAARP are made. And project HAARP protests that it is part of the system of anti-missile defense, that allows to cut the communications, to eliminate the communications of the adversaries, allows the energy production, to interrupt the flights of missiles, to destroy a missile since its activation begins, to destroy an invading ship, to modify the climate, to make connections of communications with submarines, or underground, and to make computadorizada tomografía of the Earth to locate its wealth, among other uses. But the fundamental part of Patent 4.686.605 is its last paragraph. In he himself one calls to each other: “Still to further, plumes in accordance with this invention and/or dog be formed to simulate perform the same functions nuclear ace performed by the detonation of to “heave” type device without actually having to detonate such to device.” Eastlund demands that the uses of their invention are varied, of long reach and utility that include the production of nuclear energy imitating an atomic pump without having to detonate it. The participation of Arecibo, with its Ionospheric Center has been continuous and limitless throughout the decades of the 70, 80, 90 of the last century, as well as it is it to the present one for those aims. When it studies Arecibo in the cyberspace, this one appears including in CEDAR, “Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions” which is a description of the continuation of the experiments with the ionosphere. Attached 5. The NAIC, as well as the project CEDAR is in the cársica zone of Puerto Rico, that by chance also comprises of Patent 4.686.605 and it is as well the zone that comprises of “Puerto Rico Karst Conservation Act” and for which is developed an authorization to operate a facility to produce nuclear weapons. 

http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread537968/pg1
...
Although scientists who operate the fabulous Arecibo Radio Observatory have always denied the existence of UFO phenomena and the possibility that beings from other planets of the Cosmos may be visiting Earth, the truth is that they have covertly participated in investigations related to the UFO subject. Evidence of this is found in an official internal memo of the State Civil Defense Agency of Puerto Rico, known today as the Puerto Rico Emergency Management Agency. 

In a memo dated October 1991, its then director, Colonel José A. M. Nolla stated flatly that personnel from the Arecibo Radio Observatory were participating in a secret study. Several U.S. military and security agencies along with several Puerto Rican state government agencies were investigating the high incidence of all types of UFO and alien related events affecting Puerto Rico between 1991 and 1992. The memo indicated emphatically that what was happening in Puerto Rico was real. This remark directly contradicts public statements made by scientists and technicians at the Arecibo Radio Observatory, asserting that there is no such thing as the UFO phenomenon or alien-related incidents.

As a matter of fact, there have been a series of very significant events in the Observatory area -- events that indicate that unidentified flying objects or those who control them are closely monitoring the activities and research being conducted at the facility.

***haarp induced 'mirror' in ionoshere?

http://www.iraap.org/Martin/UFOs_Arecibo.htm
...
http://commons.emich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1157&context=theses

!!!!somebody mirror this please!!!!!
...

Following up on and keeping pace with HARP technology is a ponderous and monumental task. Most analysts feel that there is more to the bizarre freak weather anomaly causing such devastation across Russia, China & Pakistan/Kashmir. Almost every year there are strange and focused disastrous weather anomalies causing untold destruction and damage and all have been “anomalies” and freak weather conditions.
1) We have seen Hurricanes
2) We have seen Earthquakes target Pakistani Azad Kashmir
3) We have seen Landslides
4) We have seen Tsunamis target Indonesia
5) We are now seeing another phase of floods targeting Pakistan
HAARP must be looked into. There are some of the few article on http://www.HAARP.net
It is poignant to read Angels Don’t Play this HAARP: Advances in Tesla
Dr. Nick Begich and Jeane Manning have written a prodigious article titled “The Military’s Pandora’s Box“.
This article was prepared to provide a summary of the contents of a book written in 1995 which describes an entirely new class of weapons. The weapons and their effects are described in the following pages. The United States Navy and Air Force have joined with the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, to build a prototype for a ground based “Star Wars” weapon system located in the remote bush country of Alaska.

http://www.daily.pk/is-the-cia-playing-the-haarp-in-pakistan-19785/

***highly recommend Nick begich's angels don't play this haarp if you've not read it's a must ... Though it's only the start ...
...

HAARP is often confused with Project HARP, the High Altitude Research Project (a joint project of The Pentagon and the Canadian Department of National Defence).

The High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) is an investigation project to "understand, simulate and control ionospheric processes that might alter the performance of communication and surveillance systems." Started in 1993, the project is proposed to last for a period of twenty years.

http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/High-Frequency-Active-Auroral-Research-Program
...
http://www.thelivingmoon.com/45jack_files/03files/CARE_Charged_Aerosol_Release_Experiment.html

!!!must read!!!
...
India is also adapting its microwave technology for deterrence. Their 'Kali - 5000" (kilo-ampere linear injector) is being adapted for use against an aggressor's planes and missiles. Research on an array of shield and "Ray Wars" projects are underway at research centers at Chandigarh, Bangalore, and Bhabha. (Why can't the U.S. be this open and honest about its projects -- everyone in the world knows about HAARP except the American people.)

At any rate, Delhi feels it prudent to develop defenses against the Beijing-Globalist axis. And it doesn't take a conspiracy theorist to see that the United States, whether under Clinton or Bush, cannot be relied on to thward Bejing's increasingly clear aggressive designs, should the PLA feel confident enough to drop its current Sun-Tzu-Leninist-Zhouist subversion and begin overt military aggression or intimidation.

India's beam weapon 'Kali-5000'

MUMBAI - The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (Barc) here is in the final stages of assembling a powerful electron accelerating machine named
''Kali-5000`` which, its scientists say, can potentially be used as a beam weapon.

According to scientists, ''soft killing`` by high power microwaves has
advantages over the so called laser weapon which destroys by drilling
holes through metal.

Kali-5000 will be ready for testing by the end of this year, according to
Mr P H Ron, head of the accelerator and pulse power division at Barc and
chief designer of India`s first star wars 

He said Kali (kilo-ampere linear injector) machine was developed for
industrial applications and that the defence use was a recent spinoff. He,
however, declined to elaborate.

Describing it as a machine ''bordering basic research,`` Atomic Energy
Commission Chairman Rajagopalan Chidambaram admitted in an interview that it has military potential. ''There are some technologies we have to be in
touch with because they may become useful (later),`` he said.

Development of the Kali machine was mooted in 1985 by Dr Chidambaram, then director of Barc, but work earnestly began in 1989.

According to Barc scientists, a microwave power of 150 megawatts has already been demonstrated in earlier versions of Kali.

http://www.defence.pk/forums/india-defence/59678-auroral-arms-race-india-plays-catch-up-against-beijing-us-emp-haarp.html
...
Here is a throwaway line that I just read:
 
"The deployment of a Navy destroyer in the Sea of Japan will coincide with the U.S. military's plan to put on alert several ground-based interceptor missiles at Fort Greely, Alaska, by September."
 
Why does the destroyer 'coincide' with the missiles? Because the destroyer does the targeting for the missiles.
 
And why are the missiles there?
 
Not because of North Korea - but because they are the defense against Russia and China for the new Alaskan 225 Antenna HAARP Range that is to come on-line in October.
 
And why does the US say to China - "We are not going to let you go to the moon"?
 
Because that is the High Ground that could knock out the HAARP Range?
 
And why would Russia or China want to knock out the HAARP Range?
 
Because he who controls HAARP controls the world. Literally - not figuratively. By that I don't mean that they control it militarily. By that I don't mean that they control it economically. By that I don't mean that they control it socially. By that I don't mean that they control it monetarily. By that I mean that they control it literally, because they would control the weather.
 
He who controls the weather - also controls the world, militarily, economically, socially, monetarily, completely.
 
With HAARP they are supposed to be able to affect the Ionosphere and move the jet streams about at will - determining drought or floods wherever desired in the world.

One man's flood causes another man's drought. (You stole all the rain out of our clouds!) Boy! Want to make the world mad at you - control the weather.
 
But aside from that little side effect - the Russians and Chinese greatest fear is that the US is about to make a technological breakthrough that will allow it to control the world - in every way- and once it is in place - there will be no stopping it.

http://www.rense.com/general50/hrp.htm
...
Historic background of EM weapons

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/scalar_tech/esp_scalarweapon.htm

***great read...

...

History...

History of Modification of the Ionosphere by Radio Waves

The Luxembourg effect

In the early 1930s a high power radio broadcasting station was built in Luxembourg. Tellegen (1933) reported that the modulation of the Luxembourg station could be heard in the background of a programme transmitted from Beromunster and received at Eindhoven. Soon after, Bailey and Martyn (1934) suggested that the effect was caused by the powerful Luxembourg transmitter modifying the radio propagation characteristics of the ionosphere. When the Beromunster signal passed through this region its propagation was affected by the modified ionospheric conditions, and in this way amplitude modulation from the Luxembourg signal was transferred to the Beromunster signal.

The ionosphere as a plasma laboratory

The Luxembourg effect became known as cross-modulation, and scientists began to explore the possibilities of utilising high power radio waves in controlled ionospheric experiments. This was the beginning of employing modification of the ionosphere to complement plasma experiments in the laboratory. Bailey and Goldstein were among the first to suggest this, when in 1958 they suggested the use of radio waves near the electron gyrofrequency to control electron temperatures. Many other experiments were suggested, for example, Ginzburg and Gurevich (1960) suggested modification of the F-region ionosphere.
Ionospheric heating

The early modification experiments were concerned with using high power radio waves to produce small changes in ionospheric properties, such as collision rates, and then investigating how this affected the propagation of low power diagnostic waves. From these experiments developed ionospheric heating, where the high power radio wave was employed to produce large scale electron temperature enhancements. Showen (1972) found enhanced electron temperatures in measurements taken from the Arecibo incoherent scatter radar, when utilising a high power 40 MHz wave to modify the ionosphere. Experiments like this demonstrated that ionospheric modification was possible and paved the way for modification facilities such as those at Arecibo in Puerto Rico, Tromso in Norway, and Fairbanks in Alaska.
References

Bailey, V.A. and L. Goldstein, Control of the ionosphere by means of radio waves, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 12, 216, 1938
Bailey, V.A. and D.F. Martyn, Influence of electric waves in the ionosphere, Phil. Mag., 23, 369, 1934

Ginzburg, V.L. and A.V. Gurevich, Nonlinear phenomena in a plasma located in an alternating electromagnetic field, Usp. Fiz. Nauk. (USSR), 201, 70; Sov. Phys. Ups. (English translation), 3, 115 and 175, 1960

Showen, R.L., Artificial Heating of the Lower Ionosphere, J. Geophys.Res., 77,1923-1933, 1972

Tellegen, B.D.H., Interaction between radio waves?, Nature, 131, 840,1933

http://ion.le.ac.uk/heating/history_of_rf_heating.html

3

This is the birth of the Haarp program 

There are six Automated Geophysical Observatories (AGO) in the United States Antarctic Program.  The six AGO locations were chosen very carefully to observe the interaction of the earth’s magnetosphere with the solar wind and permit simultaneous observations before noon, after noon, pole-ward and equator-ward.  The data that is gathered permits comparing perturbations in cosmic ray flux, the magnetosphere, and the radio spectrum.  Propagation rates can be determined and a model of upper atmospheric interaction can be built.  The information gained from the AGO program contributes to the body of basic knowledge about our planet.

!!!!!AGO Preseason Preparation in Denver
 
The AGO Project Manager is a full-time Raytheon employee and is responsible for planning and preparing for upcoming AGO field seasons.  The Project Manager will plan a budget, order supplies and repair parts, upgrade equipment and meet with the scientists involved with the AGO project.  The Project Manager is the Raytheon point of contact for AGO matters.!!!!!!!

http://space.augsburg.edu/ago/manuals/Science/ARBV1.doc
...
 SOUTH POLE FACILITIES HISTORY 1975-90

http://www.southpolestation.com/trivia/history.txt

... 

This three-year program will study radio waves generated by the HAARP transmitter in Alaska. We expect some waves to be ducted along the earth’s magnetic field lines – propagating out beyond five times the earth’s radius and returning to earth at a remote location in the South Pacific Ocean.

These waves will propagate through several important physical layers beyond the earth’s atmosphere. By operating a receiver at the magnetic conjugate point where the waves are most likely to return to earth, we will develop significant scientific understanding of those layers and the processes that affect them.

Unfortunately, the HAARP conjugate point falls half-way between New Zealand and Antarctica above a tempestuous ocean 5400 meters deep. Wave heights greater than forty feet are not uncommon!

Please explore this web site and learn more about how we will tackle the challenge of operating a sensitive VLF radio receiver in such an environment and meeting our goal of successful unattended operation for two years.

http://www-star.stanford.edu/~vlf/buoy/
...
http://www-star.stanford.edu/~vlf/buoy/Documents/feasibilityStudyReport.pdf
...
http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/archivos_pdf/probing_with_HAARP.pdf
...
(i would mirror the pdf's above)

***this piece of information is VERY important...

After the terrorist attacks of 9/11, however, the military found a new use for HAARP. In 2002, a panel headed by Anthony Tether, the director of DARPA, recommended that the facility be used to study ways to counter the effects of a high-altitude nuclear detonation, which would release energetic electrons that could cripple low-Earth satellites.

Electrons are produced naturally in this region when the solar wind, a stream of energetic particles flowing from the Sun, slams into the magnetic envelope that protects Earth. The planet has its own self-cleaning mechanism to rid itself of the particles: it eventually dumps them lower into the atmosphere through natural auroras and lightning. Scientists are now looking at whether they can accelerate this process by creating 'whistler' waves, which would kick the electrons into low enough altitudes — around 100 kilometres — where they would rain out naturally.

It's a Strangelovian scenario that only the Pentagon could dream up: North Korea, in the throes of a military coup, launches a nuclear weapon that explodes 120 kilometres above the Earth. The blast fills the atmosphere with 'killer' electrons that would within days knock out the electronics of all satellites in low-Earth orbit. It would cause hundreds of billions of dollars of damage, and affect military, civilian and commercial space assets.

If this doomsday scenario sounds outlandish, then the possible response may sound even more improbable: injecting radio waves into the atmosphere to force these energetic electrons out of orbit. Yet this is exactly what the US Department of Defense is looking at in a major ionospheric research facility in Alaska.

(again remember VAN ALLEN BELT)

Mitigating the radiation from an atmospheric nuclear detonation would require an entirely new facility, and the technology would be daunting. In 2006, a New Zealand-led group of scientists published a paper3 arguing that any attempt to remediate radiation could lead to worldwide blackouts of high-frequency radio waves, disrupting communications and navigation. And some say that countering such high-altitude nuclear detonations is simply unrealistic. “I think scientific research to better understand Earth's ionosphere is a worthwhile endeavour,” says Philip Coyle, a former associate director of the Livermore laboratory who served as the Pentagon's chief weapons tester during the administration of President Bill Clinton. But, he adds, they don't know how much energy they would need to flush the electrons, or how, ultimately, injecting this much energy would change the ionosphere.

Radiation from solar flares is one area of interest. “These things are really important because it is the radiation coming off the Sun that is the main cause of satellite failure or potential death in human space exploration,” says Michael Kosch, the deputy head of the communication systems department at Lancaster University, UK. Other areas include looking at the processes that cause an aurora — when electrons in the magnetosphere collide with the uncharged particles of the atmosphere, creating the optical emissions often seen as brilliantly coloured lights in the night sky. One of HAARP's most cited accomplishments is the creation of the first artificial aurora visible to the naked eye5. On zapping the ionosphere, HAARP created a green aurora between 100 and 150 kilometres high — in the middle of a natural aurora. “That was something you couldn't predict,” says Michael Kelley, a physicist at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, who has been involved with HAARP.

As HAARP was only finished in 2007, scientists and Pentagon officials involved in the project concede that management issues, such as allocating time at the facility, are still in the formative stages. In fact, one of the most recent HAARP experiments is something that's not likely to show up in the scientific literature at all: an experiment done in January that involved sending radio waves to the Moon and then having amateur radio enthusiasts and a receiving antenna in New Mexico measure the reflected signals. But Papadopoulos says that the experiment was more for the amateur radio community than for scientists.
(childsplay and not on agenda)

At the moment, time at the facility is divided between researcher-directed work, which takes place during 'campaigns' of two to three weeks, and military needs. “It's a fairly complicated situation in which we support new researchers, and new people, by getting them involved in the campaigns, which is relatively cheap,” says Kossey. “Then of course we also fund [military] proposals and contracts that come in under broad agency announcements, in which researchers propose research that is of interest to the various organizations.”

http://www.nature.com/news/2008/080423/full/452930a.html

...

One of the stunning "data points" we discovered about half-way through our Spiral investigation totally locks in now with Farrell's "out of the box" Bond comparison--

"... that [movie, extraterrestrial] society has a secret space program and is using it to interfere with Russian and American space launches (shades of the recent collision of an American and Russian satellite in orbit above the earth), and to bring the two nations to the brink of war ...."


It turns out that the EISCAT HAARP facility in northern Norway -- which, as we have now established, was likely involved, somehow, in the generation of the Spiral -- also has a direct, provable connection to this proposed "larger war"; after the mysterious "accidental" satellite collision in early 2009, between the Iridium 33 spacecraft and the old Soviet Union's Cosmos 2251 that Farrell alludes to (above), it turns out that EISCAT was the central HAARP facility used in the subsequent radar detection and cataloguing of the orbital debris from that collision (below)!

The Spiral itself.

Which, according to the evidence we have uncovered and presented here, was more than likely now caused by HAARP ... deliberately (for some reason ...) applying "Hyperdsimensional/Torsion Field Physics" to a Russian missile ....

A Physics whose central icon , representing the underlying mathematics of THAT "multi-dimensional Physics," is a unique geometric figure termed--

The "Schalfli Double-Six"--

Appearing in our three dimensions as "a rotating ... four-dimensional ... Hyperdimensional Tetrahedron" ....

"... when I saw those photographs and movies of the spiral in the sky over Norway I knew right away what it was. Especially when I saw the blue spiral going up towards the huge white one. We saw that when they 'tested' the heater [in Alaska] on the flats.

"You [sic] got to understand how this thing works. It's kind of a two stage thing. The first stage is where they send increasing power through the antennae farm which is really a phased array. The antennae are all sending out a powerful signal on the same frequency but they are all slightly at a different phase ...

"Anyway the next phase is when they send up the very low frequency transmission. This is the blue spiral. You can actually see the individual waves, or spirals, because it is what is called an "extremely low frequency" bandwidth. A complete cycle at this low a frequency can be miles long. That's what you see. It makes the atmosphere glow blue. You can see it at night [emphasis added] ...."

Strong evidence that HAARP, indeed, "took over" this Russian Bulava missile ... in mid-flight--

Via a torsion force -- created by the intense interaction of the HAARP EM radiation and the plasma gyrations created in the ionosphere as a direct result of that intense, beamed RF radiation--

Conditions ideal, as published in the open scientific literature, for creating highly-energetic, resonant torsion-field effects (below) ....

The conclusion that everyone has jumped to -- with the striking exception of the Russians themselves -- that, somehow, the Russians caused The Spiral--

Well, that's a "leap too far" ....

We can now report, based on analysis of the extensive imaging evidence reported via the Norwegian press, that The Norway Spiral was NOT primarily caused by "a failed Russian missile test ...."

But--

The failed Russian rocket could, in fact, have been caused by whatever forces "created the Norway Spiral ...."

http://fgportugal.blogspot.com/2010/02/feb-4-nobel-torsion-message-over-norway.html

!!!please read entire article!!!

...

" ... in near future, the current EISCAT IS radars will be replaced by a new radar system consisting of multiple phased array antennas in northern Scandinavia will also be upgraded making it possible to design new heating experiments and therefore providing a 3D view of the ionosphere at high latitudes. The EISCAT Heating [emphasis added] ...."

In other words, with these upgrades the EISCAT facility -- in cooperation with other parts of "the northern Scandinavian HAARP antenna network" (below) -- could combine its beams ... and also project them (via their "phased array" technoloogy) considerably off-axis ... towards the horizon.

Which, of course, is exactly the direction from which the Norway Spiral initially appeared ... southeast of EISCAT, just over that pre-dawn horizon ... as viewed from the geometric center of this (now operational) "northern Scandinavian HAARP Interferometer (above) ...."

The same direction that our own analysis has strongly indicated an EISCAT experiment could, indeed, have caused such a spectacular phenomenon -- that another, totally independent geographic analysis has also now confirmed.

Over the eastern end of Russia's Kola Peninsula -- just north of the White Sea (below)--

http://fgportugal.blogspot.com/2010/02/feb-4-nobel-torsion-message-over-norway.html

...

EISCAT Radar School 2010

30th August - 4th September 2010
Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory

In the near future the EISCAT Scientific Association will face a major instrumental upgrade with the ESFRI Roadmap project "EISCAT_3D: A European Three-Dimensional Imaging Radar for Atmospheric and Geospace Research."
EISCAT, in co-operation with the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, will run a training course for new users of the EISCAT radars, from 30th August to 4th September, 2010 (Monday to Saturday). The training course will be held at Sodankylä, where one of the EISCAT UHF remote sites is located.

http://www.sgo.fi/Events/RS2010/

...

EISCAT_3D is a project led by EISCAT Scientific Association. 
The planned radar facility consists of several large active phased-array antenna transmitter/receiver sites and multiple passive sites located in Norway, Finland and Sweden and comprising tens of thousands individual antenna elements. When it has been built, EISCAT_3D will be capable of making measurements from the upper stratosphere to the magnetosphere and beyond, contributing to basic, environmental and applied science that underpins the use of space by contemporary society.

http://www.eiscat3d.se/

!!!...like I've said the code of this technology has been join or compromised regardless of patents or any other complication, like 'international treaties' to not harm this planet!!! 

...

Sura Facility 
HAARP Like Facility 
Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia 
+56° 7' 9.70", +46° 2' 3.66" 
...
São Luiz Space Observatory(RESCO) 
HAARP Like Facility 
Cruzeiro Santa Bárbara, Sao Luis-MA, Brasil
-2° 35' 40.47", -44° 12' 35.90" 
...
Millstone Hill Radio Observatory 
EISCAT Like Facility 
Westford, Massachusetts 
+42° 37' 09.25", -71° 29' 28.49" 
...
Platteville Atmospheric Observatory 
HAARP Like Facility 
+40° 10' 54", -104° 43' 30" 
Colorado
...
High Power Auroral Stimulation Observatory 
HIPAS 
Fairbanks Alaska 
64° 52' 19" N 146° 50' 33" W 
...
European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association 
EISCAT 
Ramfjordmoen, Near Tromsø, Norway 
+69° 35' 10.94", +19° 13' 20.89" 
...
Nerc MST Radar Facility 
NMRF 
HAARP Like Facility 
+52° 25' 28.26", -4° 00' 19.59" 
Capel Dewi, Carmarthenshire, Wales, United Kingdom 
near Aberystwyth, Wales, UK 
...
National MST Radar Facility 
NMRF 
HAARP Like Facility 
+13° 27' 26.68", +79° 10' 30.74" 
Gadanki, near Tirupati, in southern Andra Pradesh, India 
...
Jicamarca Radio Observatory 
HAARP Like Facility 
Lima, Peru 
11° 57' 04.82" S 78° 52' 27.43" W 
...
Jindalee Operational Radar Network 
JORN 
JP 2025 
Laverton, West Australia 
-28° 19' 36.29", +122° 0' 18.84" 
...
Jindalee Operational Radar Network 
JORN 
Longreach, Queensland, Australia 
-23° 39' 29.53", +144° 8' 49.58" 
...
Poker Flat Research Range 
Near Chatanika, Alaska 
+65° 7' 23.90", -147° 28' 7.05" 
...
URDF-3 (Unidentified Research and Development Facility-3) 
Baikal-1, Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan 
50°10'12.69"N, 78°22'36.84"W 
...
Strange Towers in a Russian Forest 
Tesla Generators 
Sychëvka, Moskovskaya Oblast' (Russia) 
+55°55'26.15"N,36°49'10.97" 
...
The Russian Woodpecker 
Duga Radar Array, Chenobyl, Ukraine 
51°18'20.17"N, 30°04'02.60"E 
...
China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation (CRIRP) 
HAARP Like Facility 
Ionospheric Laboratory 
Ionospheric Laboratory, Xinjiang (Sinkiang) Region 
40°24'15.91"N, 93°38'09.74"E 
...
Zhong Shan Antarctic Polar Station (China) 
69º 22' 23.63" S 76º 22' 19.11" E 
...
Sheshan, Shanghai, China 
EISCAT Like Facility 
31°5′41.98″N, 121°11′29.72″E 
...
Harold E. Holt Naval Communication Station
Austraila(NW) 
-21° 48' 59.00", +114° 9' 56.00" 
...
ALWIN MST Radar 
Andøya, Norway
+69° 17' 54.41", +16° 2' 31.48" 
...
The Andoya Imaging Riometer for Ionospheric Studies 
AIRIS 
+69° 8' 45.60", +16° 1' 44.40" 
...
Capel Dewi, Carmarthenshire, Wales, United Kingdom 
near Aberystwyth, Wales, UK 
+52° 25' 28.26", -4° 00' 19.59" 
...
http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread504701/pg1

***need to add a few to this list...

...

Editor's Note: Many articles have been written about HAARP. What this author wishes to make clear is that he believes HAARP is not the actual facility designed to be used as a military system but a "front" or "red herring" facility which allows the authorities to deny important questions about its purpose and operation. The real facility is located in Poker Flats, North of Fairbanks, Alaska. Please read the Congressional Executive Summary which is provided here in full for the truth.

Albert Einstein's theories of relativity and the development of atomic energy are seen as the pinnacles of Twentieth Century technology. But Bernard Eastlund's discoveries, when they are eventually disclosed, will render many of Einstein's innovations obsolete.

You've probably never heard of Bernard Eastlund. If the US military has their way, you probably won't. He's a very private physicist with a small company in Houston. In the mid-80's, Eastlund invented and patented a technology that will nevertheless reshape our lives, for better or for worse, whether we like it or not.

The photograph was eventually believed to be an ELF (an acronym for Extremely Low Frequency) antenna installation, designed for submarine communication. There is one almost identical to the photograph in Michigan. Since our anonymous informants seemed to be so knowledgeable, we were curious about their claims of a "death ray" installation located somewhere in Alaska. Our informants directed our attention to something called HAARP (High Frequency Active Aurora Ionospheric Research Program).

HAARP is a military project based on Eastlund's discoveries. It is a technically difficult program to discuss with non-scientists and, as such, it has eluded the spotlight of the popular press. In addition, HAARP has been maintained partially as a clandestine project, operated by the US Navy. The information that is made available to the public is carefully worded to make HAARP appear as a bland, harmless, unclassified, atmospheric research facility.

This public image is maintained, in part, through a website, complete with a reassuring, updated, digital photograph, showing dozens of motionless aluminum dipole antennae at their remote Alaskan base. Public statements speak about "better understanding the ionosphere," a layer of Earth's atmosphere about 60-90 Km. high. They are polite when questioned, but stick to their "harmless research" stories, despite contradictions in the press and in publicly available documents. In preparation for this article, ViewZone contacted HAARP. Not only did they deny that the facility was doing military work, but they also diminished the work of Dr. Eastlund, implying that he knew very little about his own discovery.

Eventually everyone will know about Bernard Eastlund and his work. It will someday be taught in schools. His technology will impact every living thing. But this will have to wait for the military, who own his valuable patents, to release Eastlund's work for humane applications. For the time being, this work is buried in the secretive work of HAARP.

http://viewzone2.com/haarp00x.html
...
http://viewzone2.com/photopara.html
...
http://viewzone2.com/haarp11.html

***haarp = applied technology to the highest bidder in multiple areas - military/navy and or research/science.
USA has the eastland patents for the IRI (ionosphere research instrument) which over the planned course of decades of finding the funding between various agencies to conceal the patents and $ and agenda,which subcatagorizes the USA haarp... Norway is next up again with various bidders for funding obviously involving some sort of war agency(Norway spiral-china missle) as well and now they have upgraded one their facilities to be very comparable to the USA haarp, without the complications of the patents issue, but limits in $ so maybe hints the warlike campaigns, But still with a higher agenda because they openly do experiments with the others(USA haarp,sura).
And again sura has shown they have reached beyond what the USA haarp can do with their 2008 upgrades and with funding of course from various institutes across Russia, and once again there is this higher agenda kept secret because they openly do experiments with eiscat and USA haarp as well ...

I'm only scratching the surface here ...
But learning more and more and more ... 



The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) is a revolutionary new low-frequency radio telescope under construction in the outback of Western Australia. It will consist of 512 antenna "tiles", forming a high fidelity imaging array in the 80-300 MHz frequency range. All the hardware for an engineering test bed comprising 32 tiles is currently deployed at site and observations have recently commenced
...

...
New generation antenna tile consisting of 16 cross dipoles
...

...
New 35kVA trailer-mounted, single-phase diesel generator, providing power for the MWA site infrastructure and 32T system.
...

...
New MWA lab at Boolardy, Western Australia
...
!!!very mobile easy to use and upgraded technology!!!

http://www.mwatelescope.org/instrument/index.html

...

The three key projects are detection and characterization of redshifted 21cm neutral hydrogen signals from the Epoch of Reionization, a high sensitivity survey of the dynamic radio sky, and measurements of the Sun and the heliospheric plasma, including constraints on the magnetic field in coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Other science enabled by the MWA includes pulsar studies of various kinds, radio recombination line mapping, and high resolution probes of the local interstellar medium.
For the Epoch of Reionization (EOR), the MWA will have sufficient sensitivity to make a high-SNR measurement of the power spectrum of fluctuations in the 21cm line, and is also expected to detect "holes" in the 21cm emission due to local ionization caused by quasars beyond z=6.5. The primary issue is not raw point-source sensitivity, but instead field of view and control of systematics, which affects the accuracy of foreground removal. The MWA design is highly optimized for these qualities, and holds a strong advantage relative to competing projects in this high-profile research area.

Other than the main science goals, additional opportunities exist for scientific results in topics such as the study of pulsars, recombination lines and the interstellar medium.

http://www.mwatelescope.org/science/index.html
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http://www.mwatelescope.org/info/news/news_2009-1.html
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http://www.mwatelescope.org/info/documents.html
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http://www.mwatelescope.org/info/contacts.html
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!!!!!!The MWA project sponsors include the US National Science Foundation (Division of Astronomical Sciences, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, and the MPS Office of Multidisciplinary Activities), the Department of Education, Science and Training in Australia, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Australian Research Council.
Funding is also provided through institutional contributions from the Australian National University, the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, MIT Haystack Observatory, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, the University of Western Australia, the University of Melbourne, Curtin University of Technology, and the Raman Research Institute of India.
Additional research support is provided by Swinburne University of Technology, the University of Sydney, University of Tasmania and University of Washington.

http://www.mwatelescope.org/info/acknowledge.html
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!!!!!Remote!!!!! ionization by a short pulse laser beam propagating in the atmosphere

Self-focusing of high power, short laser pulses is considered for the purpose of identifying physical parameters that allow a remotely controllable ionization in the atmosphere. The propagation equation including diffraction, group velocity dispersion, Kerr nonlinearity and bound electrons effects is derived. A Lagrange density describing the propagation equation depending on a general pulse amplitude is presented for a propagation regime in the absence of ionization and plasma defocusing. Lagrange equations for beam parameters are determined and solved for a particular ansatz describing a chirped Gaussian beam with a curvature function. It is demonstrated that nonlinear effects not only cause transverse focusing but also temporally enhance the group velocity dispersion. A mutual interrelation between the pulse power, curvature, and chirp parameters is derived explicitly. Moreover, the location where the pulse self-focuses is addressed within the limits on the propagation distance along which the beam shape and the initial symmetry are preserved. Thus, a complete analytical structure of remote ionization is underlined.
© 2008 American Institute of Physics

http://pop.aip.org/resource/1/phpaen/v15/i7/p073107_s1?isAuthorized=no

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Electric weather

30 May 2004

Electric Rainmaking Technology Gets Mexico's Blessing 

The brainchild of a fractious group of Russian emigré's, the poles and wires are in fact a network of conductors meant to ionize the air. If the technique is done properly, the thinking goes, the natural current between the earth and the ionosphere is amplified, leading — through a mechanism that is not fully understood — to rainfall. There are now 17 such installations in six states in Mexico, and in January, federal government agencies decided to back construction and operation of 19 more by 2006, potentially altering the weather in much of parched north and central Mexico. Meanwhile, by May, ELAT's competitor Earthwise Technologies Inc., of Mexico City and Dallas, could win the right to establish ionization stations in southwest Texas's water-starved Webb County, which would make it the first such installation in the United States. 

Ionization technology is called either IOLA (ionization of the local atmosphere) by Earthwise or ELAT (electrification of the atmosphere) by the company ELAT. IOLA and ELAT compete with conventional cloud seeding, which — though it also remains scientifically unproven — is used in more than 24 countries and 10 U.S. states. Cloud seeding usually involves dispersing a chemical agent such as silver iodide into cloud formations, which helps ice crystals form, leading, it is thought, to bigger clouds and more precipitation than without seeding. The ionization approach, according to Bissiachi, now ELAT's vice president of R&D and operations, does a similar job but twice over. Ions attract water in the atmosphere, creating the aerosol that produces clouds, and they also charge the dust already in the air, making particles become more attractive nuclei for water droplets, which coalesce and fall to the ground as rain. 

This view accords with a recent report (17 November 2003) in Geophysical Review Letters by Joseph Dwyer of the Florida Institute of Technology, which says that according to conventional theory electrical fields in the atmosphere simply cannot grow large enough to trigger lightning. "The conventional view of how lightning is produced is wrong." And so "the true origin of lightning remains a mystery." 

Summing up all its tests from 2000 to 2002, ELAT and its U.S. and Canadian counterpart Ionogenics, in Marblehead, Mass., claim that ionization led to about double the average historical precipitation stimulating, among other things, a 61 percent increase in bean production in Mexico's central basin in the last three years. Cloud seeding, in comparison, typically claims only a 10-15 percent improvement in rainfall. 

Weather modification technology has always had a hard time standing up to rigorous scientific scrutiny. Ross N. Hoffman, a vice president at Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc. in Lexington, Mass., helped complete a scientific review of cloud seeding, which was released by the U.S. National Research Council, Washington, D.C., in November 2003. It found that even after more than 50 years of use, cloud seeding remained unproven from a scientific standpoint. "[Ionization] faces the same problems cloud seeding does," he says. Among those are uncertainty about the natural variability of precipitation, the inability to accurately measure rainfall,and the need to randomize and replicate experiments. The last is particularly troublesome, since weather modification companies are typically hired to induce rain whenever they can. Randomly turning on or off the system to prove a point is not in the customer's interest, Hoffman notes. 

Comment: If conventional theory fails to explain electrical storms it cannot be used to discount the results of ionization experiments. Instead, conventional theory suffers doubts about its basic plausibility. Weather experts have a limited view of the electrical nature of the Earth and its environment. The "enormous power input" is freely available from the galaxy. That galactic electrical power drives the weather systems on all of the planets and even the Sun. So the ionization experiment is rather like the control gate in a transistor, where a small current into the control gate influences the entire power output of the transistor. This method of weather control should eventually force the critics to think again. 

http://www.holoscience.com/news.php?article=9eq6g3aj

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Murder Of Russian Scientist At US Weapons Lab Sparks 2012 Fears

This GRU report, however, paints a much grimmer picture of Dr. Beloyvan’s death stating that prior to her being killed she had cell phoned her intelligence“contact” at the Russian Consulate in New York from Fermilab stating that she had gained the “information requested” relating to the Americans “inter-dimensional space communication” programme and warned of its “shocking consequences”. 

 “On Tuesday evening, December 8th, CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC), located in Switzerland, “smashed together subatomic particles at the highest energies ever reached by a human-made accelerator” which were then ‘quantumly’ transferred to the massive Partial Reflection Medium-Frequency (MF) Atmospheric Radar Facility located in Ramfjordmoen, Norway, operated by European Incoherent Scatter Facility (EISCAT) radar andionospheric heating scientists who, in turn, work under the supervision of the American High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) that many call one the largest ‘weapons of mass destruction’ ever constructed.

Now upon this ‘quantumly’ transferred high-energy beam being received in Ramfjordmoen, it was then ‘pulsed’ vertically into the upper atmosphere above Norway at 2.43 MHz by their MF Radar antennas which resulted in a ‘spiral’ light display [photo top left] described by Britain’s Daily Mail News Service as: 

“A blue light seemed to soar up from behind a mountain in the north of the country. It stopped mid-air, then began to move in circles. Within seconds a giant spiral had covered the entire sky. Then a green-blue beam of light shot out from its centre - lasting for ten to 12 minutes before disappearing completely. Onlookers describing it as 'like a big fireball that went around, with a great light around it' and 'a shooting star that spun around and around'.”

Following the Americans utilization of the CERN facility to conduct this experiment, and under great International pressure not to do so again, it was moved to the Fermilab complex, which is the World's second largest energy particle accelerator (CERN's Large Hadron Collider is 27 km in circumference).

Important to note about the American “inter-dimensional space communication” programme is the significance of what this report calls the “crop circle component” that both precedes and follows these “experiments”, which according to Dr. Beloyvan’s last report was “achieved again” after the successful“quantum transfer” from Fermilab’s particle accelerator to the United States Air Forces’ top secret X-37B space plane launched on April 23rd , and that was“answered” on May 5th  with the sudden appearance of 2010’s first crop circle near Salisbury, Wiltshire (United Kingdom) depicting one of mankind’s most ancient images of a “winged messenger.” [Photo 3rd left] 

To the full import of Dr. Beloyvan’s final report on these events it cannot be known as a little over 12 hours later, after the appearance of this “winged messenger”crop circle, she was brutally killed taking whatever secrets she did possess with her into the unknown.

What may be extrapolated though from what Dr. Beloyvan did report, and when combined with what else is known about these “experiments”, can, perhaps, be found in the giant crop circle [photo 4th left] that appeared 3 days ago (May 9th) near the ancient Stonehenge complex in Britain depicting an astrological lineup of our Solar Systems Planets along with their geo-magnetic fields as they will be on December 21, 2012.  

http://beforeitsnews.com/story/43/034/Murder_Of_Russian_Scientist_At_US_Weapons_Lab_Sparks_2012_Fears.html
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2.1

KOBE EARTHQUAKE

The Aum science minister, Hideo Marai, a nuclear physicist, regarded as the most intelligent living Japanese, was present at Banjawarn during the scalar fireball events on 28 May 1993. According to David Guyatt, Hideo Murai, (said to have a higher IQ than Einstein) was killed by a Korean with a knife. His last words were "Yudaya", translated as "Judea". This was a codeword. Guyatt claims the assassination was orchestrated by the Yakuza, the feared Japanese crime mafia and that the Aum sect was researching and developing Tesla electromagnetic pulse, earthquake inducing and plasma weapons in remote regions of the world. Murai, was researching EM technology, microwaves, and other EM/ray/wave technology and cosmic X-ray analysis. The Aum sect had a laser device capable of inducing massive earthquakes. An Aum guru claimed on Jan 8 1995 that Japan will be attacked by an earthquake in 1995 and the most likely place was Kobe. It happened on Jan 17 1995, and the epicenter was Hayakawa’s faculty.

According to Robert Sterling the Aum sept military trained its members at Russian bases. They recruited staff at Russia’s best faculty. Boris Yeltsin’s confidante, Oleg Lobov arranged this and helped Aum recruits scientists into the cult, and carry out espionage. This Russia-Japan college is financed by Japan’s Liberal Democrat Party. According to Sterling, Aum had amassed a great fortune, and recruited thousands of followers including Russian scientists and many technical people in the Soviet Far East. They were working on genetically manipulating biological anti-toxins, plasma technology and experimenting with brainwaves. Hideo Murai was a scientific genius and said on radio, that he was familiar with scalar and Tesla weapons and the he could shield Aum members from EM weaponry. Before the massive earthquake, with the near exact epicenter at Kobe Steel, Murai’s faculty, there were massive electromagnetic disturbances in the ionosphere for several months before, also for several days prior glowing orange-red and pink lights and spherical forms hovered over the Kobe fault line. Over 5,500 people died. It may have been Russia, or N Korea suggested Ted Daniels, in order to make the prophecy come true, or perhaps an accident at Murai’s earthquake lab. Mason wondered if US had done it for a warning to comply with the NWO and with the threat towards the Exmouth faculty on 28 may 1993, was it tit for tat?

Mason says that the fireballs love flying on 1 May, ironically asking who celebrates that day? However looking at the dates, one can see a pattern: 17 Jan 1995 Kobe "quake", 20 March 1995 Tokyo subway gas attack, 17 April 1995 OK city bombing, 1 May 1995 Perth exploding fireball, 17 July shootdown of TWA Flight 800 off NY/LI. Could the 17th day be a sign of payback Mason asks? He says apart from the gas attacks, there is evidence of scalar weapons for all of these. Mason also writes that the Tokyo gas attack may have named Aum as a patsy. Strangely over 50% of the Japanese Liberal Democratic Party Cabinet flew to N Korea for a week, the day after the subway attack. Mason says there is evidence that the CIA executed the subway gas attack to destabilize the LDP govt.....

...... Sterling blames the Yakuza for 9/11 using technology developed by Aum, though others say it was an inside job, however there is evidence scalar technology was used to topple the WTC buildings - but whose? Mason says that Japanese investigative journalists at www.pelago.com suggest that Aum was a cover for the Japanese govt. to rearm Japan with new Russian weapons systems, and support for this has been given because Japan purchased new frontline jet fighters and bombers and did joint defense exercises between Russia and Japan. Aum has trained with Russian troops. In 1993 and 1994 Shoko Asahara, the Aum leader complained to Australian authorities that himself, and Aum had been subjected to gas and laser attacks. The press suggested that a very influential foreign secret service has been getting at Aum and the Japanese govt. According to David Guyatt in his Tesla Doom Weapons & Aum Shinrikyo found at http://www.copi.com/articles/guyatt/aumi.html yet another Japanese cult is operating throughout all govt. departments and has enormous influence over Japanese foreign policy. It is the militaristic cult called Soka Gakkei, with 15 million members worldwide and massive finances. Every major Japanese business corp is riddled with members. They adhere to the teaching of a 13 century Buddhist monk, who preached a doctrine of "Final War" to be fought against the Christian West and Islamic world........

.....In 1987 a Japanese satellite was launched to detect gamma radiation from Russian and Chinese nuclear tests. They registered a massive pulse of gamma rays emanating from a Soviet satellite, which was radiating the Van Allen belts. The conclusion was that the Russians were engaged in weather engineering, as well as developing a spaceplatform for missile defense and earthquake induction. Hideo Murai, the Aum science minister received this information being one of Japan’s leading X-ray astronomers at the time. The head of Japan’s foreign intelligence sponsored Aum, and hence Murai started his scalar testing in Western Australia. He was about to reveal all, but was killed. According to journalist Jack Amano, in David Guyatt’s article: "It was Hayakawa who decided to purchase the sheep station [in early April 1993], just days prior to the energy event and subsequent ground tremor. Hayakawa's sojourns to Russia reaped rewards: "Aum's Russian scientists had provided detailed designs and the theoretical grounding to develop a technology more powerful even than the ultimate weapon predicted by Asahara. Not least in the Aum efforts, was the acquisition of related US weapons data obtained by hacking into "sensitive US databases. This, with the aid of Japanese government funding, Russian technological know-how and advanced equipment provided by major Japanese transnational corporations, a terrifyingly powerful super-weapon was being constructed in secret."


Excerpt from the chapter:
PINE GAP: AUSTRALIA'S AREA 51 
By Christi Verismo
http://www.angelfire.com/oz/cv/cverismo2e1.html

There are at least ten top secret American facilities in Australia, with the so called ‘Joint Defense Space Research facility’ at Pine Gap, a multi-billion dollar operation, being the most important. Originally Pine Gap was decreed to control and act as a downlink for geosynchronous satellites gathering intelligence, stationed over the Pacific and Asia by the CIA, NSA and NRO. Construction was undertaken solely by American contractors flying in, making it operational by 1970. Large underground facilities are rumored to extend twelve levels below the base. Long tunnels are laid out in a similar pattern to the spokes of a wheel and extend several miles from the center. A secret nuclear reactor is installed in a deep shielded underground chamber. Reportedly, extending five miles below the base is a bore hole containing an ultra low frequency antenna which is apparently used for secret experiments supposedly related to Nicola Tesla's resonance theories, as well as low frequency communications throughout the world. Pine Gap's communication systems are the most sophisticated available, utilizing satellites, microwave, low-frequency and their own dedicated cable to the US They are directly connected to Nurrunga, North West Cape, Geraldton, Australian Defense Signals Directorate in Melbourne, Canberra, Sydney, all CIA and NSA stations, ASIO, SIS and the Australian Defense Science and Technology Organization which deals with UFOs and crash retrievals. Pine Gap has eight white radomes placed near groups of long low buildings. Miles away a double security fence is patrolled by Americans and Australian Police. There is a five mile no fly zone. Pine Gap is now being expanded with a second above ground power station and additional housing for staff of around 1,200 in 1996. The reason : “Asian economic espionage”.

A major NSA defector revealed that US has been carrying out continuous research into electromagnetic propulsion at Pine Gap since 1966, which was originally started in US after the war. Security aspects have included hypnotic and post hypnotic keys planted in personnel prior into acceptance into the project. A man has claimed his father worked on UFOs at Pine Gap. He worked for the FAA in 1970 fixing the programming of mainframe computers. He was one of only two or three in the US who knew whatever program they were installing. During the late 70’s he made several trips to Australia. When his father came to visit, he had a locked briefcase that was chained to him. They were then followed everywhere. His father said he was working on a flying saucer, involved with anti-gravity propulsion, melding the computer elements together for the guidance or stability part of it, underground at Pine Gap.

Pine Gap locals have seen 30 ft wide white disks being unloaded from large US cargo planes at the airports with the USAF emblem on them. Many are seen flying at night. Much furniture has been delivered. An enormous amount of food is apparently stocked in warehouses of what could be a multi-leveled underground city. DR Jean Francois Gille writes that shares put on the market at the same time will cause a world stock market crash. Cash will be worthless and the risks of a global planned confrontation will be high. Underground bases will serve as a place of safety for politicians and international financiers. Plastic cards will be necessary and the setting up of a world government ensuring ‘peace'. Many will be taken to concentration camps. Our new ‘Masters’ have the alien’s support that they have made alliances with. William Cooper says all the CIA Directors and Secretaries of State were all members of the Council on Foreign Relations and also the MJ 12, which includes Kissinger. They rule US. The secret government kill America’s children for the alien projects according to their agreements with alien nations to rule the world jointly. They can make US currency worthless at any time and bring everyone under control with their global credit card. In 1996 witnesses saw a triangular craft descend at an area west of Pine Gap and many UFOs have been seen coming and going regularly from camouflaged entrances at Pine Gap. Scientists and various aliens, (mostly reptilians claiming to have once originated from earth, with DNA of a 2 legged earth sauroid) that the US govt. has made alliances with work together underground there. Genetic research in the form of human/alien hybridization and anti-gravity experimentation is done at Pine Gap and other underground US bases.

Stan Deyo also asks if Pine Gap could be a man-made city of multiple levels, used to shelter key US personnel in the event of some disaster. Among some of the major contractors and suppliers for Pine Gap have been Collins Radio, McMahon Construction, LTV aero-space company, a conglomerate of electronics and aircraft manufacturing subsidiaries and IBM Stan says it is rumored that there are super IBM computer systems on a floating platform, ‘down the well’ underneath the facility. IBM has mammoth computers which can recognize both voice and visual patterns. Their main memory sizes are said to be in excess of 2,000,000,000 bytes. The first 2 antennas for controlling and communicating with satellites were constructed in 1966-67. In 1974 unauthorized photos and other information from inside the faculty are reported to have been sold to Russia. In 1991 Pine Gap was instrumental in tracking Iraqi SCUD missiles, with satellite imagery tracking the Iraqi troops. Diane Harrison wrote there are now about 18 satellite control antennas, making it one of the largest satellite control stations in the world for satellites parked in fixed orbits above the equator. The most recent satellites are 300 feet diameter. They intercept signals in the VHF, UHF and millimeter wave frequency bands. Within that frequency there are 4 categories of signals. The first category monitors signals transmitted in the course of advanced weapons development, particularly ballistic missiles. The first satellites were designed for this and monitored Russian missile development programs and now monitors other countries. The newer satellites are now primarily for the Soviet Union. This intelligence is shared. The second category monitors signals from large radars, including ones associated with anti-ballistic missile fields. air defense radars, radars on ships. Analysis of this tells lot about the capabilities of those anti-missile and anti-aircraft systems in the various air defense fields around the globe.

Thirdly intercepting the communications of other satellite systems, i.e. communications which are going up from ground to communication satellites which are also based in fixed orbits. Listening satellites parked close to the communications satellites. Finally they monitor a wide range of other microwave emissions on the earth’s surface including: long distance phone calls transmitted via terrestrial microwave circuits enabling them to monitor military, political and government agencies or private individuals. Diane says that a satellite can be parked over the interior of a country and intercept the microwave emissions coming from it. The satellites are under the control of the CIA, who in turn answer to the NRO (National Reconnaissance Office). There are 8 large radomes, that cover the antenna arrays which keeps sand etc. away and conceal the antenna’s position from enemy spy satellites. There are a wide range of communication devices: HF radio, underground cable, telstra telephone and telex, 2 satellites communication terminals to occupy the on average 1,200 staff. The staff have to wear color coded ID to match the color ribbons running along the walls. US Military Airlift Command carry thousands of tapes home for further study and send parts and supplies twice weekly. There are direct links from Pine Gap to the US bases in the Philippines, Guam, Krugerdorp South Africa and the Amundsen-Scott base at the South Pole.

The computer room is one of the biggest in the world and the operators use headsets to communicate. Within the central operations building at Pine Gap people are keeping the satellite and its antenna focused on the signals they are intercepting. Then other staff process the enormous volume of interpreted signals. Then the signals are analyzed for intelligence data. Up to 1980 Australians were not allowed access to the voice intercepts, coming into the signal analysis section. But now they have full access to all areas except the cryptographic room, officially anyway. Univac computers encrypt transmissions, including voices and these go to Redondo Beach in California. About 25 to 30 messages are sent from Pine Gap each day to US and about half go to the CIA headquarters in Langley Virginia. Though occasionally data is sent directly to the NRO Headquarters in the Pentagon, or to the NSA headquarters at Fort Meade Maryland. Diane writes that there is a group called the Joint Reconnaissance Schedule committee, who meet each morning to decide who is going to be listened to for the next 24 hours to focus the antennas on the satellites. e.g. who is doing a missile test, or if a political crisis occurs somewhere. A similar station to Pine Gap is located in South Africa with 1,200 staff and is also linked to another VLF station at the South Pole.

Dr Gille writes that Pine Gap has enormous computers connected to US, Krugersdorp South Africa, Guam, Canberra, Antarctica US base counterparts, which collect information from these countries, about finance, technology, and everything about people. The Amundsen-Scott base at the South Pole is located on a sensitive magnetic spot of our planet, in that it holds exactly the same assets as Pine Gap, and that all the information about most of the average citizens of Western Europe is stored there in memory banks tens of meters under the icepack. Canberra computers were connected to all banks, every post office, all telephones, all police stations and customs houses, every arrival and departure desk for air or sea travelers and to the other data centers collecting data on private citizens in America and Europe. All financial, economic, political and military information about every citizen of the Western World is being stored. The president of the Rockefeller Foundation arranged the construction of 20 luxury residences in Canberra, to accommodate the world government-to-be.

In Silent Partners: The UKUSA Agreement by Susan Bryce (www.nexusmagazine.com) says there are about 48 years of SIGINT (satellite signal intelligence) shared by the UKUSA partners: US, Canada, UK, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, South Korea and the NATO nations. ( Possibly Germany, Norway, Turkey and China are in too.) As well as communications interception and satellite spying there is an interest in undersea activities. (There are said to be over 1,400 alien bases here on this planet including undersea. ) The UKUSA pact has been gathering intelligence on the former Soviet empire for 40 years. Pine Gap, Nurrangar and Menwith Hill operate under this pact. Menwith Hill covers communications and phone calls between USA and Europe in UK. The NSA which runs this controls over 2,000 electronic intercept stations, with 130,000 personnel around the world. The primary purpose of the NSA was started to decipher alien communications, language and establish dialogue. In 1983 the NSA established a worldwide computer network linking 52 separate government computer systems used throughout the world. All the information ends up at NSA’s Headquarters in Maryland. So it can plug into each phone call and message in USA, UK and Australia using the US base, Pine Gap and the new installation at Geraldton in Western Australia.

Patrick Poole wrote an very complete analysis and here is a summary: Echelon based at Pine Gap is the technological spy system intercepting all phone calls, faxes, emails and telexes in the world mainly by satellite. Plus other satellites, microwaves signals, cellular and fibre-optic cable communications traffic. Real time phone calls in USA could be listened to at an outpost of Echelon at Menwith Hill in UK. Commercial espionage can be beneficial to the companies that helped the NSA develop the systems that power the Echelon network. This can also be used to push American manufacturers out of deals in favor of US defense and intelligence contractors, who frequently finance both political parties. The European Parliament is asking if this violates the sovereignty and privacy of citizens in other countries. Though UK does allow surveillance on its own citizens, Menwith Hill and Pine Gap cover US citizens. Echelon stations are all over the globe, from Geraldton W. Australia, Waihopai New Zealand, Ascension Island in the Atlantic, the Indian ocean atoll of Diego Garcia, Guam and the Philippines in the Pacific, to South Africa, Misawa Japan to Leitrim Canada. Pine Gap, Menwith Hill, Bad Aibling Germany, Colorado USA and Antarctica are main centers. No communications signal escapes the electronic net. The two primary downlink facilities for over 25 satellites acting as giant scoops picking up info from all electronic communications are at Menwith Hill in North York Moors UK and Pine Gap. Menwith Hill has 1,400 American NSA personnel and 350 UK Ministry of Defense staff on site.

Menwith Hill goes back to 1951 and received one of the first sophisticated IBM computers in the early 1960’s. The NSA took it over in 1966. British Telecom wires fibre-optic telephone trunklines capable of carrying 100,000 calls simultaneously through Menwith Hill. It has become a target for peace activists. Echelon decrypts, filters, examines and codifies messages into selective categories for further analysis by intelligence from the various UKUSA agencies. Menwith Hill SILKWORTH super-computer operates voice recognition and optical character recognition and feeds them into data recognition engines. Voice recognition programs convert talk into text messages for further analysis and even individual voices can be targeted, so every call they make is transcribed. Each message is given a 4 digit code as to its source e.g. 5535 for Japanese diplomatic traffic. Keywords are kept up to date by Dictionary Managers. Messages are transmitted to each agency’s headquarters via a global computer system that acts as the nervous system.

 Echelon II: Patrick further exposes the Echelon information tracking outcome of spying on enemies, allies and private citizens. Daily analysts review the previous day’s translations and these are further categorized into gists, summaries and reports. These are given classifications: Secret, More Secret, Top Secret, Russian Intercepts and intelligence forwarded to non-UKUSA parties. Even secret submarines are able to tap into undersea communications cables. Though 30 other nations across the world also have eavesdropping networks, none compares to Echelon. A Ph.D. physicist called “V” wrote that the second generation of Echelon called Echelon II is not a US govt. funded project. It has a series of communications bases near the equator. The leaders of this are a cabal from China, several individuals from Europe and a group in US Its a highway for all e-business and will be used in conjunction with smart cards for one currency. It will a data base designed for the DRAM semiconductor chips mass produced and down to 0.1 microns. It has a real time transportation system and logistic tracking system, plus a monitoring system for ICBM, aircraft, submarines and a control system for joining all financial institutions together. INSLAW developed the key software package for tracking and monitoring. IBM Computers and Chip manufacturing. Loral and GM H satellites, ATT long lines and fibre optics, LMT the major contractor for military information systems, LEH ( lehmanns Brothers) will be their banker and financial controller and GM the major civilian transporter. 

These 6 companies will be worth 4 trillion dollars and the Board of Directors and the CEO/Chairmen have been careful not to break any laws to achieve this, including setting up plants in China - DR Armstrong, involved with this, said to the Senate Judiciary committee “we work in the gray area”. Many deaths have occurred by people investigating the INSLAW monitoring technology, which uses a backdoor in computer software programs to feed information back to an intelligence agency. Research for Star Wars satellite project, now operative at Pine Gap has been conducted under UKUSA. This comprises a global network of satellites which contain powerful lasers, and beam machines. Between 1982 and 1988 22 British defense scientists linked to UKUSA projects, died in mysterious circumstances. Some have said they were involved the mark of the beast, microchip implant work. 

Beast Computer Centers have several dozen people to run them. Even in the 1970’s, an operator could speak into the computer and it would answer. If asked about anyone on the planet, it could usually pull up all kinds of information e.g. how could you get that person to kill someone? or how can I isolate this person? All the people around that subject who could be manipulated would be revealed and a plan given. The controllers can actually control the world from a computer. They store vast amounts about people’s thought processes and thinking and it’s possible that electronic surveillance is being done to read the thoughts of people and computers store this information in some usable fashion. People who invent and work at state of the art technology say this is old technology. Large Neural computers that have artificial intelligence using neural processing like the human brain are being used. A war could be created between any two nations by asking about a country and then how to start one. There is a network of Cray-type computers, perhaps similar to the EMASS system of Cray computers that E-Systems developed. Such a system can store 5 trillion pages of text and work with that data base with lightening speed. The Engineer operator of the Beast Computer said that this system was obsolete in 1973. 

Al Bielek also said that the aliens working with US military gave the info to build Cray computers at the CIA underground base at Montauk, NY and they were used to create time portals. It was a computer manufacturing time portals that sent Edward and Duncan Cameron back to 1943 to destroy the ship Eldridge that was trapped in hyperspace during the Philadelpia Experiment. The frequency 435 MHz was used to create time/space tunnels when Al Bielek and Duncan Cameron went physically through to Mars from Montauk. Today’s 9 Beast computers are much better at speech than the 3 Beast computers in 1973. They can hear human voices, determine what language and answer in it. These computers link directly to thousands of mind-controlled slaves and via various methods, which almost instantly control the behavior of them. Anchorage has a NSA listening post near the HAARP project, whose signals travel on a field line to Pine Gap. The Beast Computer is also linked there as well as satellite systems. HAARP uses 3 powerful transmitter sites in Alaska. An anonymous US former govt. source says the human brain, if it has a memex brain implant they control, can interface with the Beast computer which acts as a vast repository of human knowledge as well as answering questions to essentially all previously answered questions instantaneously. If the human brain has some type of virtual reality holodeck attachment, the computer can even walk the slave through a realistic setting indistinguishable from the real world. One victim had ELF & VLF waves of 435 and 1080 MHz signals targeted on her. (435 is in the 400-450 MHz band which is the window to the human consciousness. 435 MHz is converted to 1080 by interaction with the high-atmosphere HAARP project. HAARP can create time portals and time rifts also. 

Paul Baird wrote that every single phone call, fax, email, telex and computer data message can be intercepted and analyzed by Echelon worldwide. The Echelon computers can scan ALL satellite, microwave, cellular and fibre-optic contacts for keywords and phrases. He said that the CIA use it to protect their own drug running operations and spy on their opponents together with their Mafia partners. Paul writes that the head of NATO’s non-lethal weapons initiative wants all humans implanted at birth. Baird writes Govt. agencies can use infrasound laser weapons coming from remote satellites to cause illness and pain to targeted individuals. Visual holograms and blurred vision can be effected by satellite lasers aimed at tracked individuals. They can also use neurophones, which is a device to convert sound to electrical impulses. A directional satellite laser or microwave targets an individuals nervous system and it enters the brain as voice threats or noise. These can come from any direction and can be perceived as ghosts, God’s voice, aliens, Satan or laughing. Silent subliminal words can target people too, to make them think thoughts are their own. 

Brain wave scanners can mind read by training a satellite onto someone’s head and scanning its magnetic field. Patterns which show particular emotions can be read and more can be sent back to change the emotional/psychological state. EEG results of computerized brainwave scanning can be relayed to US govt. faculties, and the thoughts can be interpreted instantaneously, with a brain wave vocabulary, developed from the CIA’s LSD experiments. Remote torture or interrogation can be carried out by staff at computers thousands of miles away. Baird writes that psychic phenomena and “coincidences” can be arranged using brain-scanning technologies. Could every citizen be brainwave scanned by Echelon at Pine Gap and thoughts suppressed? Only those “in” with them would profit and only those who questioned nothing would escape scrutiny. No military or federal law enforcement would be necessary. More from Paul Baird herewww.greenpages.com.au/baird. 

An Australian newspaper wrote in 1974 that US has been carrying out research into electromagnetic propulsion (EMP) at Pine Gap since 1966 and that security about this project has resulted in hypnotic and post hypnotic keys being implanted in personnel prior to their acceptance into this project. Dr Gille writes that the Pine Gap employees working on the base, and especially those earmarked for duty on electromagnetic propulsion projects, have undergone brainwashing and even implantation of intracranial devices. The most powerful mind-control is still trauma-based built on a foundation of multiple personalities which are dissociated personalities and parts of the mind. It appears that electronic mind-control is being overlaid on top of this. The victim’s consciousness is not able to think past the electronic mind-control which catches their undivided attention, being too distracted to deal with the deeper issues of trauma-based mind-control. Instructions can enter someone’s mind through their implant. At the NWO’s major massive beast computer center in Alaska in the 1970’s, an engineer who was in charge of building and getting the center operational, revealed the site’s capabilities. They also had one in South Africa and one in Pine Gap. These three sites formed a triangle on the globe, and couldn’t be located anywhere else, due to the naturally occurring lines of force of the planet. 

Project L.U.C.I.D. Beast 666 Universal Human Control System: Texe Marrs in his book Project L.U.C.I.D. writes that every person on the planet will be issued a ‘Smart” ID card to be monitored 24 hours day, 7 days a week by Central Gestapo consisting of agencies made up of the FBI, KGB, CIA, DEA, DIA, NSA, IRS, EPA, OSHA, NCIC, USDA, FDA, NRO, BATF, FINCEN, INS, DOJ, WTO, Europol, Interpol, Mossad and the MAB. He says resistors will have microchip surgically implanted in their brains. All manufactured goods will be marked with the number of the beast, 666. Which is the ISO 9000 certification system. The Bilderbergers, made the command decision for ISO 9000. 100 countries have adopted it and it is fast becoming the sole requirement for conducting commerce in all nations of the world. The NSA who controls L.U.C.I.D. giant computer network correlates, deciphers and analyses data and reports from international banks, 32 directorates of UN, the core of the Secret Societies, the Vatican and various agencies of 170 nations. Alice Bailey’s Lucis Trust is closely affiliated with UN leadership and it’s membership includes Robert McNamara, former Secretary of Defense and former head of World bank. The primary goal of the Lucis Trust is a New World Order/One World Government presided over by a world teacher, probably the ET entity Maitreya. The UN world army, with have total military control and enforcement power for the whole planet. 

All computers on earth, the entire information highway will be networked in to L.U.C.I.D. It will be the planet’s primary core, linking all networks and data systems. Those authorized will have access to instantaneous data on individuals to track and control every move with the chip in the cards, or embedded in the body. These cards are reprogrammable at hundreds of thousands of scanner centers and have more than five gigabytes of data per individual of updated data. Texe writes that scanners will identify you by the shape of your hand, foot, face or head, fingerprints, blood type, human leukocytes antigen, DNA, iris scan and voice. Satellite cameras which can take recognizable 35mm-type images of golf balls below, will be able to locate you from the chip in the card, nobody being able to buy and sell without it. DNA databanks have samples of blood from newborn babies since the 1960s as mandatory state screening, plus the military and criminals have been databased. John St. Clair Akwei writes in Texe’s book, that the Signals Intelligence mission of the NSA has evolved into a program of decoding EMF waves in the environment, for wirelessly tapping into computers and tracking persons with the electrical currents in their bodies. Everything in the environment with an electrical current in it has a magnetic flux around it which gives off EMF waves. The NSA/DOD has developed advanced digital equipment which can remotely analyze all objects, whether manmade or organic, that have electrical activity. 

A target's bioelectric field can be remotely detected, and monitored 24 hrs a day. With special EMF equipment NSA cryptologists can remotely read evoked potentials (from EEGs) which can be decoded into a person’s brain states and thoughts. The NSA records and decodes individual brain maps of hundreds and thousands of people. The speech centers of the brain can be translated into the person’s verbal thoughts and this can be manipulated and simulated auditory hallucinations can be induced. Visual memory can also be seen as images from a person’s brain on a video monitor. NSA operatives can put images into someone’s brain while they are in REM sleep for brain-programming purposes. So currents thoughts, images and sounds of anyone can be decoded read and changed by NSA’s most powerful computers in the world. Much power has been taken away from the human race now due to global treaties taking away sovereignty. This started originally with aliens whom world governments have made pacts, dictating to the UN top brass which laws to make. More laws in the world are tightening their grip and taking away freedom in a known manner, while aliens and US military at underground bases carry on their covert activities of mind control through technology and abduction of people from their beds from UFOs during the night, to implant and make clones and hybrids from victims. It’s time people started to look and destroy the evil goings on of those beneath us in these underground bases and bring them to justice. 

http://members.iimetro.com.au/~hubbca/scalar.htm#What%20is

http://www.angelfire.com/oz/cv/cverismo2e2.html
 
....

In the following statement, published in the SD in 1888, Blavatsky observes that the ancient idea of ether has been admitted as the Ether of Space. She then, almost incidentally, says it is "now about to be rejected".

The septenary gradation, and the innumerable subdivisions and differences, made by the ancients between the powers of Ether collectively, from its outward fringe of effects, with which our Science is so familiar, up to the "Imponderable Substance," once admitted as the "Ether of Space," now about to be rejected, has been ever a vexing riddle for every branch of knowledge. (SDi331)

She was right. In 1905, when Albert Einstein published his article giving the special theory of relativity, he also said he no longer had any need for the ether. [see the Einstein Conspiracy - Einstein taken out of context]. Since then, the term ether has generally been in disrepute. She correctly foresaw this aspect of upcoming science even while maintaining her view on the esoteric true version of ether.

This was a reasonably unusual statement for her to make. At the time of her writing the ether was generally presumed to exist. It is true that Michaelson and Morley had conducted an experiment in 1887 to detect the ether and that experiment had failed. (Exactly when the results of that experiment were published and commented upon sufficiently to normally be expected to reach Blavatsky's ears we don't know. And since the writing of the secret doctrine occurred over several years, we cannot compare those two times exactly.)

In any case, it would have been foolish for her to predict so definitely the rejection of the ether even if she had heard the results of the Michaelson/ Morley experiment. The ether was not abandoned simply because that experiment failed. Mathematics was subsequently developed in the 1890's to handle the failure of the experiment. Other experiments continued trying to detect the ether until at least 1925.

Michelson himself, who received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1907 for his optical studies generally and not for "disproving the ether-concept" had his own opinion on whether or not his experimental results of 1887 disproved the ether. He was quoted in Reuterdahl's comment on Einstein, published in the Minneapolis Morning Tribune of April 14, 1923, p 21, as saying that even if relativity is here to stay we don't have to reject the ether.

So despite the failure of Michaelson/ Morley's experiment, Blavatsky still gets full credit for a prophecy fulfilled.


The Einstein Conspiracy 
Roger Anderson
http://www.einsteinconspiracy.co.uk/articlefour/a9.htm

"As Professors Hawking and Penrose have described it, the fact that General relativity and Quantum Mechanics cannot be combined into a single theory, is a scandal."

If you read most any standard modern physics text book, then you find that it says something like Einstein disproved the ether (aether), when it talks about the Michelson Morley experiment.

However if you look at the book: Sidelights on Relativity - Einstein says he did not disprove the ether, just showed that one version of it was wrong. [21] Einstein has been frequently misrepresented by the physics establishment who want him to say what they want to believe, such as a belief that the ether does not exist, and they then revise their version of history accordingly.

What Einstein actually did was refine what could be meant by the ‘ether’ concept. But the Physics Establishment have redefined what Einstein meant by the words that he used, so that what Einstein said could fit in with their preconceived beliefs. So, we now have the situation today that physicists are taught that the ‘ether’ concept is nonsense, and we have another ‘ether’ concept being reinvented in Quantum Mechanics, but renames it as : quantum fluctuations of the false vacuum, zero-point energy, and other names.

Really the "ether" concept evolved in General relativity and became called "space-time." But that interpretation gets lost in confusion as people try to think from Quantum Mechanics, and reinterpret General relativity in the wrong way.

There has been a great deal of revisions as to what Einstein actually meant. It is one of the difficulties of science that when new abstract ideas appear, the necessary words to describe those ideas are not available. I have noticed in the context of Tesla that he was trying to describe his experiments, with a lack of a big enough vocabulary, and so was often using the same word in different sentences, but that word could take on different meanings. Einstein was trying to be much more precise with words that were available to him, but still his scientist contemporaries decided to reinterpret. ‘They’ did not want to accept Einstein’s theory in its original form, and altered it to suit their own tastes.

Now consider the absence of barking dog:

It is obvious why the physics establishment revised Einstein’s theory of physics. It is because they wanted to bring Einstein’s theory in line with the 1925 theory, which Einstein rejected.

The physics community proceeds in its enterprise by losing the original meaning attached to theories by the theories’ originators. It then professes that the theories’ originators are its heroes, and makes the claim of defending them. But what they are really do is defending its reinterpretation of those heroes. The people that it defends itself from can be people that have rediscovered the original meaning of their hero, but these people are labelled as cranks by some in the physics establishment, because they are unaware that they have a myth as to what their hero actually said.

There should be a clear record kept of how the physics community is deviating from the original meanings of its heroes. Because everyone is being left in a state of confusion as to what is real and what is myth.

The physics community wants the myth of their hero, and not the actual history. This is not made clear anywhere.

Where is it written that the physics community is no longer in Einstein’s original theory of physics? Everyone acts as if it is Einstein’s original theory. Everyone is taught that this is Einstein’s original theory. They misquote Einstein to maintain that belief. They never admit to it being revised.

Now the clincher that points it out as being a conspiracy for me. Sherlock Holmes pointed out in one case that the most significant clue was the dog that did not bark, when a crime was being committed. There is no ‘barking dog’ in this case, and that is most peculiar. Einstein has been revised, and no one jumps up and down saying I have proven Einstein wrong. No one gets the rewards and public recognition for making the next major advance in physics after Einstein. Einstein’s theory gets revised, but no one indicates where are the experiments that have disproved Einstein’s original theory. It can mean only one thing - ‘cover up.’

Alarm bells should be going off. We have been denied a highly significant theory from Einstein around 1927. We have been denied a theory that is contrary to modern theory. We have had experiments suppressed that can show modern theory to be wrong, because of national security considerations. In short we have been denied the ability to do proper scientific research. But I with by little stick can knock over this ‘can of worms.’
The conspiracy against Einstein has evolved into the conspiracy that exists in science in the present day. It takes a great leap in mind-set to realise that what we believed was Einstein’s theory is not the original theory as which he was advocating, and that we have been subjected to a very clever advertising campaign to accept a revised theory as the original. Becker explains how the conspiracy in science works in the present day:

Experimental research is suppressed which has national security implications. This is easily achieved by controlling the funding of research. If a scientist finds results that do not agree with the orthodoxy he is subjected to ridicule. The experts that the establishment want are essentially ‘yes men’ who do as they are told and have lost their sense of originality, if they had any, i.e. ‘dummies’. So, the system that is set up in the public science research sector is anti- "true scientific method" of free enterprise, and creates a deep prejudicial atmosphere against anyone of true original ideas. In other words it is an "anti- genius" atmosphere, which seeks to promote people of lesser intellect, who then masquerade and pretend to be clever.

The restrictions placed on public sector science prevents that sector from knowing what is the true theory of physics. As Professors Hawking and Penrose have described it, the fact that General relativity and Quantum Mechanics cannot be combined into a single theory, is a scandal. [22] The reason why it cannot be joined, is because the public science sector is refused permission to do experiments that would lead to such a theory. What the Black Ops science sector is involved in, who can say. (I suspect that ‘they’ have succeeded in deluding themselves.)

Every now and again, we hear of things like : ‘the speed of light has shown to be exceeded’ by some experiment or other. But when you check into these claims, you find that they are not in general being made by the orthodox science community funded from the public sector, but rather from maverick scientists with independent funding. And these mavericks find that their claims are placed under a long review by the orthodoxy, after which the orthodoxy then dismisses the mavericks’ claims as being invalid. (Exactly the same methodology as Dr. Becker describes the science conspiracy works from.)

W Macneile Dixon said:

Before you can examine things you must first become aware of them. [23]

We have not been aware of this ‘can of worms’. Physics has dominated our rational thoughts, and many of our beliefs are centered around it, such as a belief in temporocentrism. (See Box.) Physics being wrong means that these beliefs such as temporocentrism are delusions. For instance many of us believe that a theory that has been rejected could not then turn out to be right. Our delusional prejudices prevent many of us from seeing that much of our ‘common held beliefs’ are now wrong. We are as much in the dark as medieval man when faced with the Copernican theory. If Copernicus was correct, then nearly everything that medieval man believed was therefore wrong. Medieval science had been building upon one core central idea namely that the "earth was the centre of the universe". If you said this idea was wrong, then all the ideas that were developed from that idea were themselves wrong. It was too much a shock for medieval man. Is it too much of a shock for 21st century man to realise that the so-called rational scientific man of the 20th century, has built everything upon one ‘core central idea’ that is wrong and hence lived a life of delusions?

 

http://www.healthresearchbooks.com/articles/free_energy2.htm
Article on Tesla's free energy (called Radiant energy) which has been suppressed since 1890s.

http://www.selfempowermentacademy.com.au
The breatharian website hosted by Jasmuheen, where she claims it is possible to live on prana and receive sustenance solely from the ether. In an experiment conducted by 60-Minutes in 1999 she failed to demonstrate that she could in fact live on prana. It is rumoured that Mother Theresa lived as a breatharian for a period of 3 years.  

http://www.mrbean.net.au/~wlast/energies.htm
Non-physical energies, variously called life-force, bio-energy, prana, chi, orgone energy, od, odic, ether and many other names

http://orgone.org/
Wilhelm Reich information and more links
http://www.orgone.org/articles/ax2001-grnfld-aa.htm - Orgone Energy Accumulator diagram
http://www.orgone.org/abfaq01.htm - Orgone Energy Accumulator books

http://www.orgone.org/articles/ax9rourke-a.htm
A possible solution began in 1947 when Reich purchased a Geiger Muller counter. He placed the counter in a three-layer accumulator and after giving off several clicks per minute --background radiation-- it appeared to go dead. Three months later Reich gave it a fresh try only to find the counter producing 6000 clicks per minute. Tests showed these originated from the counter tube that apparently became saturated from the orgone in the accumulator. A few months later Reich, utilizing vacuum tubes thoroughly soaked in orgone, registered impulses of up to 100,000 per minute turning the counter point 1,000 times per minute. He thus theorized a new motor force since no ionization effects could be this powerful. The next step was to link this force to a motor. On June 24, 1948 in the presence of five witnesses Reich purported to have set a motor in motion. "The power of the future," cried Reich Joyfully.

   The implications of orgone as a motor force barely skims the surface of its potentials. To even contemplate the research possible when dealing with the medium of electromagnetic and gravitational fields reaches the very depths of creation. One may ask why isn't this research available and thoroughly explored today? The reasons are many, but a major contributing factor was that Reich felt mankind was not yet ready and when he died in 1957 much of the delicate research was sealed in his archives not to be divulged till fifty years after his death.

http://www.angelfire.com/mt/montalk/cloudbust.html
http://www.angelfire.com/mt/montalk/cloudbust2.html

... 

http://www.blavatsky.net/confirm/ev/ether/ether.htm#predict
Madame Blavatsky created the Theosophical Society. Some of the goals of which were to demystify spiritual science and make it part of everyday thinking. She claimed science was totally materialistic and there were many laws of physics which depended on ether.

http://www.rense.com/general33/ether.htm
Because Mankind has been denied Spiritual knowledge for so long, this sixth sense has become under developed and under used by most people. However, don't worry, there is no chance of it 'falling of.' I say most people because some do develop this awareness. Most Governments have as part of their security department, remote viewers.
These are people who learn and then train how to tune in to this higher vibration by the use of meditation, or other mental protocols, and travel through the ether to spy on each other and on selected targets.

Ether sciences
http://ether.sciences.free.fr/bases.htm

Anti-gravity
http://www.americanantigravity.com/links.html

http://www.blavatsky.net/confirm/peb/peb1998/michelson-morley-coverup.htm
This magazine issue presents the data to which a Theosophist may point as evidence that standard science has, in the words of Nobel Prize winner Allais, a "scandal" on its hands to some day be uncovered.

_____________________________ _____________________________ _______

Explaining the difference between matter and ether
Excerpt from 'Chapters of Life' by Lobsang Rampa
http://galactic.no/rampa/#english

The Lama Mingyar Dondup (the young Lobsang Rampas guide) spoke, "All Life, as I told you last night, consists of rapidly vibrating matter generating an electrical charge, the electricity is the Life of Matter. As in music there are various octaves. Imagine that the ordinary Man in the Street vibrates on a certain octave, then a Nature Spirit and a Ghost will vibrate at a higher octave. Because the Average Man lives and thinks and believes on one octave only, people of other octaves are invisible to him!" I fiddled with my robe, thinking it over; it did not make sense to me. I could see ghosts and nature spirits, therefore anyone should be able to see them also. The Lama, reading my thoughts, replied, "You see the aura of humans. Most other humans do not. You see nature spirits and ghosts. Most other humans do not. All very young children see such things, because the very young are more receptive. Then as the child grows older, the cares of living coarsen the perceptions. In the West, children who tell their parents that there has been a game with Spirit Playmates are punished for telling lies, or are laughed at for their 'vivid imagination.' The child resents such treatment and after a time convinces himself that it was all imagination! You, because of your special upbringing see ghosts and nature spirits, and you always will - just as you will always see the human aura."

"Then even the nature spirits who tend flowers are the same as us?" I asked. "Yes," he replied, "the same as us except that they vibrate faster and their particles of matter are more diffused. That is why you can put your hand right through them just as you can put your hand right through a sunbeam." "Have you ever touched - you know, held -a ghost?" I queried. "Yes I have!" he replied. "It can be done if one raises one's own rate of vibrations. I will tell you about it."

http://members.iimetro.com.au/~hubbca/ether.htm

2

THE DISCOVERY OF SCALAR WAVES
BEAM WEAPONS OF A CENTURY AGO
THE CONTINUATION OF TESLA’S SCALAR WAVE TECHNOLOGY
TESLA’S CROSSED SCALAR BEAMS
RUSSIA’S ‘WOODPECKER’ SCALAR WAVE TRANSMITTERS
THE 1930s,
THE 1940s,
THE 1950s,
THE 1960s,
THE 1970s,
THE 1980s,
THE 1990s
THE PRESENT
WHAT CAN BE DONE WITH SCALAR TECHNOLOLGY?
MIND READING, MASS HYPNOTISM AND SYNTHETIC TELEPATHY
DISEASE INDUCTION
DISABLING SATELLITES
IN THE AIR
WEATHER ENGINEERING
EARTHQUAKES
SEA ATTACKS
TESLA SHIELDS AND GLOBES
GROUND ATTACKS
OBLITERATING INDIVIDUALS
PORTABLE SCALAR BAZOOKAS
RADAR INVISIBILITY
SUMMARY OF A WAR THAT COULD OCCUR
RUSSIAN UFOs ATTACKED THE US SHUTTLE PROGRAM FROM THE BEGINNING
HOW DID RUSSIA GET UFOs?
FORMER BOLSHEVIKS RUNNING AMERICA
REPLICAS USED FOR THE LANDINGS, AFTER ORIGINALS SHOT DOWN
CLOAKED RUSSIAN UFOS ABOVE USA
ALL U.S. SATELLITES SHOT DOWN BY RUSSIA UNTIL 1981
LIES, LIES AND LIES
FRICTION WITH THE JAPANESE
ENTERPRISE SHUTTLE DETERMINED TO SPY ON RUSSIA
RUSSIA INTENSIFIES ATTACKS
TRYING AGAIN TO GET UP INTO SPACE. THIRD TIME LUCKY?
BOLD ATTACKS ON AMERICA
THE STRUGGLE AT THE TOP FOR POWER
THE STEALTH PLANE COMES TO THE RESCUE
PHANTOM AGAINST THE COSMOSPHERE
THE EXPECTED GENOCIDE
PLANS FOILED TO DESTROY RUSSIA’S MILITARY ARSENAL
BRAZIL
INDIA
JAPAN
KOBE 'EARTHQUAKE'
CHINA
OKLAHOMA FED BUILDING ‘BOMBING’
WHO ELSE HAS UFOs?


THE DISCOVERY OF SCALAR WAVES

It all started in the 18th century with a Scotsman named James Clerk Maxwell(1831-1879). He was a mathematical genius and his work led to the development of quantum physics which later led to Einstein’s Relativity. Maxwell’s equations linked electricity and magnetism and he discovered other waves that were higher than the normal hertzian electromagnetic waves. They are positioned at right angles coming off the electromagnetic wave and are omni-directional, whereas normal hertzian electromagnetic waves are only measureable with normal equipment and travel in a straight line. They are also called gravitic waves because they belong to the gravitational field. (Please see glossary for other names for scalar waves) Maxwell’s electromagnetic spectrum went higher than our 3D physical reality and into hyperspace where the fine indiscernable scalar waves exist. (Maxwell said they flowed in the ether/hyperspace). Scalar waves are so fine that they are only one-hundred-millionth of a square centimeter in width hence finer than X-rays and gamma rays. They can also be manipulated into various types of modes and frequencies. When Maxwell died his work was interpreted by three experts (including Hertz) who set the foundation for physics, and they decided any wave that went beyond what could be measured with an instrument of that time was "mystical" therefore worthless.

According to Tom Bearden, standard physics (from then on) as a discipline, contained twenty two errors. Nicola Telsa, (1856 or 1857-1943) a Yugoslavian genius, who became a US citizen in 1891 carried on with Maxwell’s work. Tesla worked for Thomas Edison, who invented direct current, while Telsa himself invented alternating current, but the two men didn’t get along well and parted ways. Tesla started up laboratories on Long Island and in Colorado Springs and learned how to harness scalar waves from one transmitter to another without using any wires. He received partial financial backing from JP Morgan, who owned the new electricity projects, but Morgan wasn’t interested in losing all his electricty business by allowing people to tap into the vacccum of pure energy (hyperspace) to get their own (what is now termed) ‘free-energy’ for no cost.

At that time Edison needed a plant ten stories high, taking up an entire city block to supply electricty to one square mile of customers. Tesla indentified what he called ‘Radiant Energy’ or ‘Teleforce’ in 1889. It was discovered during experiments that Tesla did to duplicate what the German Heinrich Hertz had done in 1887, proving the existence of electromagnetic waves. While copying Hertz’s experiments, Tesla experimented with violently abrupt direct current electrical discharges and discovered scalar energy, a new force, in the process. In 1904 Tesla announced he’d completed his work using scalar waves to transmit energy without wires but unfortunately when he tried to get support for it, a setback occurred. He was sued for his Colorado Springs laboratory electrical bill, and his lab was torn down. He was also sued for non payment of a loan from his lawyer and his financial troubles never abated. Tesla continued his work even though he had no money and he died penniless in a NY hotel room in 1943, although Preston Nichols in his book ‘Encounter in the Pleiades’ claims a lookalike street vagrant was cremated in his place and there may be evidence that he was spirited away to the UK.

BEAM WEAPONS OF A CENTURY AGO

Even though Tesla couldn’t interest the US govt. in his wire-free scalar energy, the Russians and Germans asked him to work for them, but he turned them down. All was not lost, just two weeks before he ‘died’ he gave all his research to a young American physicist. Tesla’s inventions were dangerous and not only did he discover scalar waves and how to use it to manufacture earthquakes but also he created a ‘Death Ray’, which has been likened to a particle beam weapon. (Particle beam weapons can shoot a laser one thousand miles into space.) After his death in 1943 the FBI was actively involved in suppressing many of Tesla's documents, including plans for his 'Death-Ray' weapon capable of destroying aircraft and his earthquake-inducing machine, deeming it ‘top-secret’ lest it fall into the enemy’s hands. But the Germans had also invented beam weapons and used them during WW2. Captured from them (according to William Cooper) was a weapon that was capable of shattering 4" thick armor at a range of two miles using low aimed, low frequency sound waves.

There is also evidence that the Germans had scalar wave technology and they certainly had anti-gravity technology due to a UFO crashing in Germany in 1939. They back-engineered it and by 1940 had built themselves a fleet of UFO’s in eight facilities all over Germany. The Russians, who took many Nazi scientists captive in Soviet occupied Germany in 1946, forced the German scientists to build them their own fleet of UFOs, which they called ‘COSMOSPHERES’ and eventually they had built hundreds. The Nazi scientists also built the Russians scalar transmitters and particle beam weapons. Tesla also told people that he talked frequently to people ‘off planet’, so perhaps this was the source of inspiration for his inventions.



Part 2 of 6 excerpts. 

THE CONTINUATION OF TESLA’S SCALAR WAVE TECHNOLOGY

Most western universities ignore Tesla’s work due to a conspiracy to stop free-energy and anti-gravity technology, because of the loss of money for big business that would be generated by this, but Eastern European and Russian universities include it in their curriculum, which is why the U.S. didn’t realise that scalar waves were being used against them, due to no equipment for detecting such waves, until they had been secretly attacked for ten years by the Russians using them since about 1960 when President Kruschev announced "the Soviets had some superweapons". After the Russians shot down all the American space shuttles and satellites in 1977, the U.S. was completely at their mercy, by Russia openly flying cosmospheres over the U.S., firing particle beam and scalar beam weapons developed with the expertise of captured Nazi scientists. Following this an enormous effort was made to develop beam weapons in the U.S. The F.B.I. had held all Tesla’s scientific papers for several years after he was said to have died in 1943, so much of the research was unknown to the public when they needed it the most to fight back against the Russians attacking U.S. military targets and doing weather-engineering over America in the early 1960’s. U.S. started up their own scalar transmitters in out of the way places like Australia, Alaska, Puerto Rico, Greenland and Norway using Tesla technology. However they also made particle beam transmitters at Montauk, LI, and Los Alamos, NM. One of the first places to house Tesla technology, and hence scalar weapons was Exmouth U.S. navy base in Western Australia built in 1968, and operative in 1969, where they had a free rein in the deserted Australian outback to practise. Pine Gap, another U.S. military base in the center of Australia was another site which became operative in 1970 and has two scalar transmitters.......

continued:

TESLA’S CROSSED SCALAR BEAMS

In the 1920’s Tesla created ‘Tesla Shields from scalar waves which he claimed could defend an entire country against aircraft and shells by creating a barrier made of energy which they could not pass. The Soviets had access to all his work during their search for ‘superweapons’ to match the U.S. after the atom bombs were dropped on Japan. Tesla’s papers were shipped to communist Yugslavia after he died in 1943, where they were easily accessed by the Soviets. By 1914, according to Harry Mason, Tesla predicted the electrical control of the atmospheric moisture and described how to do this with his magnifying transmitter and even how to control the sun’s EM field and modify its effects on the earth using scalar transmitters. Also how to turn night into day to make sea and air navigation safer. He stated that it’s possible to engineer EM shielding to stop decay from nuclear radiation because the decay was caused by interaction of the nucleus with a special ray emanating throughout the universe. Tesla said it is possible to stimulate the nucleus into explosive or rapid general transmutation. In about 1908 Tesla discovered that scalar energy, without energy loss, using an interferometer becomes bottled from the intersection of two scalar wave beams. By interferometer (crossed beam) techniques, giant standing waves can be combined to produce a focused beam of very great energy. This can then be used to produce earthquakes induced at distant aiming points. He noted that this could easily get out of control once it begins vibrating within the Earth and could actually cause the Earth to vibrate to pieces. His own had proved so powerful, that during its testing phase he destroyed it with a sledgehammer to keep its vibrations from destroying his entire neighborhood.

‘POTENTIALS’ are particles which are unorganised in hyperspace, pure energy not yet released into the physical world. They can be harnessed into creating different frequencies of scalar waves and can be manufactured artificially. This energy emerges and stabilises only if the transmitters are at a higher reference potential than the interference (blending) zone. If the transmitters are set at at a lower potential, the energy bottle re-emerges back at the transmitters where it has to be disposed of if the transmitters are not to be burnt out. If two single frequency scalar electromagnetic (EM) waves, containing zero-vector and artificial potentials intersect, real observable electromagnetic wave energy results, though no EM energy has flown through the intervening space. Invisible waves of pure potential without any force field amplitudes, using artificial potentials seemingly do not exist according to conventional science, but this is because they are undetectable with normal detection equipment. Yet they can be manufactured by polarizing them or concentrating hyperspace into a river of force, which when merged using two beams, produces real electromagnetic waves. If the transmitter uses potential above that of the energy bottle, detectable energy emerges in that zone and it is called EXOTHERMIC mode. To extract energy back to the transmitter from the energy bottle, the potentials must be below that produced in an energy bottle. This is ENDOTHERMIC mode.


Part 3 of 6 excerpts.  

TESLA’S CROSSED SCALAR BEAMS 

If two transmitters transmit a timed pulse and the two pulses meet, then an explosion emergence or extraction occurs at the distant interference zone, depending on whether exothermic or endothermic mode is used. However there is no detectable energy flow between transmitters and the intersection of the two beams exist as locked in artificial potential in hyperspace. This supposedly doesn’t exist. The energy flow between transmitters and intersecting beams does not exist in the intervening space physically as an EM force field, only as a locked-in artificial potential. If the wave transmission is continuous, the energy appears physically between beams as continuous. If multiple frequencies are transmitted on the beams, at the intersection a 3 dimensional globe appears as a bullet or shell. Using pulse transmission an impulsive or explosive emergence of this energy form appears, but if using continuous mode a continuous glowing plasma form appears visibly. The impulse endothermic mode energy is extracted and generates a cold explosion or sharp cooling, and this can sound like thunder......

RUSSIA’S ‘WOODPECKER’ SCALAR WAVE TRANSMITTERS

According to Bearden ever since July 1976, Russian scalar transmitters have continuously sent transmissions which disturb communication systems of the world in the 3-30 megahertz band. The noise is like a woodpecker pecking a block of wood, so they have been nicknamed ‘Woodpeckers.’ The power of the enormous transmitters vary but he says they range as high as several hundred megawatts, and nominally 100 megawatts. Several nations have protested, but they still continue to this day. The Russians just spread the spectrum to shift to other frequencies periodically. Two to three scalar over the horizon radar beams from these Woodpeckers can intersect each other over USA. An intersection grid over the whole of USA is formed by waveform interference of two main Woodpecker beams. These beams follow the earth-ionosphere waveguide and curve around the planet. This is done to detect launched missiles and strategic bombers lifting off out of USA. However this massive Russian grid covering large areas of U.S. has other more sinister mind control operations according to Bearden. A phase-locked ELF modulation signal at 10 hz is often detected on multiple Woodpecker frequencies simultaneously. This modulation if suffiently stronger than the Schumann Resonance (the frequency of the earth’s natural magnetic field) can hypnotise brains into ‘forced entrainment’.

Human brainwaves are ‘synchronized’ to the Woodpecker signals, so that multiple coherant frequencies phase-lock into them. Bearden writes that multiple coherent EM frequencies are channeled into these entrained minds. He also says that what is termed ‘Fourier expansions’ may be used to attack specific portions of the brain geometrically. Bearden writes: "About 1950-1952, the Soviets developed [scalar] EM machines that could influence the brain and nervous system directly. This included the Lida machine, which can induce a catatonic state into a mammal such as a man, a cat, etc. U.S. scientists, obtaining one of these devices in the 1980’s, reported that it utilized a 40 MHz carrier, and produced unusual waveforms (showing the multiple frequency content). Since the U.S. scientists do not possess scalar EM detectors, they have no measurements or knowledge of possible scalar components in the Lida's output signal. According to one U.S. scientist, the device was used by North Korean interrogators in brainwashing U.S. prisoners in North Korea during the Korean War, and was highly effective." It would appear that Russia did use scalar waves first in the early 1960’s, but US soon caught up, building scalar transmitters in Australia in 1968.



Part 4 of 6 excerpts.  

TESLA TECHNOLOGY USED TO ACTIVATE WORLD GRIDLINES

On a more esoteric note, it seems that Tesla’s hyperdimensional physics has been used to go into the realms of the unknown. Richard Hoagland in a 1995 radio interview told of a friend, who was part of security, in the U.S. armed services in the 1970’s in Central America. He was in a large battalion of military engineer personnel, flown into a location. They hauled in large portable generators, each of which was capable of lighting a city. There was a large amount of copper cable and this equipment was placed on an ancient Meso-American site in the jungle in the middle of nowhere close to 19.5 lat. The generators were positioned separately in a geometrical hexagonal pattern with energized coils. Hoagland claims that from what we know, it must have been to probe the efficacy of the terrestrial hyperdimensional grid. At hyperdimensional nodes on the grid one can change the resonance, with the object of creating geological earth changes. As our physical reality vibrates at a certain frequency, various physicists are using transmitters to change the way time flows and therefore how our time-frame vibrates. Hoagland says in his opinion: we are being manipulated into a belief system, which is reaching a critical point. Someone wants us to think a certain way, and things are being sent to follow this perception, however, he claims this does not follow the truth.

(Americans and Russians are both using scalar waves to engineer a particular kind of level of reality vibrating at a different frequency to the one we have at present and changing the expression of our brainwaves, which operate in scalar waves. Various frequencies are equal to the way we perceive life, depending on what parts of the brain are activated by that frequency) Hoagland says in hyperspacial physics constants change, and this seems to be happening. Nuclear constants are changing and nuclear plants sited on the grid or not are getting ‘hotter ’ than they should be, which means there might be more accidents. According to Bruce Cathie as well, this may be something to do with powering up gridnodes or vortexes, at intersection points on the world gridlines, in which he proved in his numerous books that hyperdimensional physicists are in a covert operation with alien help to create a new set of world gridlines, alongside the present ones connected to the North and South Poles.

Various strange phenomena occurs, along with UFO sightings along grid lines with the main lattice lines operating at 30 nautical miles apart. There seems to be a way in and out of hyperspace to other places in the universe when certain planetary configurations affect gravity using regular cycles and world biorhythms, and natural time tunnels open up. One needs to use very fine electromagnetic waves which operate in hyperspace for this. It ’s unknown if a wave more fine than scalar is being used for this, but ever since the 1950’s brainwave emanations have been able to be controlled using scalar waves, so what is being used here for the last few decades is what is called ‘synthetic telepathy’, which is artificial thought produced in the same kind of subtle wave that real thought has. The Russians developed this first.

Nuclear and electricty power stations are being build deliberately on the sensitive gridline points, using harmonics, (hyperdimensional physics) so ‘manipulate our reality’ as held by the timelines, which flow through the gridlines, positioned there by gravity. Bruce Cathie has claimed by using the formula covert scientists use to calculate the angle of the sun and planets, which time to best day to detonate a nuclear bomb in order to affect hyperspace, that when the Chernobyl accident happened everything was in the correct position astronomically as for the other nuclear explosions. There is covert tweaking of a new set of gridline nodes. The Russians bought the patent for Buckminster Fuller’s world gridline system. It is known that the Russians have had an alien alliance since the 1950’s. Whether they work in conjunction with Americans to manipulate hyperspace grid node points is unknown, but information found online says that the Russians had a large natural timeportal in Afghanistan in use, that the U.K./U.S. alliance intended on taking from them, hence the war in Afghanistan. Research shows that one faction is trying to operate an old Atlantean gridline, which is creating an old ‘reality’ associated with Montauk, Atlantis and Cydonia. It appears that various alien factions including the Pleiadians are trying to activate certain timelines running through Montauk, where it is said that many timelines cross.

So this major reality engineering work has been done for a very long time, behind the scenes with govt. and military people entering hyperspace and going into alternate universes. Bruce Cathie said that a UK intelligence agent told him that they could get into fifteen dimensions. It’s unknown if Tesla worked with the British physicists, if (or after) he faked his death and went to the U.K. but having more money to continue his work, after having been involved in the Philadelphia Experiment where it was found that time could be manipulated, we can only wonder. Harry Ossoff in the book Anti-Gravity and the World Grid wrote that the warship the Eldridge was on a gridline at Philadelphia and while the ship had vanished for four hours for the duration of its suction into hyperspace it materialised temporarily on another gridline at Norfolk, Virginia. The gridlines were determined by Bruce Cathie. Ossoff asks: "Could it be that the energy that makes all this possible is a magnetic field transmitted at the correct frequency by the powerful field generators aboard the ship?" Much has been learned about how hyperspace functions since the Philadelphia Experiment took place in 1943.

Is it possible that the Russians have learned how to navigate the gridlines with their cosmospheres by being able to materialise and dematerialise on the gridlines like the aliens do? Three Russians ‘discovered’ the grid in the 1960’s. However in the 1950’s both Aime Michel in France and Bruce Cathie in New Zealand both noticed that UFO’ s appeared in the same places or on the same latudes or longitudes. They both mapped out a set of gridlines at about the same which matched. When this went public Cathie was immediately visited by the CIA and MI-6. They tailed him everywhere wanting to know where he got his information and the CIA offered him millions of dollars to be quiet, which he turned down. The N.Z. govt protects him however and more than likely told everyone to back off and leave him alone, as he gives the data to them as he privately researches what is happening. Using his special harmonic equations to understand gridline tweaking and the opening of hyperspace portals carried on by physicists.

There appears to be a covert plan worldwide by top hyper-dimensional physicists to open up the gridlines at top universities and for this certain grid node areas have nuclear bombs dropped on them and one wonders why the French conducted 1,112 underground nuclear tests at Muroroa Atoll in the South Pacific between 1975 to 1988 alone. They have dropped more since. Richard Hoagland claims the French are really doing hyperdimensional physics. Did they create their own time-portal too? It would be a little attention getting to have dropped so many on France for this quest!

A general idea is given here:
http://www.mysteries-megasite.com/main/bigsearch/ley.html 

http://ascension2000.com/Shift-of-the-Ages/shift14.htm 
with Cathie’s work summarized here:
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Parliament/3460/bruce.html 


Part 5 of 6 excerpts. 

SUMMARY OF A SCALAR WAR THAT COULD OCCUR

Bearden paints a possible scenario: if for example the U.S. were to send a nuclear missile to Russia many things they have developed for defense using scalar technology could greet it before it even landed. Secret eavesdropping using scalar carriers may have heard it was about to be fired, and they could explode the missile before launch using a cloaked cosmosphere or aircraft. However if it does manage to launch, firstly it could be detected and tracked, then a continuous EMP Tesla globe could kill the electronics of the missile. Another intensely hot fireball globe could vaporize the missile, or a pulse mode fireball could explode it before it reached its target. Extremely large glowing spheres of light containing dense EM plasma energy created by crossed scalar beams could also activate the nuclear warhead en route by creating a violent low order nuclear explosion. Various parts of the flying debris can be subjected to smaller more intense Tesla globes where the energy density to destroy is more powerful than the larger globe first encountered. This can be done in pulse mode with any remaining debris given maximum continuous heating to vaporize metals and materials. If anything still rains down on Russia, they could have already made a Tesla shield over the targeted area to block it from entering the airspace.

The Tesla shield protecting the target could be made of three or more concentric Tesla shields, that would produce multiple electromagnetic pulse energy and severe heating of anything which enters it. These concentric Tesla shields can also clean up and sterilize any gamma radiation resulting from an explosion of the nuclear warhead. The Soviets are using unknown attributes of matter, phenomena and laws of nature by research covering the equivalent of 7-8 U.S. atom bomb projects back to back already.........

Continued.

........To recap: COLUMBIA 1 launched April 12, 1981 was shot down by two Russian cosmospheres. It crashed 85 miles south of Kazan in central Russia. A fake landing was staged at Edward’s Air Force Base using the shuttle ‘Enterprise’ and actors.

COLUMBIA 2 was launched November 12, 1981 secretly unmanned. It was shot down by Russian TU-144 jet airplanes using beam weapons, over the White Sea, near Finland.

COLUMBIA 3 was launched March 22, 1982. It was intended to orbit a special new Spy Satellite, which was hardened with tungsten against attack from Russia's space weapons and armed with a robot-controlled laser that could shoot back. The shuttle too was armed with lasers. It faked a landing on March 30, 1982 at White Sands. It successfully deployed a new laser-armed spy satellite. The crew returned for the first time. SPACE SHUTTLE 4 was launched successfully June 24, 1982. Its purpose was to deploy the satellite that would confirm the Phantom aircraft attack to start the war.......

...... The Russians continued to attack the next space shuttles. On Nov 26 1985 when the space shuttle ATLANTIS launched, a mysterious light was hanging in the sky. According to Tom Bearden a scalar interferometer in exothermic mode struck the area just prior to launch. Twelve minutes after launch, a huge atmospheric, rumbling explosion occurred over the area, and was heard for hundreds of miles up and down the coast. The Soviets were using the shuttle launches to test their ABM/antibomber missile system. However it apparently stayed up there.

According to Tom Bearden, after the space shuttle CHALLENGER was shot down in full view of the public, and along with the knowledge that the launch of other shuttles probably were Russian weapons tests: "The Russians (KGB) apparently had already decided to kill it, and so one would expect multiple fatal shots, continuing in a manner where they had already demonstrated our guys would not recognize what had happened, because our fellows back then knew nothing of scalar interferometry, and would not believe it. A small nation with scalar weapons friendly to America.That series of shots and interventions came to a sort of screeching halt when a friendly little nation simply destroyed several very large Russian missile storage facilities and such strategic targets.

One shot knocked out one-third the missiles in one of the large Russian fleets. So it quit being fun and games for the KGB at that point, because that little nation already had at least working prototype quantum potential weapons and could have blasted Russia right off the face of the earth at the time. And the Russians knew it. It was not sweet reason and diplomacy that backed them down; it was an iron fist. In the aftermath of all that activity, which eerily stayed well behind the scenes and was never recognized for what it was by the open news, the Soviet economy eventually collapsed, the Berlin Wall came down, and you know the rest..." he continues: " ‘War’ was never as cold as represented. Behind the scenes there were continual strategic maneuverings and preparations for the most spectacular strategic attacks ever dreamed of by the human mind. We got through it (at least until now) by the grace of God and by the guts and stamina of a friendly little nation also having some of the most powerful weapons on earth." (Bearden leaves no doubt that this was Israel in his other writings.)
More on that topic here. http://www.cheniere.org/correspondence/011303.htm  



Part 6 of 6 excerpts.  

JAPAN

According to Harry Mason in his Bright Skies articles, on 28 May 1993, 23:03 hrs a large orange-red spherical fireball, with a small bluish-white conical tail flew north from Leonora to Laverton in Western Australia. It emitted a pulsed, roaring or loud diesel-engine sound before it passed. It was witnessed over a 250km distance at least, though it probably had a much longer flight path, originating well out over the southern Indian Ocean from Antarctica. It appeared to arc down towards the ground, then disappeared. This was followed by a near-blinding, massive high-energy burst of blue-white light that rippled for about 3-5 seconds, lighting up the windless, cloudless, moonless night like it was daylight for about 100km in every direction. It looked like a nuclear blast, but no crater was ever found. Then a huge red-colored flare shot vertically for possibly several km, followed immediately by a massive seismic ground wave, that shook the ground so violently, that people fell over. The earthquake measured 3.9. Then a very loud, major explosive blast was heard over a 250km by 150km corridor. After this a large deep-red-orange colored hemisphere of opaque light, the size of a setting moon, with a silver outer-shell rose from ground level and hovered over "ground-zero" bobbing around for nearly two hours, before disappearing suddenly, like someone pulled a switch.......

.......The sheep station, where these fireballs landed is called Banjawarn, in the eastern goldfields region of Western Australia. It was purchased in late April the same year by the Japanese Aum Supreme Truth (Aum Shinrikyo) cult. A third fireball headed directly for Banjawarn station in May or June 1993 in the early morning, possibly about 5am, heading north. It was yellow-orange-red and had a very small blue-white tail. It lit up the dark sky with an intense blue-white flash. It could have ultimately reached the American navy scalar weapon faculty in Exmouth, NW of Western Australia. The Aum sect only occupied Banjawarn station for a month. Mason believes the activities on the Banjawarn station were of scalar EM origin and writes that the Aum cult sent a team to the Tesla Museum in Belgrade, Yugoslavia in 1992, with the object of knowing Tesla’s earthquake inducing weapons system technique, and they started this in 1993 at Banjawarn. The Banjawarn sheep station was purchased and occupied in 1993, by the Aum sect, and they stated their purpose there was ‘to conduct experiments for the benefit of mankind’. Aum sect’s deputy leader Kiyohide Hayakawa visited Perth in April 1993, and aided by a Japanese Mahikari cult agent, bought Banjawarn.....

....Mason says Hayakawa visited Russia twenty two times and North Korea seventeen times. After he bought Banjawarn station he visited a Soviet naval base in Vietnam. In 1991, according to Mason, Gorbechev offered to lease the Japanese the USSR’s super-secret intercontinental scalar EM weapons technology, capable of producing earthquakes for U.S. $900 million, used there since the 1960’s. A joint Russian-Japanese university was set up with the best nuclear physicists of both to develop new weapons with Japanese microchips. The Aum sect arrived as representatives of the Japanese. Aum had 30,000 Japanese then a further 50,000 Russians joined it. Tom Bearden believes that the Banjawarn Tesla fireball conforms to known Russian scalar technology......

..... Exmouth, West Australia, according to Mason, has a HAARP transmitter, which is a prototype experimental over the horizon plasma weapon. This may be why the Japanese Mitsui Corp. arranged an Australian prospector to do aerial photography, for "oil exploration" over the Exmouth, Laverton, Alice Springs (Pine Gap) and Longreach military transmitter faculties. Since 1990 lone Japanese motorcyclists have been mapping WA and NT bushtracks on Mitsui Corp. satellite imagery. Why is Japan intelligence gathering these sites? Laverton has both a scalar transmitter site and a radar site, close to the southern boundary of Banjawarn. Mason says that the Banjawarn fireball may be a warning to the owners of the Laverton faculties that the Japanese/Russian alliance can destroy their faculty. Wonder why the massive earthquakes have occurred in Siberia, and northern Japan in 2003 too, is this a similar warning?

1.2.2

5. WHAT CAN SCALAR WEAPONS DO?

A Tesla shield protecting a military target could be made of three or more concentric shields, that would produce multiple electromagnetic pulse energy and severe heating of anything which enters it. These concentric Tesla shields can also clean up and sterilize any gamma radiation resulting from an explosion of a nuclear warhead. 

Nicola Tesla even in the 1920s could create a protective 3 dimensional 'shield' or 'dome' formed by 2 or more transmitters sending widened scalar beams linked together over a target in a hemisphere shape. Instead of causing the target to explode which narrow more intense crossed beams would, a wider more encompassing beam could form a large plasma shell outside something to be protected. This acted like an electrifying force field shaped like a dome, which could cause anything which entered it to have its technology dudded, (inoperative) make incoming aircraft pilots die by destroying their nervous system and/or make an incoming missile, aircraft or tank blow up.

Multiple layers could be nested made of different kinds of plasmas which would ensure nothing could penetrate a protected target's groundspace or airspace. The Russians can make a Tesla shield up to 200 miles wide. These large luminous plasma shields have been witnessed by sailors over the oceans from time to time, as various nations test their scalar weapons in secret. Tesla, as early as the 1920s created globes or bullets of plasma with crossed scalar beams sucking the energy out of the air space in a 'cold explosion' causing it to freeze, or sending extreme heat into it to burn as a very powerful laser beam. 

These powerful beams can also travel right through the earth and create an earthquake at the antipodes of the earth and Tesla also experimented doing this. Hyperspace flux energy (potentials) flows as waves in a sea of intense power in the next dimension unharnessed, however when energy is manufactured artificially it can be made into different modes e.g pulse mode, energy extraction mode or explosion mode. If 2 timed pulses meet, an explosion extraction makes a sharp cooling and all heated energy is extracted out of the air back to the transmitter. This can make everything and everyone frozen. It preserves machines and buildings but not people. If a burning energy is sent the target has a nuclear like 'detonation' because energy emerges to a target destroying the nucleus of the atoms. Multiple scalar wave modes and frequencies can also be blended together into one beam as well.

Tesla globes can be manipulated to be small or large in manifold kinds of energy frequencies and directed to a target by 2 or more far away scalar transmitters. Many intense frequency small globes can be directed towards multiple incoming targets, like cannonballs causing major explosions. Alternatively a larger less intense globe sent can cause the electrics to dud in a plane, helicopter or missile causing it to malfunction and crash land. This technology has been used many times to crash planes or helicopters by using a portable scalar bazooka carried by a hidden terrorist or soldier. 

The Vietnamese and Soviets used this technology in the Vietnam war against American aircraft. Many planes crashes with inexplicable causes can be traced to this. These Russian made portable bazookas were also used by the Serbs against American helicopters during the Bosnian war. The Soviets used scalar weapons against the Afghanistans during their war. One may wonder if this explains current American helicopter crashes in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Scalar waves can be used for impenetrable communication inside an ordinary carrier wave. Artificial potentials can be used for 2 way communication with submarines, aircraft and ships. Scalar waves can be used to tap into normal communications even when encrypted. They can even destroy the enemies equipment if they wish using lock-in mode to locate the source or just continue eavesdropping. radar invisibility can be done by putting multiple transmitters around something to make a spherical interference shell in the bandwidth of the searching radar. Nothing in the air is safe with scalar weapons or anything on the ground, because any building can be penetrated and the inside contents destroyed from either narrow or wide crossed beams. 

There is nowhere to hide. Scalar beams can be sent by aircraft or satellite or even from the government UFOs of Russia, Britain, Australia and America. They can be sent from the UFOs the Nazis developed secretly in Germany during WW2, and which were relocated to their underground bases in Antarctica and all over South America before the war ended.


6.  SCALAR BEAMS AGAINST INDIVIDUALS

To totally destroy a person's nervous system and kill them instantaneously, a scalar weapon can be set on 'high intensity pulse mode'. This will destroy every living cell, bacteria and all germs so the body falls down like a limp rag, not even decaying in even 30-45 days. There is no living aspect left to decay. Entire groups of people can be killed this way even in a 50 mile radius on peak power. Scalar beams set on a lower power can render a person unconscious to be revived at a later date for interrogation. 

Crossed scalar beams can cover a whole range of targets from something right through the other side of the earth, to anything under the sea or ground. Not even metal will suffice to protect, as a metal softening mode can be deployed. Scalar beams can be put into X ray mode where a screen can show what is inside something, even under the sea and earth or inside buildings. This is called a remote viewing radar.

Anything in the sky can be instantly destroyed even from one country to another. All one country needs to destroy anything skybound in an enemy's country is to put 2 or more scalar transmitters forming a scalar wave-form interference grid whereby a shield is locked over a country in high intensity mode and this will cause anything which enters it to be destroyed. This can also destroy anything in the sea and detonate mines. The explosion shows up on the screen as a blossoming of the moving light on the square. 

The Russians mainly use their interference grids over the USA to control the weather moving hot or cold air where they can meet and create storms, hurricanes, torrential rain or droughts as they please. Earthquakes can be created along with volcanoes erupting according to Tom Bearden. Moisture can be brought from the ocean and sent overland and cold air from the north sent south. Violent thunderstorms can be created. He also claims since 1989 the Japanese Yazuka and Aum sects lease scalar interferometers from the Russians to do weather engineering over the USA.

However America can fight back with their own scalar weapons. One can silently down passenger planes as need be by sending low frequency scalar beam to make the engine fail, either from the interference grid squares or from even portable shoulder scalar weapon bazookas which can be targeted at helicopters or any aircraft above. Surface naval vessels can be attacked through their hulls as well as ocean bottom mines detonated. Any aircraft, or land vessels including tanks can be fitted with portable scalar weapons. Though tanks can easily be destroyed with them.

Tom Bearden claims that the Soviets and Americans have been silently downing each other's aircraft since the 1980s. Soviet made scalar weapons downed American aircraft in Vietnam. Right from when USA put up their first satellites the Russians have been shooting them down in cloaked Russian made UFO's with scalar and particle beam weapons. Between 1977 and 1982 Russia shot down many US satellites. At that time they wanted complete control over the skies and had put up killer satellites complete with beam weapons to target US satellites and even the space shuttles. It has been claimed by Tom Bearden that all the early space shuttles were shot down by the Russians and duplicate shuttles were landed from another base. 

There was a mad rush by the US govt to develop beam weapons to defend themselves against the Russians and they did this eventually shooting down a couple of the Russian made UFOs containing beam weapons. Revenge silently followed by passenger planes of each other's countries being targeted.


7.  SCALAR MIND CONTROL

In the early 1970's Hundreds of inmates at the Gunniston Facility of the Utah State Prison were subjected to scalar wave mind control. Inmates tried unsuccessfully to fight back in court. The University of Utah researched at that time how scalar waves could induce the mind into hearing voices, overriding and implanting thoughts into the mind, as well as reading the thoughts. They also developed eye implants. In 1998 scalar waves were used to test subliminal voices in the head in 2 Utah prisons. 

In Draper Prison, Utah a man called David Fratus in 1988 claimed voices in his inner ears were induced in him as clear as if listening to a set of stereo headphones. The mind control victims of US govt implants are also subjected to artificial voices in the head which are sent on scalar beam by satellite and and the HAARP transmitters and relayed to the GWEN Towers placed approximately every 200 miles across USA. Many of the messages relayed into these American mind control victims are said to come from aliens, with a 'message for mankind'. These 'alien messages' were first given to the prisoners in Utah and they all got the same messages.

The Russians, having a head start on decoding the brain can send subliminal messages by satellite over whole countries in their own languages, in scalar waves so subtle that the victims think they are their own thoughts occurring. They could make people think "God" is speaking to them and can also give a people suicidal thoughts. There is a suicide wavelength. The Russians and Israelis have been said to do this on mind control data websites. As well, the Americans have been using these subliminals to give 'voices in the head' messages (which includes to those with CIA or military controlled implants) that are supposedly from 'aliens' or "The Holy Spirit" to say e.g. the Second Coming will be here soon or earth needs to be evacuated and the person has been 'chosen'. 

Only certain people can pick this up according to whether they have implants (which relay messages into the head) or if they are natural telepathics. The mineral selenium when ingested beyond normal levels is said to increase the capacity to hear voices in the head. Though certain races have a higher hearing threshold and are able to pick up synthetic telepathy sent through the atmosphere more than others.

Russia's scalar transmitters are called "Woodpeckers" because of the woodpecker type tapping transmissions detected from them on the radio band. They have the technology to send subliminals right into a person's subconscious, bypassing the brain and could drastically influence the thoughts, vision, physical functioning, emotions and conscious state of a person by sending in subliminal signals even from a great distance. In the late 1960s the Soviets broke the genetic code of the human brain. It had 44 digits or less and employed 22 frequency bands across nearly the whole EM spectrum. But only 11 of the frequency bands were independent. The Soviets found they could make a person do something just by sending subliminals into the body, bypassing the ears.

Up to 16 of the Russian Woodpecker scalar transmitters have been observed to carry a common phase-locked 10 Hz modulation. 10 Hz is used to put people into a hypnotic state. The Russians can manipulate the moods of everyone in a 75 mile radius, with a circularly polarized antenna, and people's bodies have been shown to pick up the "new" mode of expression. Even "sleep" frequency will make everyone tired and fall asleep.


8.  AMERICA'S 'NO CONTACT' MASS MIND CONTROLLING NETWORK

According to the book Project L.U.C.I.D by Texe Marrs, John St Clair Akwei claims that the US National Security Agency (NSA) has had the most advanced computers in the world since the 1960's. The Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) mission of the NSA uses scalar waves for blanket coverage of the USA and can wirelessly tap into any computer in the USA and read the contents. As well as track people by the electrical currents in their bodies, which emanates a particular 'signature frequency'. 

This is possible because everything in the environment gives off scalar waves at right angle rotations off the normal electromagnetic wave. These can be searched for and tracked and are not subject to constraints of time and space. A person's frequency can be stored on a supercomputer and this can be tracked anywhere. They can be sent subliminal words sent in scalar waves which are so subtle that the person will think they are their own thoughts. Also NSA uses a secret program (developed since the MKULTRA mind control program of the 1950s) what is called "Radiation Intelligence". Scientific research from this is withheld from the public and there are international intelligence agreements to keep this technology secret. Using this technology the NSA records and decodes individual brain maps of hundreds of thousands of people for national security purposes. 

It is also used secretly by the military for a brain-to-computer link. Activity in the speech center of the brain can be translated into the subject's verbal thoughts and can also show up activity from their visual cortex on a video monitor. NSA operatives can see what the subject is seeing. Visual memory can also be seen and the NSA can place images directly into the visual cortex, bypassing the eyes and the optic nerves.

When a target sleeps secretly images can be installed into the brain during REM sleep for brain-programming purposes. Speech, 3D sound, and subliminal audio can also be sent to the auditory cortex of the brain, bypassing the ears. This "Remote Neural Monitoring" (RNM) can completely alter a subjects perceptions, moods and motor control. Different brainwave frequencies are connected with various parts of the body and when the right frequency to activate a section of the body is sent a person is powerless to stop it. Pain can be induced in mind control victims this way by targeting a section of the body. This has been spoken of by many mind control victims, accompanied by 'voices in the head' by the operators cruelly asking if it hurt and all done remotely without any physical contact with the victim. There has been a SIGINT wireless scalar wave brain monitoring network in the US since the 1940s according to John St Clair Akwei. 

He tells us how it is done with digitally decoding the evoked 'potentials' (see first section for more on potentials) in the 30-50Hz, 5 milliwatt electromagnetic emissions from the brain. In these emissions spikes and patterns show as evoked potentials. "Every thought, reaction, motor command, auditory event and visual image in the brain has a corresponding "evoked potential" or set of "evoked potentials". These can be decoded into the current thoughts, images and sounds going on in a target's brain. When complexly coded signals are sent to a victim, bypassing the eyes, optic nerves and ears, the faint images appear as floating 2D screens in the brain. Auditory hallucinations can be induced, creating paranoid schizophrenia.

The frequency the brain areas respond to are from 3 Hz to 50 Hz. For each brain area these are used: Brain Area: Bioelectric Resonance Frequency: Information Induced Through Modulation. Motor control cortex: 10 Hz: Motor impulse coordination Auditory cortex: 15 Hz: Sound which bypasses the ears Visual cortex: 25 Hz: Images in the brain, bypassing the eyes Somasensory: 9 Hz: Phantom touch sense Thought center: 20Hz: Imposed subconscious thoughts Only the NSA modulates this signal band into evoked potentials or scalar carriers. There are about 100 people working 24 hrs a day for the NSA at Ft Meade on this "Remote Neural Monitoring" (RNM). John St Clair Akwei, after being harassed by this NSA technology brought a lawsuit against the NSA. 

During the lawsuit process he was harassed by 3D sound, and his associates were also harassed to keep him isolated. No action was taken against the NSA in the 1991 lawsuit. In 1967 an "internationally renowned scientist" and Christopher Hills, a pendulum expert, communicated with some ETs. (It is not known who the scientist was but at one time both Hills and Puharich were working with the medium Eileen Garrett and Puharich was communicating with ETs called The Nine.The same ETs that the Bilderberger group (comprised of world leaders and European royals) who control the affairs of the planet) This is what the ETs told Christopher Hills via pendulum:

In short, ETs communicated with us via modulated radio-waves, between 10,000 and 20,000 cycles below the known electromagnetic-spectrum. In the carrier-wave by amplitude modulation, mixed with frequency modulation. Single band energy, transmission power less than 25 watts. A naturally present wave on earth the brain modulated - a wave that resonates between the earth and the ionosphere. All humans influence the ionosphere in this manner. A reflecting technique involved. The brain modulation consisted of pulses, akin to those known from neuro pulses. 

Two humans can use this. Related to something akin to low frequency radar and to ultrasonic techniques but qualified. A mixed electro-acoustic wave function. The electromagnetic-wave induced an ultrasonic transduction in human tissue. The brain radiation has a sonic component to it as well as an electromagnetic component. Electromagnetic-radiation has a sonic component and it's dependent on the medium through which it travels. The scientist cut through months of work. Now HAARP is slicing up the ionosphere, the world-brain, like a microwave knife, producing long tear incisions destroying the membrane which holds the reservoir of data accumulated by all earth's history. HAARP has already punched 360 x 30 miles holes in the ionosphere.


9.  INDUCING DISEASES WITH SCALAR WAVES

Tom Bearden also writes that a more advanced form of scalar weapon is known as a 'quantum potential' weapon has been developed by US, Russia, China, Israel and possibly Brazil . These weapons mimic the signature or frequency of a disease by recreating them on scalar carriers. Also any disease can be imprinted onto our cellular system using frequencies ranging from ultraviolet to infrared. 

Whole populations can have new diseases and death induced as well as latent diseases being activated with quantum potential diseases in targeted areas. Manufactured symptoms of radiation poisoning, chemical poisoning, bacterial infection and even the effects of many kinds of drugs including hallucinogenic ones can be induced with these very subtle scalar waves which flow in hyperspace or the sea of ether. They become imbedded right into the immune system or etheric counterpart of the physical body.

On the www.freedomdomain.com site a man called Kaznacheyev found that the induction of diseases could be effected by the Woodpecker scalar transmitters in the near ultraviolet range. Experiments at the University of Marburg in West Germany duplicated these disease inducing scalar wave experiments in infrared. Dr Popp of West Germany, after analyzing the virtual photon master control system of the cells found that scalar virtual particle flux which determines the genetic blueprint pattern of the cells can be easily entered with scalar techniques to induce disease and cell disorder at will.


10 . TESLA'S SCALAR WAVE TECHNOLOGY WAS SECRETLY CONTINUED BY RUSSIA AND THE NAZIS

While the American government rejected Tesla's energy without wires and left him penniless, Russia and Germany asked Tesla to work for them. He turned them down, but according to Preston Nichols he faked his death in 1943 and was spirited away to the UK. From then on it was a frenzied battle between the Soviets and Germany to develop scalar technology. Russia got a head start in learning how scalar waves can be drawn from hyperspace by sending an agent to seek out a man in Utah who built a machine for doing this Utah. A Soviet agent destroyed the device after learning how the machine operated.

The man, T H Moray learned about Tesla's 'sea of ether' and had made a scalar interferometer. Germany had developed anti-gravity technology in 1939 by back-engineering a crashed UFO. By WW2, they led the world in radar and infrared science as well as radar absorbing materials and radar cross section. Some leading western experts think they developed radar cross section beyond western levels today, but there is evidence of an alien alliance during the war so this may have been influential. The Germans were using time reversed waves, which caused a scalar wave to follow back and respond to the source of a received ordinary electromagnetic wave. 

During WW2 many of the best Nazi scientists escaped to a base they'd developed secretly in Antarctica, getting supplies from South Africa as well as to German communities in Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, and other Latin America countries. After the war Americans moved the remainder of the best Nazi scientists to US, with the Soviets, French and British taking the remainder to their countries. However the Soviets became angry at the Americans for taking first choice of Nazi scientific brains, so in 1946 they just cleaned out the majority of scientists and technicians back to the Soviet Union, about 275,000 men plus all their families from Soviet occupied eastern Germany. 

By the 1950 the Soviets had developed time-reversed waves. They has also forced the captured Germans to build them a fleet of anti-grav saucers complete with particle beam and scalar beam weapons. In Antarctica the Nazis had Tesla's "Death Ray", capable of sending a lethal beam even to the moon to create an incandescent spot, when aimed at it. Tesla devastated with his "Death Ray" - likened to a modern day particle beam weapon. 

According to Al Bielek the Russians have particle beam weapons which can shoot 1000 miles into space, and they use these to shoot down any UFO within 200 miles radius of their sky. The Americans also have many particle beam weapons and they too shoot down UFOs. There is apparently a war going on in space, and the Russians and Americans have secretly got together to fight it. It is unknown who the UFO occupants are, but the Nazi's in Antarctica are said to be invincible with their superweapons.


11.  IS THERE A SECRET WAR GOING IN THE SKIES?

Japan now has scalar weapons and has got together with Russia to develop them. In 1991, according to Harry Mason, Russian President Gorbechev offered to lease the Japanese the super-secret intercontinental scalar weapons, capable of producing earthquakes for $900 million, which they'd used in the Soviet Union since the 1960's. Tom Bearden also claims they leased them in 1989. A Joint Russian-Japanese university was set up to develop new weapons with Japanese microchips to overpower the US and jointly rule the world. After Tesla "died" in 1943, his papers were sent to a Tesla Museum in Yugoslavia, where the Japanese obtained the knowledge of Tesla technology. The scalar weapons were developed by a Japanese scientist an IQ higher than Einstein.

They too, like the Americans tested their scalar weapons in the outback of Western Australia, possibly using a base in Antarctica in which to send scalar waves to their Australian transmitter to produce earthquakes and Tesla globes. The Japanese scalar scientists are tied up with various cults and feel that the Japanese emperor should rule the planet, as well as having a policy of exacting revenge on former enemies culminating in a "Final War" against the Christian west and Islamic world. 

It is the Japanese Aum sect and Yakuza mafia who are still leasing the Russian scalar transmitters and have steadily used them for weather engineering over America since the nineties for target practice. Bearden claims that the Japanese may be allowed by the Russians to down planes now and then. The Japanese cult members in their govt are also tied up with North Korean cult members. The Russians have been weather engineering over America since the 1960's using their interference grid to target specific areas.


12. WHO ELSE IS CONTINUING TESLA'S SCALAR TECHNOLOGY?

Unlike Western universities, Eastern Europe and Russia have always included Tesla's scalar wave research openly in their curriculum and so they got a head start with multiple facilities built all over the Soviet Union to build scalar weapon transmitters starting from the 1950's. This was further hastened by making captured East German scientists work for the Soviets leading that country straight into the space age, giving them UFOs fitted with scalar and particle beam weapons. 

The UFOs even had cloaking technology. America, even though they had Nazi scientists working for them after the war at Area 51 on anti-gravity, didn't realize how advanced the Soviets had become with scalar technology until they found out they'd been secretly attacked during the 1950's undetected. In 1960 the Soviet premier Kruschev announced to the world, that they had "superweapons". In 1963 they deliberately destroyed a US atomic submarine undersea by Puerto Rico with scalar weapons. They next day over the Puerto Rico Trench the Soviets used scalar weapons in a different mode to produce a giant underwater explosion. US was defenseless against an unknown type of weapon. In 1965 the Great Sandy Desert in Western Australia was mapped out and chosen by the US govt to begin scalar weapons testing. 

Even though 'officially' Tesla's papers were kept by the FBI after he died and were labeled 'top secret', lest they get into the hands of the enemy, Tesla had passed all his knowledge and research onto a young American physicist 2 weeks before he died in 1943. The US military in Western Australia tested crossed scalar beams aimed into the ground to create earthquakes on a target map of squares and also created Tesla globes from crossed scalar beams in the sky. Pine Gap the secret underground American military base has 2 scalar transmitters and they also have at least another in Exmouth, N Western Australia. Others American scalar transmitters besides various ones all over USA are at Alaska, Puerto Rico, Greenland, Norway and Antarctica.

Though many countries have scalar weapons now, other countries could easily be target of those with scalar weapons and never know what the cause of their explosions, mind control or weather engineering. So of course more and more countries are getting the scalar technology needing it to defend themselves as well and this keeps getting passed on especially by the Russians. The other thing is one may know it is a scalar attack but have no idea who did it. The known countries which have scalar weapons are: America, Russia, France, Australia, Germany, Japan, China, Taiwan, South Africa, Israel, Brazil, UK and Argentina as well as various populations of Nazis still operating in Antarctica and all over South America. It is unknown how Brazilians got scalar weapons and quantum potential weapons, but the Brazilians have had alien technology for some time and also the Vatican has covert technology and has been said to have a base for this in Sth America for their secret space program. 

There is extensive coverage of Brazil's space program in my 40 page article "Scalar Weapons: Read it and Weep". This covers China and Japan's weapons as well as extensive coverage of Russia's attacks on America, especially the space shuttles and the technology of the Nazis in Antarctica. Others may have them such as Ukraine and Nth Korea but as yet no proof exists for these countries. Even in the alternative press not enough has been said about scalar weapons to the extent where normal conspiracy researchers and writers are as familiar with their dangers as they should be because even online they hardly get a mention on conspiracy sites. Yet they are probably the most life threatening on the planet, that is known.

For more information see: http://www.theuniversalseduction.com
The Universal Seduction Vol 3: Scalar Weapons. Read It And Weep by Christi Verismo.

For more on America's use of Tesla technology and joint alien/US military undereground bases in Australia, anti-gravity technology and use of time portals.
The Universal Seduction Vol 2. Pine Gap, Australia's Area 51 by Christi Verismo.

The Lost Journals of Nicola Tesla by Tim Swartz and Mind Control by Tim Swartz in:
The Universal Seduction Vol 1
and The Lost Journals of Nicola Tesla - HAARP - Chemtrails and the Secret of Alternative 4
http://www.members.tripod.com/uforeview/swartz.html 

Secret Black Projects of the NWO by Tim Swartz. Abelard Productions.
http://www.members.tripod.com/uforeview/swartz.html 

About the Nazis in Antarctica:
Evil Agenda Of The Secret Government By Tim Swartz
http://www.members.tripod.com/uforeview/swartz.html 

Nikola Tesla: Journey to Mars - Are We Already There? By Sean Casteel
http://www.members.tripod.com/uforeview/teslabooks.html 

Nikola Tesla - Free Energy and the White Dove by Commander X
http://www.members.tripod.com/uforeview/commanderx.html 

Incredible Technologies of the New World Order: UFOs-Tesla-Area 51 by Commander X
http://www.members.tripod.com/uforeview/commanderx.html 

Tom Bearden's scalar weapon website, http://www.cheniere.org 

The Historical Background of Scalar Weapons by Tom Bearden.
http://www.geocities.com/Area51/Shadowlands/6583/project233.html 

Tom Bearden on what the Russians have been doing since the late 1950's with scalar technology against the U.S. and numerous more examples of scalar attacks can be found at:
http://www.earthchangestv.com/ufo/0209gandor.htm 
http://216.247.92.101/pub/bearden/examples.htm 
http://www.cheniere.org/correspondence/110502.htm 

Scalar Wars: The Brave New World of Scalar Electromagnetics
http://216.247.92.101/pub/bearden/scalar_wars.htm 

For the US and Japanese military testing of scalar weapons in Australia, see Harry Mason's 'Bright Skies':
http://www.tmgnow.com.repository/secret/brightskies.html 

For US scalar activity and joint alien underground bases in Australia: Fortress Australia:
http://rumormillnews.com/FORTRESS_AUSTRALIA.htm 

For the true story of the Russians shooting down the space shuttles and the Russian UFO development:
Fire From The Sky: http://www.anomalous-images.com/text/files.html 

For more on America's scalar technology:
HAARP. the Ultimate Weapon of the Conspiracy by Jerry E Smith.
http://www.jerryesmith.com 

Also The End of the World by Jerry E Smith The Universal Seduction Vol 3

Commentary on the book Day After Roswell by Sean Casteel. (about reverse engineering crashed UFOs etc) The Universal Seduction Vol 3

Also in Vol 3 of The Universal Seduction, 4 more chapters called:
US patents of Mind Control.
The Secrets of Mind Control.
Domestic Surveillance, Mind Control Technology and the NSA.
The Montauk Project and Physics Run Amok by Alexander Bruce.

For more on how time operates through the gridlines by Bruce Cathie:
http://www.geocities.com/CapitolHill/Parliament/3460/bruce.html 

For more on the Nazi's anti-gravity saucers: UFOs Nazi Secret Weapon? Mattern-Friedrich. Samisdat Publishers Toronto, Canada. (About 1966.)

For more on the US anti-gravity program: The Hunt For Zero Point by Nick Cook.

For Brazil's contact with aliens: My Contact With UFOs (also known as flying saucers) by Dino Kraspedon.

My website for more data. http://www.angelfire.com/oz/cv/index.html 

Links

Home
The Universal Seduction book series
Excerpts from my article about Pine Gap in The Universal Seduction
Excerpts from my article on scalar weapons in The Universal Seduction
My online book called Technorealities


 

Excerpts from
THE UNIVERSAL SEDUCTION BOOK SERIES 
http://www.angelfire.com/oz/cv/excerpts.html 


THE HISTORY OF THE ROSE GARDEN,
PUBLISHING IMPRINT OF THE UNIVERSAL SEDUCTION
Piercing the Veils of Deception series
Humanity's present condition is reminiscent of the story of the twelve blind Indians from India, each of whom touched a different part of an elephant and then tried to describe the elephant in terms of their own particular limited data and understanding. Predictably, many disagreements developed from the divergent beliefs concerning the true nature of the elephant. The problem was ultimately resolved when the blind Indians began communicating with each other and each began to see the whole picture.

Although some individuals, groups and organizations have assembled more puzzle pieces than others, it is apparent that no individual or grouping of individuals has yet to assemble all of the puzzle to "The Big Picture," a difficult task especially when one considers that every individual and grouping of individuals is also part of the puzzle.

In June of the year 2000, a group of individuals who shared a common concern for humanity came together via the Internet seeking to discover what is actually transpiring not only on the earth, but also in the cosmos. They began to share their insights and research with each other, culminating in the publication of "The Universal Seduction: Piercing the Veils of Deception,” Volumes I, II and IIl.

The group, which later became known as "The Rose Garden Club" was, from the beginning, non-hierarchical and democratic in nature, loosely organized and coordinated. This was done so that the group--as a whole--could not be manipulated or subverted to the desired ends of a few. There was also a communal willingness to communicate and cooperate with each other in order to gain a balanced perspective. Even though each and every member was not always in total agreement on all issues, an amenable camaraderie prevailed where everyone was agreeable to the concept of examining all relevant points of view. As such, there never was an "official"club position, nor is there today---other than a common concern and desire for freedom and human dignity.

Here are some of the areas into which we have been looking:
~The potential enslavement through the manipulation of the economies of nations.
~The behind-the-scenes or secret attacks on Constitutional governments.
~Ominous developments in space-age weaponry, technology and warfare, including mind and weather control.
~UFO's--sightings, space contacts, abductions, underground bases and cover-ups.
~Beneficial developments in technology, science, metaphysics, nature and religion either inadequately covered by mainstream media or not yet in full use.
~Important truths with little or no previous dissemination for mass public consumption.
~Any covert or overt activity which threatens Humanity.

Please feel free to sample the material on this site, data that is not necessarily available from other sources, information with a concern for individual rights and liberties, freedom, and human dignity. With the help of the various viewpoints presented herein and in "The Universal Seduction" volumes, may we begin to awaken to the nature of reality, and then---as best we can---seek out and awaken others.



THE ROSE GARDEN CLUB GROUP CREDO:
To question, doubt, research and to avoid absolute conclusions on any one aspect of the whole; To attempt to see a total picture emerge from the individual cohesiveness of the parts; To understand that the truth is that which is always to be questioned, always in need of more exploration and discovery; To dedicate ourselves to gathering more and more information about the totality and sharing with others around the world what we discover.



CHAPTER EXCERPTS FROM OUR WRITERS, PUBLISHED IN
Volumes ONE to THREE of "THE UNIVERSAL SEDUCTION" series
VOLUME ONE  -  Table Of Contents

VOLUME TWO  -  Table Of Contents

VOLUME THREE  -  Table Of Contents  
(Including chapter on Scalar Weapons: Read It And Weep by Christi Verismo)


Excerpt from the chapter:
SCALAR WEAPONS: READ IT AND WEEP  -  Part 1 of 6 excerpts.  
By Christi Verismo
http://www.angelfire.com/oz/cv/cverismo3e1.html

Please send far and wide as a warning about the dangers of approx 15 nations having dangerous scalar weapons. Inability to keep track of and understand advanced physics is why this problem of ignorance has occured, letting multiple nations have terrifying scalar beam technology which can destroy the whole planet at the press of a few buttons. This 40 page chapter is easy to understand for the non scientific. Permission to repost as long as left unaltered, with author, book title and website intact.

Book excerpt from Vol 3 of http://www.theuniversalseduction.com

1.2

How to Make Weather

   "First, the interferometers can deliberately make "high pressure areas" (cool the air so it shrinks and its "footprint" pressure on the ground increases because its density increases) and "low pressure areas" (heat the air so that expands and its "footprint" pressure on the ground decreases because its density decreases). Well, if one makes the highs and lows where one wishes them, and judiciously and somewhat slowly moves them along a given path, these highs and lows will entrain the jet streams and thus "steer" the weather. 

"So if you wish a very cold snap or attack, go up into Canada and start these actions to steer down some streams that bring some very frigid air. Establish other highs and lows judiciously to "block" or "slow" other jet streams and flows as desired. In this way, one can pull the "large cold air masses coming down from Canada" deep into the southern U.S. at will. They do it regularly. If you wish an ice storm, add an additional current of warm moist air you bring up (steer up by using artificial highs and lows) from the ocean. Where they meet, you will get freezing rain, then sleet, then severe icing accumulating. This type of attack does rather large damage to the struck area."

Whole websites have now sprung up showing weather radar anomalies which may well be indications of scalar weather engineering. One list of over 500 images is here. Cheniere has its own collection here. 

Here is an animated anomaly with cloud formation.

In another section at Cheniere are many photos of cloud anomalies which reveal the underlying grid along which the clouds are forming or un-forming. Bearden relates a startling incident in these ongoing "weather wars."

"During the spring of 1986, abnormally strong Soviet weather engineering occurred over the U. S., causing a drastic drought in the southeastern U.S. This drought was broken by a colleague who used an extremely powerful scalar EM device to redirect jetstreams. A most unusual and unique signature of the "blocking" against the Soviet scalar EM actions resulted: Two huge circulations developed in the atmosphere, clearly showed as two adjacent giant "holes" in the swirling cloud cover over the middle and eastern U.S.

"Between these two giant holes, the cloud circulations formed a stream of clouds, moving to the south, looking very: much like a giant vertical "bar" of a huge "Y-shaped" cloud flow.* Several national weathermen commented on this unusual pattern, which had not been observed before. The pattern continued, day after day, as the blocking continued." 

How to Make an Earthquake
(this info is already logged)

How to make a Big Eye in the Sky

By using longitudinal wave interferometry in a weakly endothermic mode a new kind of "radar" is now possible, one which can look right through the earth and oceans. Because the endothermic mode extracts energy from the distant target, a pattern of the target area can be scanned for in the returned energy. 

"Thus the receiver produces a representation of the energy extracted from various locations within the distant endothermic zone. By displaying the received signals on an appropriately scanned screen, a representation of the distant scene in the intersection zone can be created. Indeed this is a special kind of "microwave interferometry," and -- with modern techniques -- the imagery obtained might be surprisingly good. With development, it might even become as good as the image presently obtained by side-looking acquisition radars. 

"Interestingly enough, since scalar EM beams will easily penetrate the earth or the ocean, one can also look beneath the earth or beneath the ocean with this type of scanning scalar interferometer. 

"The importance of this capability to strategic and tactical reconnaissance is obvious. Camouflage, cover, and concealment have no effect on such a system. One can easily look inside buildings and into underground facilities. With a small system such as this, the U.S. Marines at Khe Sahn would have had little difficulty locating the tunnels continually dug under the perimeter by the Viet Cong. And targets under jungle canopies are directly visible." 

How to Make a Storm on the Sun!!
(Just make a big mistake with your Tesla howitzers)

The deepest dangers of the use of scalar weapons are frighteningly pointed out by Bearden here where he considers that the sun, earth and moon (actually the whole solar system) is a delicately balanced arrangement of scalar (longitudinal) EM radiation. There is a scalar connection between the earth and the sun, which are both giant dipoles gushing energy in the time domain. Big scalar events on the earth could alter this balance causing true catastrophe.

"Indeed, a solar response could be stimulated so that the Sun would violently belch and destroy our biosphere, among other effects." 

Unrestrained scalar warfare could cause huge solar storms? To realize that human activity could actually affect the sun itself is truly mind boggling.

Bearden goes on to say: 

"Accordingly, use of huge scalar EM weapons is a double-edged sword. Unless carefully employed, use of the weapons could cause a terrible backlash to the user as well as the victim, and even accidentally cause the destruction of the earth itself. It is not accidental that in 1960 Khrushchev stated that his new fantastic weapon could -- if unrestrainedly used -- destroy all life on earth.

"This appalling backlash potential is apparently what prompted Brezhnev in 1975 to make so strong an effort to get agreement to outlaw the development of "new weapons of mass destruction" more frightful than the mind of man had even dreamed of. Gromyko even introduced such a draft agreement into the proceedings of the United Nations. The first article of the draft agreement indicated that the nature of the weapons referred to would be negotiated. Sadly, the entire Western world did not even know what the Russians were talking about."

The Tesla howitzers can be used in a nearly impregnable defensive mode whereby they throw up a dome (Tesla Dome) or a sphere (Tesla Globe) of highly powerful electromagnetic energy, enough to "dud" or destroy missiles which try to penetrate them. Once again, this energy is not going through space from the howitzer, but being made to emerge from the local vacuum at the location of the shell.  KGB tests of these domes have been witnessed by airline pilots around the world. Bearden gives many examples of the Tesla domes being sighted around the world in his briefing paper "Fer-de-Lance." (Russian dome test, another globe incident, yet another globe test). These giant electromagnetic domes can be hundreds of miles across, or narrowed down more to total impermeability. 

"Such a shell may be several hundred miles in diameter at the base. The enormous energy required to form such a defense shell is obtained by a "scalar power tap" into the molten core of the earth itself, as previously explained. In late April/early May of 1985, 27 such "power taps" were placed in the earth by the Soviets. If each tap is capable of powering four to six large scalar EM weapons, then the Soviet strategic scalar EM arsenal contains over 100 monstrous superweapons capable of generating exothermic explosions, endothermic explosions, engineering the weather, locating and destroying underwater submarines, detecting and destroying ballistic missiles shortly after launch, detecting and destroying long range strategic bombers as soon as they are airborne, etc." http://www.cheniere.org/books/ferdelance/s52.htm

By using nested domes one can protect the domed area even against nuclear radiation itself. Tesla globes can be used to hit airborne targets by simply placing a globe of any chosen size in the flight path of the incoming missile. It does double duty because the missile hits it going in, and then the rubble hits it again going out the other side. 

While the U.S. persists in its useless boondoggle "missile defense system" by shooting a missile with a missile (missiles which would already have been "dudded" by the Tesla howitzers), between the domes and the globes the Russians (KGB) have in hand (operational) a nearly perfect missile defense system. Someone should ask the Secretary of Defense if the U.S. Tesla domes are in place. And over which cities? How powerful are our American Tesla domes? 

3. Rogue Groups in the government

Bearden fears that these scalar electromagnetic secrets may have fallen into the hands of what he called secret "rogue groups" within the labyrinthine depths of the black-ops special-access domain of the secret government. "In the extreme, such a deep black program can even become a "captured" program," he says, "which is totally in the hands of rogues and no longer reports to or is bound by the dictates of the parent government."

"In highly classified groups, these groups are greatly enabled to joust more widely, unethically, and immorally because it is so deeply hidden. So very deep classification evokes the growth and intensity of rogue groups. It's the old 'Power corrupts, and absolute power corrupts absolutely' routine. ... Due to loose formation of rogue groups inside such programs, they may have dual or triple purposes, may not operate under very much legitimate government control at all, and may operate specifically for the purposes of the rogue group or groups that have gained control."

"The involvement of at least some rogue groups, some being "cowboys" who operate well outside all laws and ethics, could also result in such things as assassinations, clandestine testing on individuals without their consent, etc. In short, it could account for what seems to be actually occurring. "  

4. World War III has already begun

"When that factor is considered, then it's a totally new ball game on replacing the power system. There isn't going to be much choice; the old one is going to be destroyed or so badly crippled that it will collapse the U.S. economy in a way we have not seen since 1929. Of course, in such a case hitting us, we will be under martial law, the works, everywhere. For one thing, it's the only way you can keep the cities from imploding from within, by the criminal element, looting, robbing, killing, etc. Simply wait and see; it's on the way." 

"In the new war, the first phase of WW III has already been completed. Hence President Bush's recognition that this is a total war, and has to be taken to the enemy no matter where he may be hiding or in what sanctuary or in what foreign nation. This is an entirely different war than anything the U.S. has ever fought in its history. And before it is over, it is going to kill more Americans than have died in all the previous wars in our history. The news media and the public have not yet recognized that awful situation and predicament. Most are already thinking that, well, we won in Afghanistan so it's just about over. Instead, it has only just begun.

5. Are the Russians making "UFOs?"

Scalar electromagnetics engineering opens the possibility of antigravity vehicles and "hyperspace travel." In other words we can now make our own UFO's! Of such scalar-powered antigravity vehicles, which have now become possible, Bearden has this to say:

"We might expect to see such vehicles glowing. Their various surface features and mechanisms might appear to be glowing or revolving lights, etc.

"They could exhibit incredible "aerodynamic performance," seemingly in the atmosphere. Actually they would not be moving "through" the atmosphere at all, but through a higher space outside each particle of atmosphere.

"They could seem to materialize and dematerialize.

"They could seem to plunge into the ocean or rise out of it.

"They could even seem to operate under the ocean or inside the earth itself.

"Such anomalous vehicle performances have been seen all over the world, particularly since a few years after WWII.

"It appears that one or more nations of Earth are operating such vehicles now in great secrecy. Our own "government" may even be one of these.

"If so, it isn't our true "government/government." Instead, it's the "control group/government." It's government at the operational level, but at higher level it belongs to certain control groups who have penetrated our government's vitals and taken over all such projects."

By what we have been considering here, we can recognize the signatures of scalar electromagnetic engineering. If it is a Tesla howitzer, then the energy for the plasma balls is coming from the vacuum of spacetime at the very location of the balls themselves, triggered by scalar interferometers aimed through the woodpecker grid. 

These kind of balls can be used as marker beacons giving feedback for precision aiming of the howitzers. The energy of the marker beacon can be read back into the computers giving precise location information for pinpoint aiming. The target area can be very small, or widened out. 

There is a little movie of one of the Hessdalen plasma balls here. It would seem to be a clear documentation of a scalar howitzer marker-beacon. How many other current "UFO" sightings are actually the witnessing of Tesla howitzer tests?

In fact there are a great many anomalous events of the past few decades which might very well be explained by the Russian testing of their longitudinal electromagnetic weapons. It would seem that the mysterious appearance of crop circles around the world could be accomplished by feeding a precise mathematical graphic pattern into the computerized aiming software and change the very molecular structure of the crops themselves along the lines of that pattern. The stalks fall over from the localized effect of the longitudinal waves. A plasma ball tracing patterns? Are they slyly sending a message to see if we are "getting it" yet? 

4. Healing powers of longitudinal waves 

Proof of the healing powers of longitudinal waves from the vacuum is seen in the work of Antoine Priore who produced longitudinal scalar waves using a gigantic glass tube filled with plasma. He himself did not understand why it worked or how it cured cancer in animals.

Bearden has stated that the longitudinal EM waves can have a healing effect because they always come in pairs called "phase conjugate pairs" and one of the pair is time-reversed. This enables engineering of the waves to "pump" the cells of the body (with waves from the time domain) and actually time-reverse the cells back to a previous healthy condition. The scalar cure of cancer does not involve killing the cancer cells but rather pumping them with time energy into a previous condition. I know, this seems miraculous, and is it not? 

Bearden has extended the Priore work, with the previously missing knowledge now in place, and designed a revised system (for irradiating the body with longitudinal waves) which gets rid of Priore's giant glass plasma tube and uses instead an antenna unit which surrounds the body. He has also provided the missing explanation of how it works. There is an article from "Explore" magazine, Part I and Part II.

"Quick development of this technology could lead to a suitcase size device, capable of treating a patient in less than one minute, and stopping the symptoms and disease progress cold, then reversing it. Three "less than a minute" treatments one week apart would be required for complete cure. As an added advantage, partial reversal of aging in older patients would also be accomplished as a bonus, in addition to time-reversing the damaged and diseased cells...

"The method proposed to the DoD in 1998 used normal EM in a peculiar way to force the body itself to make its own time-polarized EM waves, and pump every part of its cells -- including the genetics -- in the time domain.

The Dark Side of the Force:  
Creating and broadcasting disease

Speaking of the scalar wave induction of disease by longitudinal wave patterns Bearden refers to work by French scientist Kervran and Russian scientist Kaznacheyev, who proved that any disease could be transmitted electromagnetically.  

"It works this way: the Kaznacheyev experiments (and others) demonstrated that any cellular disease or disorder can be initiated into cells at a distance, by electromagnetic means (albeit unusual EM in nature). The decades of microwave radiation of the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, was an ongoing set of "stimuli" to ping the U.S. system and, by its response, ascertain how far along (or if it was "along") in its knowledge of such weapons. The radiation was responsible for many health changes in personnel and for the eventual deaths of three U.S. Ambassadors." Bearden 

 How to "Broadcast" Diseases
Longitudinal EM Biowars

Bearden explains how the new quantum potential weapons can be used to induce disease-at-a-distance in a population, or to "spread" the immune system so thin that a conventional bio-attack would be greatly potentiated. By "broadcasting" virtual disease patterns over a population, the immune system is so overloaded by the presence of the "shadow" diseases that its effectiveness is thinned out.

"In short, alter the internal wavestructure, and one creates a curved spacetime 'engine' that acts on mass in any fashion one chooses to design -- including initiate diseases . . . Now visualize one of these 'vacuum engines' or 'spacetime curvature engines' that acts on mass to generate the exact effects produced by anthrax. (Or any other disease one wishes) . . . Call the virtual state of a disease engine the disease pattern in the "shadow" state, just prior to becoming observable. . . .
"So the cellular control system responds to "shadow state" disease patterns. Enter a QP weapon application. Place a quantum potential weapon "area" on the United States, so that the entire populace is in it. The slowly introduce and bring up in the shadow state, the necrotizing fasciitis disease engine. At some point, the cellular control systems will react, and order the immune system into action. In other words, immune system resources will be committed against this "immediately coming" enemy. Bring it on up a little, but still just in the shadow state. Voila! Humans form a bell-shaped distribution curve. And even if the structure of the QP fluctuates a little, fluctuating a bit stronger and a bit weaker, etc. A few of those targeted bodies will now actually develop necrotizing fasciitis. So far, just like the U.S. Embassy targeting, except a different "carrier".

"But now there is an exact signature that this is what is doing it, and not normal vector carriers of disease and contact or exposure infection. The few cases of necrotizing fasciitis that break out will be most puzzling. They will be randomly scattered across the entire nation, and so few that the vector carrier and contact or exposure explanation completely fails."

"And that one happened, right here in the U.S., not so long ago. Check it out.

"So carefully adjust the patterns for, say, 12 major terrible diseases, to that "adjusted and desired shadow state level". Now add all 12 patterns into the internal structure of the quantum potential. Now it has 12 shadow state disease engines in it.

"Place that one on a populace. The cellular control systems order the immune systems into action, and they now have to commit their finite resources to 12 different areas. This greatly thins the response an immune system can make to any one of those 12 disease patterns! In short, it "spreads" the capabilities of the immune system, which can be galvanized to great effort, but only can perform a small bit against each area.

"So the weapons alluded to by the SecDef in 1997 are already being employed. WW III has already begun, and our populace (and our scientific community) is blissfully unaware of it."

"This quantum potential disease induction weapon -- capable of attacking an entire population of a nation or area -- has been tested several times in the U.S. at very low levels, in the shadow state only (we explain shortly) and it has a most peculiar signature. E.g., one test used necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-rotting disease) engines. 

"In short, it was not spread in any manner required by normal deterministic disease vectoring, but was a totally random set of occurrences. Several other diseases were also tested this way in the American populace, with precisely the same signature."  

"I'll say this flatly, and I won't answer any further questions about it; the Gulf War Syndrome was induced... It was induced with this stuff. All the rest... was contributing factors that everybody's talking about... There are some deeper signatures, if you look into it very deeply, that show you exactly how it was done and the fact that it was induced. It was a test. It was a test of a very special kind of weapon I have not talked about yet. Anyway you can use it to create diseases."

5. Psychoenergetics

Scalar Psychoenergetics in its most primitive form simply "entrains" all minds in the target area into a deep hypnogogic trance. In this state of mind people would be suddenly extremely suggestible, and would likely believe anything they are told, and would obey any orders given. Talk about winning the hearts and minds of the American People!

And ultimately psychoenergetic warfare goes to the very heart of human identity itself. For if my thoughts might no longer be "mine," then who and what am I? Can my very sense of being "me" be hijacked by some nefarious psychoenergetic scheme? Will the "secret government" eventually dictate directly into your mind how you feel about yourself? Or what you think you are? Or what you should do?

"Calling full attention to the special note above, in this paper we present a high-level over�view of the novel electromagnetic nature of mind operations, mind and body coupling, and intent - the induction of physical 3-space EM energy changes into the brain and nervous system, and into every cell of the body, from the mind's time-like coherent operations. We summarize the time-polarized electrodynamics used to engineer and affect mind operations and the mind-body coupling loop. Transduction mechanisms whereby differing EM wave polarizations can be transformed one-into-the-other are presented." Bearden

The seemingly magical operations of psychoenergetics, sometimes called "psychotronics," cannot be achieved with ordinary transverse EM wave energy. But they are possible with longitudinal scalar waves because the mind itself is scalar in nature.

"We note that all mind operations are time-like, i.e., they are comprised as scalar EM photon functions and scalar EM wave functions. Thus the mind is a very special kind of electromagnetic system, existing in the time domain..." Bearden

The engineering of the mind can only be accomplished with the waves of time. 

The course of psychoenergetics development necessitates the building of a vast database of settings and patterns which bring about given mental and/or emotional states. A kind of "genome" of the psyche. Bearden describes the process of the  decoding of this "genome."

"The implication is that in the West one or more highly classified, sustained, heavily funded developments in advanced mind control programs, probably exists and probably has existed for some time. Due to loose formation of rogue groups inside such programs, they may have dual or triple purposes, may not operate under very much legitimate government control at all, and may operate specifically for the purposes of the rogue group or groups that have gained control.

"In a nutshell, that's what may be going on in the clandestine mind control projects in several Western governments. The involvement of at least some rogue groups, some being "cowboys" who operate well outside all laws and ethics, could also result in such things as assassinations, clandestine testing on individuals without their consent, etc. In short, it could account for what seems to be actually occurring. As also is "usual" in such a mess, one or more of the rogue groups eventually may become very powerful because their secret weapons are very powerful. They may become confident, thinking they have the "best in the world." They may actually believe they are ahead of the Russians..."

"Remember that, in every large and powerful human organization, the basis for rogue groups is power and secrecy. They are always seeking to increase their power, control, influence, prestige, etc. Nothing else. Patriotism and mission are�to rogue groups�often just idle words. They have their own agendas. And being rogue groups, they may well bring in unethical, immoral tricks: assassination, bribery, entrapment, disinformation, plausible deniability, etc. A certain percentage of a highly secret rogue group will wind up using all these things and more. It's a human characteristic, the old primate dominance game. Only now disguised and hidden under deep classification."

"The Russians, with their additional knowledge of the actual mechanisms in the transforms, will be much more advanced than the West, because their fundamental psychoenergetics science is far more advanced, so long as we continue to use the old U(l) electrodynamics. Further, the Russians have decades of use of longitudinal interferometry beams to reach right through the earth and ocean and produce stringent EM effects at a distance. So they will also be able to do the same things here in "mind control" with LW [longitudinal wave] interferometers, through intervening mass." Bearden

~
"Once abundant and nearly free energy is available in impoverished areas for agriculture, transportation, construction, manufacturing and electrification, there is no limit to what humanity can achieve. It is ridiculous � obscene even � that mind-boggling poverty and famine exists in the world while we sit on classified technologies that could completely reverse this situation. 

"So why not release these technologies? Because the social, economic and geo-political order of the world would be greatly altered. Every deep insider with whom I have met has emphasized that this would be the greatest change in known human history. The matter is so highly classified not because it is so silly, but because its implications are so profound and far reaching. By nature, those who control such projects do not like change. And here we are talking about the biggest economic, technological, social and geo-political change in known human history. Hence, the status quo is maintained, even as our civilization hurtles towards oblivion...

"With the types of weapons currently in the covert arsenal � weapons more fearsome even than thermonuclear devices � there is no possibility of a survivable conflict. Yet in the darkness of secrecy, actions have been taken on behalf of every human that may endanger our future. Only a full, honest disclosure will correct this situation. It is not possible for me to convey in words the urgency of this."

Latest Update from Tom Bearden - March 2002

"We knew of three nations having the QP weapons for some time. Then we found out last year that five nations had it. So that explains my using the figure "three" first (which represented what I knew at the time). Later I found out about the other two nations. China, e.g., only deployed its QP weapon this past year. So that explains the apparent contradiction between me using "five" in later papers and "three" in earlier ones. It was the best information I had at that time. Might mention that so the reader will understand the apparent discrepancy." Tom Bearden

http://www.prahlad.org/pub/bearden/scalar_wars.htm

...

 
If either of the major scalar weapon armed countries e.g. U.S. or Russia were to fire a nuclear missile to attack each other, this may possibly not even reach the target because the missile could be destroyed with scalar technology before it even left its place or origin. The knowledge via radio waves that it was about to be fired could be eavesdropped and the target could be destroyed in the bunker, fired at from space by satellite.

Alternatively, invisible moving barriers and globes made of plasma (produced by crossed scalar beams) could destroy any nuclear missile easily while it moves towards the target and failing all these, it could be destroyed by entering the target's territory by passing through a Tesla shield which would explode anything entering its airspace. 

To begin with, defense using scalar technology could intercept it before it even landed. Secret eavesdropping of radio communications tapping into ordinary military radio contact using undetectable 'scalar wave carriers' hacking in may have heard military personnel say it was about to be fired. The missile may be destroyed from above the site, using satellites equipped with scalar or particle beam weapons or a cloaked UFO (American or Russian made anti-gravity disk originally made by back engineering crashed alien saucers) or aircraft using scalar or particle beams which could invisibly (and undetectably with standard equipment) cause the target to malfunction and drop down. 

By using a scalar wave (radar like) 'interference grid', which covers both country's entire military activities in the air, underground or undersea, scalar transmitters send waves over large areas at 90 deg angles to each other. These waves follow the earth-ionospheric wave guide and curve around the planet. It is called an 'interference grid' because all solid moving objects show up as a spot of light moving through marked grid squares on an operator's video screen. Scalar waves are a higher form of radar waves, but they go one step further by passing through anything solid too and are able to detect and be able to be made into a focused beam to target anything through the earth or sea as well.

A scalar beam can be sent from a transmitter to the target, coupled with another sent from another transmitter and as they cross, an explosion can be made. This interference grid method could enable scalar beams to explode the missile before launch, as well as en route with knowing the right coordinates. If the target does manage to launch, what are known as Tesla globes, or Tesla hemispheric shields, can be sent to envelop a missile or aircraft. These are made of luminous plasma which emanates physically from crossed scalar beams and can be created any size, even over 100 miles across. Initially detected and tracked as it moves on the scalar interference grid, a continuous EMP (electromagnetic pulse) Tesla plasma globe could kill the electronics of the target. More intensely hot Tesla 'fireball' globes could vaporize the missile. 

Tesla globes could also activate a missile's nuclear warhead en route by creating a violent low order nuclear explosion. Various parts of the flying debris can be subjected to smaller more intense Tesla globes where the energy density to destroy is more powerful than the larger globe first encountered. This can be done in pulse mode with any remaining debris given maximum continuous heating to vaporize metals and materials. If anything still rains down on Russia or America, either could have already made a Tesla shield over the targeted area to block it from entering the airspace.


2.  HOW WERE SCALAR WAVES DISCOVERED?

Scalar wavelengths are finer than gamma rays or X rays and only one hundred millionth of a square centimeter in width. They belong to the subtle gravitational field and are also known as gravitic waves. Uniquely, they flow in multiple directions at right angles off electromagnetic waves, as an untapped energy source called 'potentials'. Potentials are particles which are unorganized in hyperspace - pure etheric energy not manifest in the physical world. In comparison, electromagnetic waves (measured by so many hertz or pulses per second, which we are familiar with e.g. radio waves) exist normally in the physical world, but can only be measured up to levels determined by the sensitivity of the equipment being used as to how many cycles per second they operate.

Scalar waves were originally detected by a Scottish mathematical genius called James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) He linked electricity and magnetism and laid the foundation for modern physics, but unfortunately the very fine scalar waves (which he included in his research) were deliberately left out of his work by the 3 men, including Heinrich Hertz, who laid down the laws taught for physics as a discipline at colleges. They dismissed Maxwell's scalar waves or potentials as "mystical" because they were physically unmanifest and only existed in the "ethers" and so were determined to be too ineffectual for further study. These enigmatic (but more powerful than even microwaves when harnessed and concentrated into a beam) scalar waves may have been forgotten except that Nicola Tesla accidentally rediscovered them. He'd originally worked with Thomas Edison who discovered direct current, but Tesla discovered alternating current. The two men disagreed and eventually parted ways and Tesla later experimented using the research of the German Heinrich Hertz, who was proving the existence of electromagnetic waves. Tesla found, while experimenting with violently abrupt direct current electrical charges, that a new form of energy (scalar) came through.

By 1904, Tesla had developed transmitters to harness scalar energy from one transmitter to another, undetectably bypassing time and space. He could just materialize it from one place to another through hyperspace, without the use of wires, it was just sucked right out of the space-time/vacuum and into a transmitter and into a beam which could be targeted to another transmitter. Unfortunately he got no financial support for replacing electricity, which used wires and therefore earned money, and to this day, this is the reason why scalar energy is still not acknowledged in mainstream physics. Tesla, even though he discovered more for mankind in science than many others, is still not credited in science books for his discovery of scalar waves, a source of "free-energy" obtainable as a limitless source of power that costs nothing. Other inventors have sporadically rediscovered "free-energy" but have come to harm or have been silenced by the sum of millions of dollars hush money, a small sum compared to the sale of electricity, oil, gas and a myriad of other energy producers which would then be rendered worthless. Money hungry big business has harshly crushed any opposition to their own riches, generated by multiple obsolete earth polluting fossil fuels.


3.  A CLOSER LOOK AT SCALAR WAVE-FORMS

These finer scalar wave-forms also have been discovered periodically by other mathematicians, who have been able to calculate new equations especially in harmonics (used in hyperdimensional physics) connecting the wavelengths of matter, gravity and light to each other and how all these lock in and create our expression of time (as it manifests in space) - which has been now discovered to be untapped 'potential' energy flowing in hyperspace. 

Time flows like a wave-form river in hyperspace in a grid pattern. This consists of interlocking great circles which circle the poles and include a lattice grid of lines that are 30 nautical miles or 55.5 km apart. When scalar beams charge through hyperspace these 'rivers of time' get blocked and redirected temporarily. 

There is a covert plan underfoot to change the way time is expressed on this planet altogether using hyperdimensional physics and Tesla technology, by splicing earth back onto a now defunct Atlantean timeline in which Lucifer hadn't fallen from grace. (see my other work on this in the books The Universal Seduction Vols 2 and 3 at the end of this article)

Our present 'reality' is expressed in the way time runs around the corridors in hyperspace by the pattern it takes. Other 'timelines' exist in a different kind of grid pattern, creating alternative versions of our 'present'. Multiple versions of reality (or for example 2 April 2004) can be manipulated given the right technology, and people can enter into parallel universes do all sorts of things and then enter back into this one. 

One needs a Tesla Zero Time Reference Generator, which can lodge a specific reality into the time at the center of the universe, in which it stays still, acting like an anchor. Both America and the UK govt are able to manipulate and enter into different realities.

The various dimensions each comprise a complex pattern of interlocking wave-forms. Matter has been found to be only one wave of a pulse comprising a positive cycle, while the negative cycle manifests as 'anti-matter'. The 'matter' pulse brings something 'into' physical visibility, then it disappears momentarily and returns. But the pulses are so rapid we don't see something as unmanifest while temporarily dematerializing. Physical time is only measured by the visibility of something's aging process, or in other words its passage through a journey starting at one measured time-reference point to another. 

Different wave-forms only appear to us to be solid because we are comprised of the same matter. If the frequencies governing the time between a matter pulse and an anti-matter pulse are shortened or lengthened with technology, time will go faster or slower in the surrounding space or what it effects. Therefore scalar waves belong to space-time in which anti-matter or hyperspace exists. Time can be altered by harnessed and directed scalar waves (including magnets which give off scalar waves which bend time) because they disrupt the pulse of matter and anti-matter and therefore the rate at which something normally passes through time with its usual smoothness. 

An experiment with scalar waves in USA once caused all the clocks and watches in the test neighborhood to go berserk for 4 days, until the flow of time resettled back to its normal flow and they returned as before. This was noted by Frank Golden.

Scalar 'potentials' can be created artificially and when focused into a weapon, can do major damage to an object's location in space-time. That which determines the object's natural pulse of matter and anti-matter cycle can become stressed when targeted by scalar waves made of artificial potentials, because they are almost always absorbed by the nucleus of an atom, not the electrons in orbit. 

Hyperspace can become warped temporarily, although space-time naturally curves around natural vortexes the earth has which form 'chakras' to absorb and release universal energies. These are opened and closed in natural cycles according to the positions of the sun and moon in relation to earth. Because scalar waves are finer than gamma waves they can pass through any physical substance undetected. However the damage inflicted can be so powerful that they can dislodge an object right out of time and space and cause it to temporarily disappear away from its normal movement in time. All objects move in time, and they will also move in space if a physical external force activates the object's own natural internal scalar waves to point in the direction it is sent to causing it to move from A to B depending on how much force is used. Or they are trapped motionless in space by the internal scalar energy within swirling around interlocking into a deadlock, (making it appear still) however the object still moves in time. A beam of scalar energy can cause the timeframe the object resides in to get warped, making it disappear into another reality.


4.  HOW DO SCALAR WEAPONS WORK?

Particles which are unorganized in hyperspace (potentials) can be harnessed into recreating multiple frequencies of scalar waves and these can now be manufactured artificially and can include frequencies between infrared and ultraviolet. If a transmitter is at a higher reference 'potential' than the interference zone of 2 crossed scalar beams, energy emerges into the plasma 'bottle' which materializes physically and this is called 'exothermic' mode. This can cause explosions and can be 'nuclear like' if set at a high frequency. Even though no electromagnetic energy has flown through space between the transmitters and the target, and because it has bypassed physical space, the energy can suddenly appear faster than the speed of light and destroy something without warning. It is only as a locked in artificial potential that is a directed 'river of force' in hyperspace and it is entirely undetectable with conventional scientific equipment, which is where the danger lies. 

Nobody can ever know what the enemy is planning or who their enemies are and because it never gets any press normal military personnel without this knowledge would never know what hit them, especially if it is scalar mind control. To extract energy back to the transmitters from the energy bottle of 2 crossed scalar beams the potential must be set at a lower mode and this is called 'endothermic' mode and as energy is extracted out of the 'bottle' area, a freezing will occur, possibly causing a thunderous sound.

When 2 transmitters send timed pulses, which meet, an explosion will occur which either produces energy or extracts it. If 2 crossed beams are in 'continuous' mode the energy between beams is continuous and Tesla globes and hemispheres can be made which act as a continuous shield to either destroy incoming weapons and aircraft entering it. If multiple frequencies are transmitted on the beams, at the intersection a 3 dimensional globe appears. 

This can be manipulated to have very high infolded energy with any desired light emission, shape, color or intensity. It can even cause metal to soften or melt. This 'bottle' of energy can be detonated inside the earth to create an earthquake or into a building to make a 'nuclear like' explosion. This 'bottle' can be moved anywhere on the planet or through it and made any size.

The Russians in 1985 once threatened the earth itself by activating their scalar weapons with multiple scalar transmitters turned on at once, endangering the survival of the entire planet. According to nuclear physicist Bearden, they conducted a massive, 'full up' scalar weapon systems and communications strategic exercise. During this sudden exercise American Frank Golden discovered the Russians activated 27 gigantic 'power taps', established by resonating the earth electrogravitationally on 54 powerful scalar frequencies (27 pairs where the two are separated from each other by 12 kHz.) transmitted into the earth and they utilized this to stimulate the earth into forced electrogravitational resonance on all 54 frequencies. Each of the 27 power taps extracted enormous energy from the molten core of the earth itself, and turning it into ordinary electrical power. 

Each giant tap is capable of powering 4 to 6 of the largest scalar EM howitzers possessed by Russia. Bearden writes: "Apparently over 100 giant scalar EM weapons were activated and a large number of command and control transmissions and it lasted several days. By alternating the potentials and loads of each of the two paired transmitters, electrical energy in enormous amounts can be extracted from the earth itself, fed by the 'giant cathode' that is the earth's molten core. Scalar EM command and control systems, including high data rate communications with underwater submarines, were also activated on a massive scale. The exercise went on for several days, as power taps were switched in and out, and command and control systems went up and down. Bearden claims not one American intelligence lab, or scientist detected this as they didn't have a detector for scalar EM radiation, and that not one officially believes that the exercise ever happened." However, it was monitored on an advanced, proprietary detection system by Frank Golden for several days and by Bearden for several hours.

This exercise proved Brezhnev's 1972 statement that by 1985 the Soviets would be prepared to do as they wish, anywhere in the world. The Soviets are using unknown attributes of matter, phenomena and laws of nature by research covering the equivalent of 7-8 U.S. atom bomb projects back to back already. 

However both America and Russia are doing through the earth scalar beam transmissions and ever since then earth's internal dynamo has been affected. It suddenly experienced a sudden unexpected slowdown in rotation 1984. It has become like an unbalanced washing machine, wobbling as it spins. Scalar waves pass naturally between the center of the earth and the sun, and this coupled with multiple annual nuclear tests (which have been proven to disturb the ionosphere and magnetic field) the balance of the earth with the moon, may even cause the earth to flip, if the naturally produced scalar waves are diverted onto another course, which are keeping the earth spinning harmoniously.

1

Haarp news...

Military Experiments Target the Van Allen Belts

24 October 2007--Ever since the Van Allen radiation belts were discovered, the U.S. armed forces have been interested in understanding--and maybe even controlling--how the belts influence wireless communication. For example, the U.S. Air Force, wanting to keep in touch with airborne fighter pilots at all times, would like to understand exactly how geomagnetic storms in the atmosphere will cause disruptions. Today, the armed forces are sponsoring two big experiments to gain more knowledge about the Earth's ionosphere.
(remember van Allen belt)
...
Built on an old Cold War site meant to house an over-the-horizon radar
...
The other Air Force Research Lab ionosphere experiment is a spacecraft called the Demonstration and Science Experiments (DSX) satellite, which is set to launch in 2009. DSX is designed primarily to investigate the sometimes harsh radiation that environment satellites are subject to in a medium Earth orbit.
The satellite will also have an instrument designed to monitor very-low-frequency (VLF) transmissions in the magnetosphere--the magnetic shell surrounding the Earth--and will explore whether natural and man-made VLF waves, including those from HAARP, can reduce satellite-damaging space radiation. Several years ago, Stanford University electrical engineering professor Umran S. Inan theorized that low-frequency electromagnetic radiation injected into the lower Van Allen belt could cause the high-energy electrons there to prematurely rain out into the atmosphere, potentially ending a monthlong geomagnetic storm in a matter of days.
...
 Most of the magnetic storms that disrupt communications on Earth happen in this region
...
http://spectrum.ieee.org/aerospace/space-flight/military-experiments-target-the-van-allen-belts

...

A Review of the "Case Orange" report

Global Research, July 30, 2010

At an international symposium held in Ghent, Belgium May 28-30, 2010, scientists asserted that “manipulation of climate through modification of Cirrus clouds is neither a hoax nor a conspiracy theory.” It is “fully operational” with a solid sixty-year history. Though “hostile” environmental modification was banned by UN Convention in 1978, its “friendly” use today is being hailed as the new savior to climate change and to water and food shortages. The military-industrial complex stands poised to capitalize on controlling the world’s weather. 
 
“In recent years there has been a decline in the support for weather modification research, and a tendency to move directly into operational projects.” ~World Meteorological Organization, 2007 
 
Going under a variety of names – atmospheric geoengineering, weather modification, solar radiation management, chemical buffering, cloud seeding, weather force multiplication – toxic aerial spraying is popularly known as chemtrails. However, this is merely one technique employed to modify weather. The practice of environmental modification is vast and well funded.  

Case Orange notes it was prepared for the Belfort Group by a team of scientists but presented anonymously. It was sent to embassies, news organizations and interested groups around the world “to force public debate.”  

Case Orange rejects use of the term ‘chemtrails’ because it is associated with amateur conspiracy theorists. The only credible document it could find that uses it is the Space Preservation Act of 2001 introduced by U.S. Representative Dennis Kucinich (D-OH). [7]  H.R. 2977 sought to ban the use of exotic weapon systems that would damage climate, weather, tectonic and biological systems. “Chemtrails” are specifically listed. Though later removed, no version of the bill ever became law.  
 
Instead, the writers prefer the term ‘persistent contrails’ to describe the phenomenon since all contrails are chemtrails. ‘Persistent contrails’ distinguishes those that contain weather-altering additives from those that represent normal aircraft exhaust that dissipates after a few seconds or minutes.  
 


Case Orange ties a 1996 report by top military personnel in the U.S., “Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025” [19] to evidentiary details (like governmental spraying schedules, chemical orders, correct nomenclature used in airline operating manuals, and calls for geoengineering by economists) to support its notion of “heavy involvement of governments at top level in climate control projects.”  
 
Owning the Weather in 2025 provides a specific timeline for the use of EnMod technologies in cooperation with the Weather Modification Association (WMA), a business-government group promoting the beneficial uses of environmental modification [20]:  
 
2000 Introduce ionic mirrors, with a sharp increase from 2008;  
 
2000-2025 Use chemicals for atmospheric seeding by civilian (as well as military) aviation;  
 
2004 Create smart clouds thru nanotechnology, with exponential increase after 2010;  
 
2005 Introduce ‘carbon black dust’.  
 
!!! 
“

• ur investigation team comes to the conclusion that climate control programs, controlled by the military but approved by governments, are silently implemented in order to avoid the worst case scenarios they obviously do not want. The two basic instruments are temperature control through generation of artificial clouds and manipulation of the ionosphere through ionosphere heaters.  

 
“Both remain basically military combat systems with the option to go into the offensive if deemed necessary. However since several ionosphere heaters are installed on various places around the globe one can assume that there is wide cooperation between governments in order to reach the climate targets by 2025: controlling the weather and thus the planet.”
!!!

http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=20369

...
  
July 9–10, 1856: Visionary Tesla Born at Midnight
(this in itself is significantly unique to
me)
-
His subsequent innovations in wireless communications and power gave birth to the everything from the radio to the Wi-Fi network and our probably inevitable cordless future.
-
As a result, Tesla died in 1943, mostly alone and penniless in New York. His personal papers were quickly impounded and eventually declared top secret by the FBI.
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http://m.wired.com/thisdayintech/2010/07/0709nikola-tesla-born-midnight/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+wired%2Findex+%28Wired%3A+Index+3+%28Top+Stories+2%29%29&utm_content=Google+Feedfetcher

...



Background on the HAARP Project
By Rosalie Bertell 
November 5, 1996


Rocket technology and nuclear weapon technology developed simultaneously between 1945 and 1963. During this time of intensive atmospheric nuclear testing, explosions at various levels above and below the surface of the earth were tried. Some of the now familiar descriptions of the earth's protective atmosphere, such as the existence of the Van Allen belts, were based on information gained through stratospheric and ionospheric experimentation.

Project Argus (1958)
This gigantic experiment created new (inner) magnetic radiation belts encompassing almost the whole earth, and injected sufficient electrons and other energetic particles into the ionosphere to cause world wide effects. The electrons travelled back and forth along magnetic force lines, causing an artificial "aurora" when striking the atmosphere near the North Pole.

Project Starfish (1962)
On 9 July 1962(***there's that date again***) the US began a further series of experiments with the ionosphere. From their description: "one kiloton device, at a height of 60 km and one megaton and one multi-megaton, at several hundred kilometres height" (K.H.A., 29 June 1962). These tests seriously disturbed the lower Van Allen Belt, substantially altering its shape and intensity. "In this experiment the inner Van Allen Belt will be practically destroyed for a period of time; particles from the Belt will be transported to the atmosphere. It is anticipated that the earth's magnetic field will be disturbed over long distances for several hours, preventing radio communication. The explosion in the inner radiation belt will create an artificial dome of polar light that will be visible from Los Angeles."(K.H.A. 11 May 1962). A Fijian Sailor, present at this nuclear explosion told me that the whole sky was on fire and he thought it would be the end of the world. This was the experiment which called forth the strong protest of the Queen's Astronomer, Sir Martin Ryle in the UK.
As explained in the Encyclopaedia Britannica: "Starfish made a much wider belt (than Project Argus) that extends from low altitude out past L=3 (i.e. three earth radiuses or about 13,000 km above the surface of the earth)" Later in 1962, the USSR undertook similar planetary experiments, creating three new radiation belts between 7,000 and 13,000 km above the earth. According to the Encyclopaedia, the electron fluxes in the lower Van Allen Belt have changed markedly since the 1962 high-altitude nuclear explosions by the US and USSR, never returning to their former state. According to American scientists, it could take many hundreds of years for the Van Allen Belts to restabilise at their normal levels.

SPS: Solar Power Satellite Project (1968)
This project was designed to construct 60 Solar Powered Satellites over a thirty year period at a cost between $500 and $800 thousand million (in 1968 dollars), providing 10% of the US energy needs in the year 2025 at a cost of $3000 per kW. At that time, the project cost was two to three times larger than the whole Department of Energy budget, and the projected cost of the electricity was well above the cost of most conventional energy sources. The rectenna sites on earth were expected to take up to 145 square kilometres of land, and would preclude habitation by any humans, animals or even vegetation. Each Satellite was to be the size of Manhattan Island.

Saturn V Rocket (1975)
Due to a malfunction, the Saturn V Rocket burned unusually high in the atmosphere, above 300 km. This burn produced "a large ionospheric hole" . It prevented all telecommunications over a large area of the Atlantic Ocean.Between 1975 and 1981 NASA and the US Military began to design ways to test this new phenomena through deliberate experimentation with the ionosphere.

SPS Military Implications (1978)
The SPS would be able to transmit power to remote military operations anywhere needed on earth. The manned platform of the SPS would provide surveillance and early warning capability, and ELF linkage to submarines. It would also provide the capability of jamming enemy communications. The potential for jamming and creating communications is significant. The SPS was also capable of causing physical changes in the ionosphere.
!!!!!!!President Carter approved the SPS Project and gave it a go-ahead, in spite of the reservation which many reviewers, myself included, expressed. Fortunately, it was so expensive, exceeding the entire Department of Energy budget, that funding was denied by the Congress. I approached the United Nations Committee on Disarmament on this project, but was told that as long as the program was called Solar Energy by the United States, it could not be considered a weapons project. The same project resurfaced in the US under President Reagan, moved to the much larger budget of the Department of Defence, and called Star Wars. Since this is more recent history, I will not discuss the debate which raged over this phase of the plan.!!!!!!!!

Orbit Maneuvering System (1981)
They experimented with the effects of "artificially induced ionospheric depletions on very low frequency wave lengths, on equatorial plasma instabilities, and on low frequency radio astronomical observations

Innovative Shuttle Experiments (1985)
An innovative use of the Space Shuttle to preform space physics experiments in earth orbit was launched, using the OMS injections of gases to "cause a sudden depletion in the local plasma concentration, the creation of a so-called ionospheric hole". This artificially induced plasma depletion can then be used to investigate other space phenomena, such as the growth of the plasma instabilities or the modification of radio propagation paths. The 47 second OMS burn of July 29,1985, produced the largest and most long-lived ionospheric hole to date, dumping some 830 kg of exhaust into the ionosphere at sunset. A 6 second, 68 km OMS release above Connecticut in August 1985, produced an airglow which covered over 400,000 square km.
each Shuttle flight injecting about 75 tonnes of ozone destroying chlorine into the stratosphere. Those launched since 1992 inject even more ozone destroying chlorine, about 187 tonnes, into the stratosphere (which contains the ozone layer).

Mighty Oaks (1986)
The door failed to close as quickly as planned, causing the radioactive gases and debris to fill the control room, destroying millions of dollars worth of equipment. The experiment was part of a program to develop X-ray and particle beam weapons. The radioactive releases from Mighty Oaks were vented, under a "licensed venting", and were likely responsible for many of the North American nuclear fallout reports in May 1986, which were attributed to the Chernobyl disaster.

Desert Storm (1991)
April 13 - 19, 1992, the US deployed an electromagnetic pulse weapon (EMP) in Desert Storm, designed to mimic the flash of electricity from a nuclear bomb.This X-ray simulator is called a Particle Beam Fusion Accelerator. A stream of electrons hitting a metal plate can produce a pulsed X-ray or gamma ray.

High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program HAARP (1993)

Poker Flat Rocket Launch (1968 to Present)
The Pocker Flat Research Range is located about 50 km North of Fairbanks, Alaska, and it was established in 1968. It is operated by the Geophysical Institute with the University of Alaska Fairbanks, under NASA contract. About 250 major rocket launches have taken place from this site, and in 1994, a 16 metre long rocket was launched to help NASA "understand chemical reactions in the atmosphere associated with global climate change". Similar experiments, but using Chemical Release Modules (CRM) have been launched from Churchill, Manitoba. In 1980, Brian Whelan's "Project Waterhole", disrupted an aurora borealis, bringing it to a temporary halt. In February 1983, the chemical released into the ionosphere caused an aurora borealis over Churchill. In March 1989, two Black Brant X's and two Nike Orions rockets were launched over Canada, releasing barium at high altitudes and creating artificial clouds. These Churchill artificial clouds were observed from as far away as Los Alamos, New Mexico.
outdoor plasma lab for studying the principles of fusion (remember this***)

Conclusions

It would be rash to assume that HAARP is an isolated experiment which would not be expanded. It is related to fifty years of intensive and increasingly destructive programs to understand and control the upper atmosphere.

It would be rash not to associate HAARP with the space laboratory construction which is separately being planned by the United States. HAARP is an integral part of a long history of space research and development of a deliberate military nature.

The military implications of combining these projects is alarming.

Basic to this project is control of communications, both disruption and reliability in hostile environments. The power wielded by such control is obvious.

The ability of the HAARP / Spacelab/ rocket combination to deliver a very large amount of energy, comparable to a nuclear bomb, anywhere on earth via laser and particle beams, are frightening.

The project is likely to be "sold" to the public as a space shield against incoming weapons, or , for the more gullible, a devise for repairing the ozone layer. 


http://www.ratical.org/co-globalize/HAARPbg.html

***and as for my opinion,  biting tongue until It reveals itself to be the right time, I've only scratched the RIGHT surface to be scratched ... Now where's my pick ax and shovel! More coming ...

-
The prototype experiments presented here suggest that global weather 
control will eventually become a reality especially since many of the supporting 
disciplines will naturally evolve at a rapid pace.

http://allaircraftarenotinvolved.freeforums.org/haarp-atmospheric-research-the-big-players-involved-t141-50.html

->as in once one does it the rest soon will follow and to some degree collaborate there agenda to further the goals deeply seeded in this propagated loop hole ... History is where I'm learning this ... Further back I go more answers to say the least ... And to say the most ... History will repeat itself in one form or another ... Hang in there folks ... Keep yur chin up, best I can say. Which proly said to much!


...


JAMES VAN ALLEN was a path-breaking astrophysicist whose pioneering contributions in the late 1950s to the space age made him a household name in the US and beyond.
He became famous for his discovery that the Earth is surrounded by intense regions of energetic particles — regions that have since become known as the Van Allen radiation belts. The discovery spawned the entirely new field of scientific research known as magnetospheric physics.

Van Allen made the momentous discovery by installing tiny Geiger counters among the instruments he put on board Explorer I, the first US Earth satellite sent into space as part of the American programme for the International Geophysical Year 1957-58.

The Explorer I satellite, which weighed only 14kg, was launched from Cape Canaveral (now Cape Kennedy) in Florida on January 31, 1958, shortly after the first Sputnik launches by the Soviet Union. The satellite was taken into space by the Jupiter C rocket, a direct descendant of the A4 (V2) rocket that the Germans used to bombard London during the war.

The scientific instruments carried by Explorer I were designed and built by Van Allen, and it was his Geiger counter that provided the first direct evidence that intense regions of energetic particles surround the Earth. The Geiger counters were able to detect and measure particles or other radiation passing into it.

The Van Allen radiation belt is a torus of energetic charged particles which are trapped by the Earth’s magnetic field. Theories about a radiation belt, which predate the space age, were confirmed by Explorer I, and the regions of trapped radiation were mapped out by the Explorer IV and Pioneer III space missions. This further research showed that the Van Allen belt in fact consists of two belts around the Earth, an inner radiation belt and a bigger outer radiation belt. The inner one mainly contains protons while the outer mainly contains electrons.

The big outer belt extends from an altitude of between about 6,250 miles and 40,625 miles and has its greatest intensity between 9,062 miles and 11,875 miles above the Earth.

There is debate about which craft first discovered the outer belt — the US Explorer I or the Soviet Sputnik II. Similar radiation belts exist around other planets, but only the ones surrounding the Earth are called Van Allen belts.

It is thought that the Van Allen belts are created by the collision of the Earth’s magnetic field with the solar wind (a continuous outward flow of particles, mainly protons and electrons, from the Sun into interplanetary space). Particles from the solar wind then become trapped within the Earth’s magnetic field.

Electronic circuits, solar cells and sensors can be damaged by the radiation in the Van Allen belts. Electronics carried on satellites must, therefore, be hardened against radiation damage to operate reliably. Exposure of astronauts to the radiation in the belts could damage their health. However, the Apollo astronauts who travelled to the Moon spent so little time in the belts that any radiation they received was harmless.

Nasa deliberately minimised the amount of radiation they received by timing Apollo launches and using lunar transfer orbits that only skirted the edge of the belt over the Equator.

James Alfred Van Allen was born in 1914 at Mount Pleasant, Iowa, to Alfred Morris, a lawyer, and Alma Olney Van Allen. Between 1918 and 1927 he went to public elementary schools in Mount Pleasant, and between 1927 and 1931 to the public high school, Mount Pleasant. In 1931 he enrolled at the Iowa Wesleyan College, Mount Pleasant, Iowa, receiving his BSc in physics in 1935. He then went to the University of Iowa where he received his MSc in physics 1936 and his PhD in physics in 1939.

Between 1939 and 1942 Van Allen did research at the Carnegie Institution, Washington, and at the Applied Physics Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, working to develop a rugged vacuum tube (valve) and proximity fuses for weapons used in the war, particularly anti-aircraft projectiles used by the US Navy.

In the autumn of 1942 he was commissioned as an ordinance and gunnery officer and combat observer officer in the US Navy and posted to the Pacific to field-test and complete operational requirements for the proximity fuses.

After the war he returned to the Applied Physics Laboratory and worked on a variety of high-altitude experiments, pioneering the use of V2 and Aerobee rockets for this work. The Aerobee was a small rocket, 8m long, used for high atmospheric and cosmic radiation research.

In 1951 he was appointed professor and head of the Department of Physics (later the Department of Physics and Astronomy) at the University of Iowa, a post he held until his retirement in 1985.

He then became Carver Professor of Physics Emeritus at the University of Iowa, and continued his research in the areas of space and magnetospheric physics.

Between 1949 and 1962 he was the leader of a number of scientific expeditions to study cosmic rays and the Earth’s magnetic field, using American ships, in the Central Pacific, the Gulf of Alaska, the Arctic, the Atlantic, Central Pacific, South Pacific and Antarctic areas.

He pioneered the use of balloons, Aerobee rockets and the combination of the two, for the measurement of the intensity of cosmic rays at high altitudes. It was this work that led to his involvement in Explorer 1 and the discovery of the belts that bear his name.

Van Allen had been a staunch advocate of unmanned space exploration since the space age began. After Explorer 1, he continued to explore planetary physics throughout the solar system. Van Allen was the principal scientific investigator in a total of 24 space missions, including flights to Mars, Venus, Jupiter and Saturn.

His discoveries in space prompted Time magazine to put him on its cover on May 4, 1959.

Van Allen published more than 280 research papers in scientific journals and research monographs. He edited the book Scientific Uses of Earth Satellites (1958); co-authored Pioneer — First to Jupiter, Saturn and Beyond (1980); wrote Origins of Magnetospheric Physics (1983); wrote 924 Elementary Problems and Answers in Solar System (1993); and edited Cosmic Rays, The Sun and Geomagnetism: The Works of Scott E. Forbush (1993).

He served on many important panels, commissions and advisory boards. He received numerous awards, among them: the Crafoord Prize of the Royal Swedish Academy of Science; the Commander of the Order du Mérite pour la Recherche et L’Invention; the David and Florence Guggenheim International Astronautics Award; the US Navy Distinguished Public Service Award; the Distinguished Civilian Service medal (US Army); the Nasa Medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement; the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society; the US National Science Board Vannevar Bush Award; and the US National Medal of Science. Thirteen universities awarded him honorary doctor of science degrees.

Van Allen was an excellent teacher of undergraduates and an inspiring supervisor of graduate research students doing advanced degrees in physics and astronomy at the University of Iowa. He supervised about 80 of them, and many are now leaders in the community of space physics.

He is survived by his wife, Abigail, and their three daughters and two sons.

Professor James Van Allen, astrophysicist, was born on September 7, 1914. He died on August 9, 2006, aged 91.

http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article604774.ece

...

When the Soviet Union launched Sputnik in October 1957, the United States feared that nuclear missiles would soon follow. How could we stop them? In the Dr. Strangelove era, no idea was too absurd, and Nicholas Christofilos, an elevator engineer turned nuclear physicist, had a doozy.

Christofilos had only undergraduate degrees in electrical and mechanical engineering, but he had become a top military scientist at California's Livermore Laboratory with a reputation for audacious creativity. He suggested that an atomic explosion in space could generate a vast flux of electrons, which would form a shell of energy over Earth, a phenomenon that became known as the "Christofilos effect." The result, Christofilos suggested, might fry Soviet warheads.

A recent high-altitude test had already demonstrated how a nuclear blast could disrupt ground-based electronics, but the Christofilos effect, it was theorized, could create a defense: The speeding electrons trapped in Earth's magnetic field would produce radiation that might disrupt the arming and fusing mechanisms of enemy warheads. When the first U.S. satellite, Explorer 1, detected the Van Allen radiation belts surrounding Earth in January 1958, Christofilos' ideas seemed even more plausible.

The Atomic Energy Commission put together a plan to detonate small atomic weapons above the atmosphere to create the Christofilos effect for study. Time was crucial, because in the fall of 1958 a potential moratorium on atomic testing loomed. Argus was up and running in only five months, and by early August 1958, the nine ships of the U.S. Navy's Task Force 88 were heading for various points in the Atlantic Ocean.

Three Lockheed X-17A three-stage missiles, each modified to carry a 1.7-kiloton W-25 plutonium warhead, would be fired from the USS Norton Sound in the south Atlantic, a remote locale chosen for its windswept winter, which assured there would be no activity in the vicinity. Just before 2:30 a.m. on August 27, the first nuclear weapon to be launched from a ship left the deck of the Norton Sound.

A third-stage failure resulted in a nuclear detonation at a lower altitude than planned, but the explosion seven minutes later was high enough to partially confirm the Christofilos effect. The Task Force 88 team watched in awe as a brilliant flash spread across the horizon, and a pale red glow transformed into an eerie, greenish-blue aurora high above, forming glowing streamers along the direction of magnetic north and south.

Two more launches followed on August 30 and September 6, while the latest U.S. satellite, Explorer 4, probed the results. Explorer 4 had been launched just before Argus began—publicly to further investigate the Van Allen radiation belts but secretly to also analyze the Argus experiments. James Van Allen's instruments, along with measurements from ships, airplanes, and sounding rockets, confirmed Christofilos' predictions. The Argus explosions had indeed created artificial radiation belts around Earth.

But hopes that the Christofilos effect would provide a defensive shield against Soviet missiles faded quickly. The electron belts created by the experiments were too weak and transitory to do much damage to enemy missiles that would pass through them at thousands of miles per hour. Christofilos, dubbed "the Crazy Greek" by the press, continued to explore ideas (some of which are still classified) until his death in 1972.
Fifty years after Argus, however, the Crazy Greek doesn't seem quite so crazy. Space-based nuclear tests in the early 1960s proved that the Christofilos effect could disable satellites. Now that near-Earth space harbors hundreds of satellites of critical economic and military importance, strategists are considering the Christofilos effect anew. Even a technologically humble rogue state could launch a missile and detonate a low-yield nuke high over its territory, creating a Christofilos effect that would cripple the satellites of its more sophisticated rivals.

http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/Homebuilt_Radiation_Belt.html?c=y&page=100&device=iphone&c=y

...

Self-scattering of the HF heater emissions observed at geographically dispersed receiving sites
  
Galushko, V.  Koloskov, A.  Paznukhov, V.  Reinisch, B.  Sales, G.  Yampolski, Y.  Zalizovsky, A.  
Nat. Acad. of Sci. of Ukraine 

This paper appears in: Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE 
Issue Date: Dec. 2008 
Volume: 50 Issue: 6 
On page(s): 155 - 161 
ISSN: 1045-9243 
INSPEC Accession Number: 10470439 
Digital Object Identifier: 10.1109/MAP.2008.4768950 
Date of Current Version: 03 February 2009

ABSTRACT

Results of investigating the scattering and propagation effects for the HF radiation from the HAARP heating facility (Alaska, USA) are presented. The latest data were collected during the HAARP measurement campaign that was conducted from February 21 through March 3, 2008. The transmissions from the HAARP HF heater were monitored at geographically dispersed sites in the USA, Europe, and Arctic, using digital Doppler receivers of the Institute of Radio Astronomy (Kharkov, Ukraine) and Digisondes of the University of Massachusetts Lowell (Lowell, USA). A number of characteristics features of the detected scattered signals suggest that the received radiowaves were scattered by ionospheric irregularities produced by the same HF emission. This effect is known as "self-scattering." Average relaxation times for the self-scattered signals were shown to be several tens of seconds (40-60 s), while the observed risetime was much longer, up to a few minutes. These numbers are characteristics of the types of the irregularities responsible for the scattering of the heater signal. A time constant of 50-60 s is usually associated with the relaxation time of small-scale irregularities with spatial scale sizes from a few meters to tens of meters. Several possibilities for explaining the observed longer risetime constant of two to three minutes are discussed. The power and spectral width of the scattered signals depend on the HAARP beam orientation and local ionospheric conditions. The possibility of extracting parameters of the stimulated plasma irregularities is discussed.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F74%2F4762427%2F04768950.pdf%3Farnumber%3D4768950&authDecision=-203

...

Generation of ELF and VLF waves by HF Heater‐modulated polar electrojet via a thermal instability process

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 20, NO. 3, PP. 189-192, 1993
doi:10.1029/93GL00070

Generation of ELF and VLF waves via a thermal instability process in a HF‐modulated polar electrojet has been investigated. It is shown that a positive feedback through the electron‐neutral collisional heating process can cause the transient response of the plasma to the modulated HF heater to grow exponentially. The threshold fields of the instability under normal electrojet conditions are found to be about 2.25 V / m and 1.13 V / m for the operation of the o‐mode and x‐mode heaters with a 50% duty cycle, respectively. For a heater wave field of, e.g., 1.5 V/m, the instability can be excited by the x‐mode heater within a few tens of millisecond. The predicted dependence of the ELF/VLF radiation amplitude on the percentage of the duty cycle of the HF modulation is identical to that of the recent observational results of Barr and Stubbe [1991b].

http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/1993/93GL00070.shtml

***remember BARR and STUBBE

...

Lowest Frequency Radar Echo From The Moon Ever Detected
ScienceDaily (Jan. 10, 2008) — A team of scientists from the Naval Research Laboratory, the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL's) Research Vehicles Directorate, Kirtland Air Force Base, N.M., and the University of New Mexico (UNM) has detected the lowest frequency radar echo from the moon ever seen with earth-based receivers.
See Also:
Space & Time
Moon
Space Exploration
Space Missions
NASA
Pluto
Solar System
Reference
Lunar space elevator
Ionosphere
Radio telescope
Doppler effect
In the lunar echo experiment (more properly called a lunar bistatic radar experiment), the Air Force/Navy High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) high power transmitter, located near Gakona, Alaska, launched high power radio waves toward the moon. The reflected signal, weakened because of the long distance to the moon and back, was detected by receiving antennas in New Mexico.
NRL consultant scientist Dr. Paul Rodriguez, of NRL's Information Technology Division, who conceived and proposed the experiment explains, "Analysis of the echo gives information on the properties of the lunar sub-surface topography, because the low frequency radar waves propagate to varying depths below the visible surface of the moon. It is somewhat like sonar, except that we are using electromagnetic waves rather than sound waves. The experiment also allows us to study the interaction of the echo signal with the earth's ionosphere along its return path, because the ionosphere is only partially transparent at low frequencies."
During the experiment, which was carried out on Oct. 28 and 29, 2007, the radar signals from HAARP were at 7.4075 MHz and 9.4075 MHz. Both the transmitted signal and the echo from the moon were detected by NRL Remote Sensing Division scientist, Dr. Kenneth Stewart, and NRL engineer Brian Hicks with antennas built for the Long Wavelength Array (LWA). LWA is a radio interferometer being built in the desert west of Socorro, N.M., by UNM, NRL, the Applied Research Laboratories at the University of Texas at Austin, Virginia Tech, and Los Alamos National Laboratory, for studies of space physics and astrophysics.
The LWA is intended to work below the 88 MHz edge of the FM band, but to get down to the HAARP signal frequencies, the antennas were equipped with digital receivers and specially designed matching networks developed by Stewart, Hicks, and engineer Nagini Paravastu at NRL. "Detecting the very weak radio signals after their round trip to the moon and back was challenging and required careful modification of the LWA antennas to improve their performance at these frequencies," says Stewart. NRL LWA Project Scientist Dr. Namir Kassim notes, "One of the successful goals of this experiment was to demonstrate that the LWA can work with instruments like HAARP at lower frequencies than its nominal design."
The HAARP radar antenna array was "phased" to point about 45 degrees away from the zenith, in order to track and directly illuminate the moon. Its full total power capability, about 3.6 MW, was used to transmit pulses two seconds in length every five seconds over a period of two hours each day, one hour at each frequency. Using such a pulse pattern makes the echo, which arrives back from the moon 2.4 seconds later, immediately recognizable, allowing the scientists to distinguish the moon's echo signal from the HAARP signal. The HAARP signal reached the receiving antennas in New Mexico by reflecting off the underside of the ionosphere, the region of the Earth's atmosphere from 50 to 400 km in altitude that is partially ionized by solar radiation.
The lunar echo measurements at 7.4075 MHZ are believed to be the lowest frequency (longest wavelength) at which bistatic radar measurements have been conducted. "Even though lunar echoes have been detected before at higher frequencies, it was really exciting to see them arrive in real time out under the full moon in the New Mexico desert," says NRL's Hicks.
The team members involved in the HAARP-LWA lunar radar experiment are: Dr.Paul Rodriguez, Dr. Kenneth Stewart, Brian Hicks, Dr. Nagini Paravastu; and Edward Kennedy of NRL; Dr. Paul Kossey of AFRL's Research Vehicles Directorate; and Dr. Lee J Rickard of UNM.
Significant help in conducting the experiment was provided by HAARP Program Managers Paul Kossey (Air Force) and Edward Kennedy (Navy); Mike McCarrick of BAE Systems-Advanced Technologies, which operates the HAARP facility, and by Clinton Janes (UNM); Gerald O'Connell (National Radio Astronomy Observatory); and Patrick Crane (NRL).

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/01/080108113605.htm

...

Moonquakes


March 15, 2006: NASA astronauts are going back to the moon and when they get there they may need quake-proof housing.
That's the surprising conclusion of Clive R. Neal, associate professor of civil engineering and geological sciences at the University of Notre Dame after he and a team of 15 other planetary scientists reexamined Apollo data from the 1970s. "The moon is seismically active," he told a gathering of scientists at NASA's Lunar Exploration Analysis Group (LEAG) meeting in League City, Texas, last October.
Between 1969 and 1972, Apollo astronauts placed seismometers at their landing sites around the moon. The Apollo 12, 14, 15, and 16 instruments faithfully radioed data back to Earth until they were switched off in 1977.
Right: Buzz Aldrin deploys a seismometer in the Sea of Tranquillity. [Larger image]
And what did they reveal?
There are at least four different kinds of moonquakes: (1) deep moonquakes about 700 km below the surface, probably caused by tides; (2) vibrations from the impact of meteorites; (3) thermal quakes caused by the expansion of the frigid crust when first illuminated by the morning sun after two weeks of deep-freeze lunar night; and (4) shallow moonquakes only 20 or 30 kilometers below the surface.
The first three were generally mild and harmless. Shallow moonquakes on the other hand were doozies. Between 1972 and 1977, the Apollo seismic network saw twenty-eight of them; a few "registered up to 5.5 on the Richter scale," says Neal. A magnitude 5 quake on Earth is energetic enough to move heavy furniture and crack plaster.

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Furthermore, shallow moonquakes lasted a remarkably long time. Once they got going, all continued more than 10 minutes. "The moon was ringing like a bell," Neal says.
On Earth, vibrations from quakes usually die away in only half a minute. The reason has to do with chemical weathering, Neal explains: "Water weakens stone, expanding the structure of different minerals. When energy propagates across such a compressible structure, it acts like a foam sponge—it deadens the vibrations." Even the biggest earthquakes stop shaking in less than 2 minutes.
The moon, however, is dry, cool and mostly rigid, like a chunk of stone or iron. So moonquakes set it vibrating like a tuning fork. Even if a moonquake isn't intense, "it just keeps going and going," Neal says. And for a lunar habitat, that persistence could be more significant than a moonquake's magnitude.
"Any habitat would have to be built of materials that are somewhat flexible," so no air-leaking cracks would develop. "We'd also need to know the fatigue threshold of building materials," that is, how much repeated bending and shaking they could withstand.
Right: Representative lunar seismograms from the Apollo 16 station. [More]
What causes the shallow moonquakes? And where do they occur? "We're not sure," he says. "The Apollo seismometers were all in one relatively small region on the front side of the moon, so we can't pinpoint [the exact locations of these quakes]." He and his colleagues do have some good ideas, among them being the rims of large and relatively young craters that may occasionally slump.
"We're especially ignorant of the lunar poles," Neal continues. That's important, because one candidate location for a lunar base is on a permanently sunlit region on the rim of Shackleton Crater at the Moon's south pole.
Neal and his colleagues are developing a proposal to deploy a network of 10 to 12 seismometers around the entire moon, to gather data for at least three to five years. This kind of work is necessary, Neal believes, to find the safest spots for permanent lunar bases.
And that's just the beginning, he says. Other planets may be shaking, too: "The moon is a technology test bed for establishing such networks on Mars and beyond."

http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2006/15mar_moonquakes/

SUNDAY, APRIL 5, 2009
Cutler's VLF transmitters.

The VLF Transmitter Cutler: 
The VLF Transmitter Cutler is the United States Navy's very low frequency (VLF) station at Cutler, in Maine. The station provides one-way communication to the United States submarine forces. These VLF transmitters can reach submarines 40 meter under the water. Most of the time the submarines itself are further underwater but they use an antenna floating 40 meter under the sea level which is attached to the submarine. This VLF transmitter is the second largest radio transmitter on the planet. It has a transmission power of 1800 kW, making it to one of the most powerful VLF-transmitters in the world. It also is one of the world's largest consumers of electrical power. In the picture below you can see the huge antenna's:


The extensive antenna system consists of two completely separate arrays. Each array consists of six diamond shaped panels supported by 13 towers. The central tower of each antenna system is 304 m tall, which is almost as tall as the Eiffel tower. It is surrounded by six 266.7 m tall masts, placed on a ring with a radius of 556 m around the central tower. The remaining six towers of the array are 243.5 m tall and placed on a circle of 935.7 m around the central tower:




It is proven that people in the surrounding area of the antenna's have a higher chance of getting cancer. This is why a lot of people left the nearby town of Cutler. The people of the house seen in the picture below would for sure be in the danger zone:


http://pcgladiator.blogspot.com/2009/04/cutlers-vlf-transmitters.html


...

Power Beaming to Orbital Satellites and to Space Stations
Sunlight Reflection
Charged Particle Acceleration
Beam Weapon
Over-horizon Radar
Long Distance Communications
ELF and VLF Communications
POSSIBLE DANGERS

What the actual dangers that HAARP poses are of course under some debate.

However: There is a big difference between what the dangers of the "Current HAARP Program" are, and what the dangers of the "Future HAARP Program" are! There is also a major difference between the dangers of a non-classified project and those posed by a large classified project whose scope and details are not made available to the general public!

The author of the "HAARP Game Home Page" on the internet titles his website: "HAARP is not unique or new technology. It is a continuation of war science discoveries from the 1950's" (unauthored, current).

It must be recalled that the entire HAARP Environmental Impact Statement was written in 1993 for the initial phases of the program, with the use of the lower power levels. This Environmental Impact Statement DOES NOT address the effects of the higher power levels that are planned for HAARP or any classified project applications.

Even attempts to obtain background material on HAARP have net with official resistance and refusal. An official request for the proceedings of the government workshop on HAARP, "Presentations from the HAARP Workshop on Ionospheric Heating Diagnostics" in 1991 (Fisher, D., Oct. 1991) was met with an official denial of the public's right to obtain that information (Kossey, P., May 1996). This information, as well as the complete list of attendees of that workshop (Unauthored, 1991), are all available on the internet. Complete website URLs are included for your use in each reference, where known.

A "Formal letter that the United States Air Force prepare a supplement to the July 1993 HAARP Final Environmental Impact Statement" has been submitted to the HAARP Project and even the President of the US, without visible effect thus far (Van Tuyn, P., May 1996). It is on the internet. Read it!

The effects of HAARP on the weather are completely unknown. "Weather Modification" is a very interesting subject, and if it existed, would absolutely become a classified project, in the interest of National Security. The effect of heating the jet stream over Alaska could have profound results on the weather in Denver or Miami, depending on the time of year and the original position of the jet stream over Alaska. To say that HAARP cannot or will not influence the weather is just not true. How much it will influence the weather is just unknown.

Also, we know that earthquakes are occur when tectonic plates shift. What would be the effect of massive ionized power coming from the Earth's atmosphere into the Earth's core? Could it be enough to trigger slight or major earthquakes? Perhaps.

ELF (Extremely Low Frequencies) and VLF (Very Low Frequencies) communications are also controversial topics of discussion. While the military currently uses such low frequencies within the Earth and the oceans to communicate with submarines world-wide, the use of the atmosphere for such communications may produce disastrous effects on insects, birds, animals, and humans!

Several researchers have already noted major adverse effects that have occurred in Alaska since the beginning of the HAARP experimentation program, and they point to HAARP as the only cause (Begich and Manning, 1995).

Researchers have estimated that such radiations will be similar to those found under power-lines, and much more severe, as the frequency will be more attuned to life functions and brain waves. One researcher is quoted as saying that insects and other life forms that depend upon using their antenna will be affected world-wide!

In addition, several other researchers have pointed out that in the future operational phases of the program, EMF waves will be produced within the atmosphere that are in the same frequency band as human brain waves. Our conscious and unconscious activities have been found to be controlled by brain waves in the range from 1 to about 35 Hz. Our conscious activity is regulated by brain waves in the 14-35 Hz range (Beta). Our unconscious and higher conscious activity is in the range of 8-14 Hz (Alpha). Our relaxed and deeply relaxed states are in the ranges of 4-8 Hz (Theta) and 1-4 Hz (Delta) (Hurtak, J., 1997). As the frequency decreases, the effect is more pronounced and more unconscious. The effect of large power EM radiations pulsing though the atmosphere on living creatures and human consciousness in these frequency ranges is completely unknown!

It has also been shown that both ELF and VLF radiations can affect and entrain human brain wave patterns in ways that are against that of the individual's will (Hurtak, J., Aug. 1996).

A list of the possible dangers include:

ELF and VLF Pollution
Disastrous Resonance Effects in Living Systems
Affects on Living Things
Affects on Insects
Affects on Human Brain Waves
Weather Disasters
Natural Disasters
Earthquakes
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

HAARP appears as a nice and ambitious military "scientific endeavor aimed at studying the properties and behavior of the ionosphere, with particular emphasis on being able to understand and use it to enhance communications and surveillance systems for both civilian and defense purposes". The HAARP Final Environmental Impact Statement was completed in 1993, and addresses the unclassified use of HAARP with very low amounts of input and transmitted power. Attempts to reopen an official assessment of this program have thus far failed. HAARP appears to be in use by ARCO to sell natural gas to the military that would otherwise be trapped in Alaska. The HAARP patents imply that Billions of Watts could easily be used to power HAARP, with no or few equipment upgrades. The patents are now owned by a major military contractor. Many of the possible applications, as stated in the actual patents supporting HAARP, would be classified. You can draw your own conclusions:

We are not being told the truth about the HAARP Program.
Alaska politics will always be supportive of HAARP.
The military will always be supportive of HAARP.
The military advantages could be significant.
The real dangers are completely unknown.
The real dangers could be very large in several areas!
The dangers to life may out weigh the military advantages.
THIS PROGRAM MAY NOT BE WORTH THE RISK!
An Independent Review Committee needs to be formed to access the possible dangers of the various real and possibly classified HAARP projects. This Committee needs to be independent from US Federal politics, Alaska state politics, the US military, and ARCO oil interests, and would probably need to report to both the Congress and the Senate. There is a great need to form this Review Committee, and the time to form it is NOW!

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The information, data, and support provided by Nick Begich and Jeane Manning is gratefully acknowledged, as well as their permission to quote from their book. We also thank all those individuals listed in the References, and all the other writers and networkers, both past and future, who are asking hard questions and when getting no answers do not ever, ever give up!

http://padrak.com/ine/HAARP97.html


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In Gakona, Alaska a joint project of the US Navy, Air Force and University of Alaska will soon be up and operational. The High frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) has been portrayed as a research project which will investigate the aurora borealis but in reality is a military-industrial endeavor which will employ renegade Tesla technology to alter the ionosphere in such a fashion as to tactically affect weather patterns, block all global communications and even effect planned earthquakes.

It is a bitter shame, IMO, that so much of Tesla's genius has been corrupted and perverted to the point whereby it could become an extremely negative influence in years to come.

Interestingly enough, a subsidiary of ARCO called APTI (ARCO Power Technologies, Inc.) holds a patent (#4,686,605) which matches the HAARP proposal dealing with transmitting extremely large amounts of RF energy into the ionosphere. The patent claims it has the following uses:

"cause...total disruption of communications over a very large portion of the earth...disrupting not only land-based communications, but also land-based communications and sea communications (both surface and subsurface)...missile or aircraft destruction, deflection, or confusion...weather modification...by altering solar absorbtion...ozone, nitrogen, etc. could be artificially increased..."

An initial trial experiment will be performed and, if "successful," will give the green light to a massive antenna array which the military hopes to complete sometime in 1997.

Although it has been recognized by the US Dept of Commerce, Natl Telecommunications and Information Administration that global communications will certainly be adversely affected by this strategy, other risks are unclear in the literature related to this project.

Read on and you will discover why the proposed use of the HAARP project is akin to removing a few fleas from your dog by pouring gasoline on him then igniting it. Though the fleas are destroyed, so in the process is your dog. This perversion of well-intended Tesla technology will most probably have dire side effects on every living thing in our entire biosphere and could conceivably lead to the destruction of the entire planet.

Regarding the theory behind HAARP, Tesla was quoted in the New York Times (Dec. 8, 1915) as saying:

"It is not a time to go into the details of this thing. It is founded upon a principle that means great things in times of peace; it can be used for great things in war. But I repeat, this is no time to talk of such things.

"It is perfectly practicable to transmit electrical energy without wires and produce destructive effects at a distance. I have already constructed a wireless transmitter which makes this possible, and have described it in my technical publications, among which I refer to my patent number 1,119,732, recently granted. With transmitters of this kind we are enabled to project electrical energy in any amount to any distance and apply it for innumerable purposes, both in war and peace. Through the universal adoption of this system, ideal conditions for the maintenance of law and order will be realized, for then the energy necessary to the enforcement of right and justice will be normally productive, yet potential, and in any moment available for attack and defense. The power transmitted need not be necessarily destructive, for, if distance is made to depend upon it, it's withdrawl or supply will bring about the same results as those now accomplished by force of arms."

A later New York Times article (Sept. 22, 1940) stated:

"Nikola Tesla, one of the truly great inventors, who celebrated his 84th birthday on July 10, tells the writer that he stands ready to divulge to the US Government the secret of his 'tele- force' with which, he said, airplane motors would be melted at a distance of 250 miles, so that an invisible Chinese Wall of defense would be built around the country.

"This 'teleforce', he said, is based on an entirely new principle of physics that 'no one has ever dreamed about', different from the principle in his inventions relating to the transmission of electrical power from a distance, for which he has received a number of basic patents. This new type of force, Mr. Tesla said, would operate through a beam one hundred- millionth of a square centimeter, and could be generated from a special plant that would cost no more than $2,000,000 and would take only about three months to construct."

In a press release by the USAF dated Nov. 3, 1993, the military announced that the prime contractor on the HAARP project was ARCO Power Technologies, Inc. and that the first phase of the program was already underway to develop and test a low-power high-frequency (2.8-10.0 MHz) prototype transmitter array.

A fact sheet issued by the Office of Naval Research and the Phillips Laboratory about HAARP (Nov. 4, 1993) mentioned (among other things):

"Potential applications of the HAARP research include developing DoD technology for detecting cruise missiles and aircraft and for communicating with submarines. Although HAARP is being managed by the AF and Navy, it is purely a scientific research facility [yeah, right -d4]...

"...The beam would be several degrees wide, depending on frequency, and thus would influence a region several miles in diameter in the lower ionosphere, expanding to several tens of miles in the upper ionosphere.

"As a result of a competitive procurement, the AF and Navy has awarded a contract to ARCO Power Technologies, Inc. (APTI) for the design and construction of the IRI and associated support facilities...The current schedule anticipates construction at the Gakona [Alaska] site would begin November 1993 and conclude the fall of 1994 with the demonstration prototype. Construction for the full-size IRI is anticipated to begin early 1995 and conclude late 1997."

Joint US/Soviet Involvement
Further research reveals that starting in the late 1960's, US and Soviet scientists began a series of joint efforts to warm up the Arctic (documented in Lowell Ponte's 1976 book, "The Cooling"). At the 1974 Vladivostok Summit, US and Soviet leaders began weather engineering operations. By the late 1970's, the US joined in it's own weather-modifying ELF signals.

To improve joint electromagnetic weather-control actions, the US brought a number of Russian scientists to work at the top-secret Lawrence Livermore high-tech weapons laboratory . Although the project was officially disguised as "environmental cleanup research," the real purpose of the joint Russian/US project has been kept secret from the American people.

The plan to use Russian technology was described in the 4/8/93 Journal of Commerce & Commercial Bulletin:

"During the Cold War, in the closed research laboratory of the Gorky, Russian military scientists developed the 'Gyrotron'; a high-energy microwave generator designed to sweep the skies of Western warplanes [using Tesla scalar-wave technology].

"Today, at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, American military scientists are weighing a Russian proposal to use those generators for a new mission -- cleansing the atmosphere of ozone- depleting chemicals [CFC's]. The Lawrence Livermore scientists began collaborating with their Russian counterparts last year, travelling to Russian research centers, engaging in joint projects..."

The new HAARP weather-engineering system, now under construction in Alaska, will have (among it's numerous functions) the clear capacity to zap pollution and will also be able to increase or decrease upper atmospheric ozone levels at will. In fact, the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory's secret 21-member US/Soviet "Project Woodpecker" team in charge of the project just won a special award from both the CIA and the NSA for their efforts.

Hmm...sounds OK so far. So what's all the fuss about?

US Weather Engineering Project
Physicist Dr. Bernard J. Eastlund essentially "borrowed" Tesla's ideas and received a patent (#4,686,605 issued Aug. 11, 1987) for an invention which employed the borrowed ideas. The patent was assigned to ARCO's APTI and on Sept. 6, 1987, National Public Radio reported:

"Dr. Eastlund stated that his new invention could be used to change the weather by redirecting the very high wind patterns... The invention uses an earth-based power source to create electromagnetic radio waves and focus them way up into the atmosphere. Dr. Eastlund says the invention could steer the jet stream, but could also be used to disrupt communications all over the world."

Among other things, the 1987 patent states, "Large regions of the upper atmosphere could be lifted to an unexpected high altitude...weather modification is possible, by for example altering the upper atmosphere wind patterns (which is exactly what the Russian Woodpecker ELF system does)."

A 3/88 OMNI Magazine article about Dr. Eastlund's invention stated:

"...Essentially what would happen is a huge section of the [HAARP] charged atmosphere would be pushed upward and outward from earth by this electromagnetic force. You can, says Eastlund, virtually lift part of the upper atmosphere.

"Eastlund also says you could construct 'plumes of atmospheric particles to act as a lens or focusing device for sunlight. By being able to intensify and control light, one could heat a specific part of the earth and learn to manipulate local wind patterns.

"What this means, he says, is that by controlling local weather patterns, one could, say, bring rain to Ethiopia or alter the summer storm pattern in the Caribbean" (as just demonstrated in the July, 1994 Gulf storm that stood-in-place and flooded Georgia, Florida and Alabama).

"Because of the publicity about these aspects of the Eastlund- Arco patent, the US Government suppressed all further news about the invention's weather-engineering features. Since about 1989, the invention has been disguised as a device for conducting "atmospheric research."

A hard-working environmental group, the Cook Inlet Vigil, has uncovered shocking details about the severe dangers posed by this new earthionospheric "zapping" system. The 12/15/91 Alaska Daily News carried a big article on HAARP:

"Electrical energy floats high over Alaska, where it is visible as the aurora borealis, a shimmering white, green and crimson curtain. These brilliant northern lights are the product of a huge natural generator that produces up to 10,000,000 megawatts of power as particles from the solar wind crash into the earth's magnetic field. There are concentrated currents, called electrojets, that flow in the ionosphere, and may sometimes reach millions of amperes. When the electrojet touches earth, as it sometimes does during magnetic storms, it can knock out telephone cables and power grids."

The most powerful pre-HAARP ELF ionospheric heating systems were constructed by the Soviet Union at sites in Sura, Goriky, Monchegorsk and Dushanbe (Tadzhikistan). Western pre-HAARP ionospheric heating systems are located in Tromso, Norway; Arecibo, Puerto Rico; near Fairbanks, Alaska; and at Platteville, Colorado. These systems together with the Russian Woodpecker Tesla Magnifying Transmitters, have created a severe alteration of global weather patterns -- beginning in 1976, but intensifying through the 1980's and 1990's, as more ELF transmitters were constructed.

The new Gakona HAARP project is only the beginning stage of a much larger system. Later, the antenna array will be vastly expanded and radiate power of 1.7 GIGAwatts (billions of watts), making it the most powerful ELF transmitter in the world. As an aside, Tesla researcher Sheldon Nidle mentioned in his 1994 book "You are becoming a Galactic Human":

"...These events allowed me to study some unusual Tesla devices such as the wireless power technology, called the magnifying transmitter, in greater detail. This research gave me access to information as to how Tesla's theories were being used by both the Soviet Union and the US to create a weather war that has continued from the mid-1970's to the present time."

Strange skyglow anomalies and wierd lightning and plasma-type effects have been seen all over the former USSR, near the Woodpecker transmitter sites. For example, the 9/23/77 Washington Post reported that "a strange, star-like ball of light was sighted over Petrozavodsk in Soviet Karelia, spreading over it like a jellyfish and showering down shafts of light."

Similar plasma effects have been created by the US ionosphere- zapping ELF transmitters, at the height of 1993's great midwest flood. The 9/24/93 Kansas City Star reported that a research team from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute (which is involved in work on HAARP) discovered "mysterious flashes of light that shoot from the tops of storm-clouds into the upper atmosphere...over the midwest during summer floods."

This sighting occurred when that area was being hit with giant standing-wave, long-lasting weather-blocking systems that were generated by a combination of the Russion Woodpecker ELF waves and US GWEN Tower VLF waves. The newspaper reported that these mysterious flashes "resemble jellyfish. They are brightest where they top out -- typically about 40 miles high -- so you have the jellyfish body at the top with tentacles trailing down."

Additional information about the mystery flashes over 1993's midwest flood appeared in the 5/27/94 Science Magazine which reported: "Atmospheric Scientists Puzzle Over High-Altitude Flashes" and certain recently released films taken from the space shuttle (STS something-or-other) which caught the odd plasma effects ["sprites" -d4].

Dangerous Earth Anomalies From ELFs
Within a short time after the start of US and Soviet through-the- earth transmissions, this planet's internal dynamo was affected. The 12/13/84 Washington Post reported that the earth had experienced a sudden unexpected slowdown in rotation. Although the planet's spin had been gradually decreasing over a long period of time, this anomaly was so unusual that the normal compensation by US Naval Observatory scientists (via a leap second added to atomic clocks) was not needed. The newspaper stated: "Why earth should have slowed...isn't wholly understood." Scientists at the US Naval Observatory and at the Jet Propulsion Lab found that the "earth, like an unbalanced washing machine," has developed "wobbles as it spins." (7/15/88 Wall Street Journal).

The 7/90 OMNI Magazine reported that between January 24 to February 3, 1990, the earth's rotation suddenly and unexpectedly slowed down AGAIN. US Naval Observatory scientists reported that the slowdown was more abrupt than usual. The 8/9/91 New York Times described the causes of these unexpected sudden disruptions:

"Geophysicists suspect that perturbations in the circulation of the hot fluid metallic core contributes to the rotational changes...The irregular rotation variations are the result of fluctuating fluid flow in the underlying metallic core and the overlying hydrosphere and atmosphere, and...also convection forces within earth and the movement of crustal plates near the surface." All of which are influenced by through-the-earth ELF vibrations.

The 12/11/86 Chicago Tribune reported: "Giant whirlpools, some nearly 60 miles wide, have been detected moving along Norway's coasts at speeds of up to 4 knots, posing serious threats to mariners. These giant whirlpools have no obvious center and are difficult to spot." The newspaper reported that the mammoth whirlpools were unheard of before 1980 (a period after the US and the USSR began generating ELF waves).

Giant standing waves called "solitons," have been spotted near the Strait of Gibralter. The 4/30/85 New York Times reported the discovery of massive internal waves in the oceans that do not appear to any large extent on the surface. "A dramatic series of internal waves has now been traced through the Strait of Gibralter from photographs" taken from a space shuttle in October, 1984. A map in that newspaper shows a giant standing wave line on the western side of the Strait.

Scientists measuring ocean waves reported that "the Atlantic Ocean is getting rougher." Measurements taken since the 1960's indicated that during the late 1970's (a period following the start of Soviet and US ELF transmissions), "the waves did seem to get bigger." The 4/19/88 New York Times reported that British scientists have discovered that waves in the northeast Atlantic Ocean "have increased more than 20 percent since the 1960's." Ocean researchers consider this to be a "significant climatic phenomenon."

Earthquake Engineering Project
In a February, 1912 interview, in the publication, "The World Today" Nikola Tesla said that it would be possible to split the planet by combining vibrations with the correct resonance of the earth itself:

"Within a few weeks, I could set the earth's crust into such a state of vibrations that it would rise and fall hundreds of feet, throwing rivers out of their beds, wrecking buildings and practically destroying civilization."

The article, "Tesla's Controlled Earthquakes" (July 11, 1935 New York American) stated: Tesla's "experiments in transmitting mechanical vibrations through the earth -- called by him 'the art of telegeodynamics' were roughly described by the scientist as a sort of 'controlled earthquake.'

He stated: "The rythmical vibrations pass through the earth with almost no loss of energy. It becomes possible to convey mechanical effects to the greatest terrestrial distances and produce all kinds of unique effects. The invention could be used with destructive effect in war..."

In January, 1978, Dr. Andrija Puharich, M.D., LL.D. issued a detailed research paper titled, "GLOBAL MAGNETIC WARFARE -- A Layman's Viet of Certain Artificially Induced Effects on Planet Earth during 1976 and 1977." Describing early Soviet work with Tesla's method of "controlled earthquakes," he stated: "Of the many great earthquakes of 1976, there is one that demands special attention -- the July 28, 1976 Tangshan, China earthquake." Puharich's analysis is significant because it describes airglow plasma effects created by the Soviet Woodpecker system. Ionosphere heating ELF systems, like HAARP, can generate similar effects.

He stated: "The reason that this 1976 earthquake attracted my attention is that it was preceeded by a light flare-up of the entire sky over Tangshan. Also, this earthquake occurred during the first month of Soviet Woodpecker radio emmissions...The most prominent effect was that when the Soviet Woodpecker emission was on at full strength -- the sky would light up like an ionized gaslamp -- just as Tesla had predicted."

The 6/5/77 New York Times described the great earthquake, which destroyed Tangshan, and killed over 650,000 people: "Just before the first tremor at 3:42am, the sky lit up like daylight. The multi-hued lights, mainly white and red, were seen up to 200 miles away. Leaves on many trees were burned to a crisp and growing vegetables were scorched on one side, as if by a fireball."

These electrical effects are tied to electromagnetic plasma and ball lightning and the strange array of flashes which results from Tesla-style and HAARP-like transmissions. As part of the secret 1974 Vladivostok US-Soviet artificial global-warming agreement, the US began 30 Hz ELF transmissions from a site in the Pacific northwest in Washington. Coincidentally with the increase in Soviet and US ELF transmissions during 1980, was a sharp increase in earthquakes around the world. The 1/30/81 Washington Post reported: "The world sustained 71 significant earthquakes during 1980, up from 56 the previous year, and the world death toll climbed to 7140, 5 times the 1979 figure, the USGS said."

On September 12, 1989, sensors called magnetometers, (at Corralitos, near Monterrey Bay, California) detected unusual ULF (between 0.01 Hz and 10 Hz -- the lowest ELF frequencies) radio signals, "which grew 30 times stronger October 5, and then weakened somewhat. At 2:00pm on October 17, the signals grew so strong that they went off of the sensor's scales. Three hours later, the San Francisco Bay area shook violently as the magnitude 7.1 Loma Prieta earthquake killed more than 60 people and injured 3800 others. The catastrophic January 17, 1994 Los Angeles earth- quake was also preceded by mysterious radio signals. Some observers in Los Angeles reported hearing two loud "sonic booms" (which are typical symptoms of Soviet Tesla weapons usage) immediately before the earthquake.

That strange underground hum in the western US beginning to make a little more sense now?

Typical earthquakes occur no deeper than 20 to 25 kilometers. A very rare deep quake just took place. The 6/18/94 Science News reported that on June 8th, 'a magnitude 8.2 quake emanated from 600 kilometers below Bolivia, punching the planet hard enough to send it ringing like a bell. The quake was felt in much of North America, even as far away as Seattle -- a fact that has puzzled geophysicists. "This is the first time we know of that a quake in that part of South America was felt in North America,' says Bruce W. Presgrave of the National Earthquake Information Center."

A Grave Danger to Earth
Demonstrating the grave danger to this planet's geomagnetic stability, the 1987 Eastlund patent (which is the basic design for the HAARP project) stated that "The earth's magnetic field could be decreased or disrupted at appropriate altitudes to modify or eliminate the magnetic field."

Quoting the 3/88 OMNI Magazine article, "Richard Williams, a physicist at Princeton, stated that he thinks the Eastlund (HAARP) might become 'a serious threat to the earth's atmosphere' and 'could cause irreversible damage...effects in the atmosphere cannot be localized...the language of the patent indicates that it is clearly intended to provide effects on a global scale'."

Quoting the 2/94 Cook Inlet Monthly Bush Blade, "The late geomagnetic researcher Lloyd Zirbes strongly opposed the technology utilized in the HAARP system. He wrote, 'Disruption of the earth's magnetic field will complete damages to the planet's balance done by the government nuclear bomb blasts in the natural radiation belts above the ionosphere. Earth's magnetic field keeps the planet in balance with the moon and sun. Disrupting the field will be the last straw in sending earth into the sun or out into space'."

The combined effects of these transmitters, including the Russian Woodpecker, the new HAARP system, together with all the other ELF and VLF systems (such as those in Michigan and the GWEN towers), are very dangerous. When operating simultaneously and during times of geomagnetic storms, they present a severe threat to the entire planet.

The disruption of the earth's internal dynamo, and the disruption and alteration of the upper atmospheric magnetic belts (which constitute the external part of the earth's natural dynamo system), can create a premature reversal of the magnetic poles, worsen the newly discovered wobble of the earth's spin and possibly create a total polar reversal or earth shift.

The 1/78 Specula Magazine described Woodpecker effects:

"An electromagnetic signal of certain frequencies can be transmitted through the earth which, when introduced into the earth at certain multiples of 30 degrees, will form standing waves in the earth itself. In certain incidence angle cases, the standing wave also induces a strange phenomenon: coherence to the standing wave is formed in the molten core of the earth itself, and a tiny fraction of the vast, surging electromagnetic currents of the liquid core begin to feed into and augment the induced standing wave.

"At this point, one has established a sort of giant triode: the inducing signal one is putting into the earth is the grid signal, and the vast energy in the molten core of the earth is the cathode and power supply. The established coherence serves as an amplification factor for the grid signal, and much more energy is now present in the standing wave than the miniscule amount being fed in from the earth's surface. By interferometer type techniques, multiple 'giant resonance' waves of this type can be combined so that a 'beam' or focused effect of very great energy exists inside the earth.

"Depending on the frequency, focusing, wave shape, etc. one can ...induce a variety of effects such as earthquakes, induced at a distant aiming point, severe disturbances in the middle and upper atmosphere over the target area...and anomalous weather effects. This is called the Tesla effect."

Unlike earlier periods, the earth is now much more vulnerable to outside astronomical influences. Today, powerful transmitters are interfering with, overriding and blanking out earth's natural magnetic field. For the first time in human history, an ever-increasing number of artificial ELF and VLF vibrations are disrupting earth's natural internal and external electromagnetic systems (which help to maintain planetary rotation, balance and stability). The newly discovered planetary wobble and sudden, abrupt slow-downs in rotation are only the beginning. The chances are now greatly increased that any asteroid or meteorite that hits the earth could set off such a destructive resonance that the planet could split (as Tesla predicted) or suffer a total polar shift.

The severe threat to global stability created by the combined effects of the Woodpecker, HAARP, other ionosphere-heating ELF, long wire ELF and GWEN tower systems was demonstrated in T.E. Beardon's book, "Fer-de-Lance":

"Any large collection of nuclei -- such as a star or a planet -- is a strong absorber and radiator od scalar wave radiation. The Sun is a particularly strong source of scalar wave radiation. This radiation penetrates the earth deeply, interacting more and more with the deeper layers, which under greater mechanical stress are more nonlinear. Most of the heat in the molten core of the earth comes from the dephasing of a portion of this absorbed scalar radiation from the Sun, liberating ordinary electromagnetic energy as heat.

"The Earth also re-radiates scalar wave radiation back to the Sun. The Sun and the Earth are thus coupled into a scalar system in equilibrium or near-equilibrium. Each body in the couplet posesses both a feedforward and a feedback loop."

Describing large electromagnetic weapons (such as Woodpecker and HAARP-like systems), Bearden said:

"If significant scalar effects are produced on Earth in a 'pulse' mode, pulsed disturbances of the Earth-Sun and Earth-Moon systems result. Here a danger exists that one or more natural resonances of the coupled systems may be excited. If too much or sharp stimulation occurs on Earth, the coupled resonant response from the Sun could be disasterous. The simplest Doomsday simulation would be for a violent expulsion of solar electromagnetic energy and particles to occur. If this were due to resonance, the expulsions of solar electromagnetic energy and particles would continue during some decay time. In that case, the fiery destruction of the Earth, strongly indicative of Biblical prophecy, would result. Particularly sensitive are the resonances of Sun-Earth, Sun-Moon and Earth-Moon systems.

"Note the abnormal influence of the Moon on tides -- tides of both the Earth's tectonic plates and oceans. If the Earth-Moon resonant system were overstimulated, one might expect VIOLENT earthquakes of extraordinary magnitude, and tremendous tidal waves hundreds of feet in heights. (The potential connections to legends of earth-destroying floods, scientific evidence of extreme water levels in mountains, and legends of ancient catyclysmic destruction of supposedly advanced technological oceanic cultures is obvious). [Atlantis]

"Use of huge scalar electromagnetic weapons (including US devices which interfere with God-given protective Van Allen and other external magnetic belts) is a double-edged sword. Unless carefully employed, use of the weapons could cause a terrible backlash to the user (as the Soviets discovered when the main power source for the Gomel Woodpecker transmitter at Chernobyl exploded in 1986), as well as the victim, and even cause the destruction of Earth itself.

"With scalar electromagnetic weapons, the consequence of a relatively simple electronic failure can be catastrophic; not only for the local nation but for the earth as a whole. If an electrogravitational pulse discharge happens to tickle the Sun's and Moon's [natural scalar electromagnetic] feedback loops the wrong way, you'll get convulsions on the earth, and a violent increase in the interior heat of the Earth's molten core, with a concomittant eruption of that core right up through the Earth's mantle."

http://www.diegomusiccreations.com/haarp-and-tesla-technology.php

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Over Christmas 2003 there were FIVE major earthquakes across the globe, culminating in a series of devastating tremors in Iran. 2003/12/26 01:56:52 28.99n 58.29e 10.0 6.5 Southeastern Iran 2003/12/25 23:09:43 22.43s 169.49e 10.0 6.0 Southeast Of Loyalty Islands 2003/12/25 20:42:33 22.30s 169.45e 10.0 6.5 Southeast Of Loyalty Islands 2003/12/25 14:21:11 34.83s 178.43w 10.0 6.0 South Of Kermadec Islands 2003/12/25 07:11:11 8.41n 82.84w 33.0 6.5 Panama-Costa Rica Border Region With thanks to Eric Hufschmid for the above information via propagandmatrix The media have barely mentioned these other quakes, largely because they occurred in remote areas and caused little damage and loss of life. However, such a spate of earthquakes in so a brief a period is curious in itself. But what is really unusual is the actual timing of the Iranian quake. Just as Iran was about to challenge Israelnuclear supremacy in the Middle East, it is rocked by a devastating quake that could claim up to 50,000 lives and take years to recover from. Was it a coincidence that Iran was moving into a position to challenge Israel nuclear dominance of the region when the tremor struck? This writer had his suspicions and they have just been echoed in a telephone conversation. The caller and myself have a mutual acquaintance, let's call him Alex, who is endowed with some remarkable psychic gifts. Among other things, he can see beyond the apparent to what is really happening and even what is going to happen. Nearly two years ago, A year ago Britain and America would invade Iraq but that country was not the ultimate target. Iran was. Now he is saying that this most recent disaster was not the result of natural forces. The Americans are behind it, probably working at the behest of their Zionist overlords, and using secret high technology, most probably HAARP. With this in mind the following article, written over two years ago, is more pertinent than ever... HAARP antenna in Alaska Weapons of the New World Order Technology will make available, to the leaders of major nations, techniques for conducting secret warfare, of which only a bare minimum of the security forces will be appraised, Techniques of weather modification could be employed to produce prolonged periods of drought or storm. Illuminati strategist and front man Zbigniew Brzezinski writing in Between Two Ages 1970. It sounds like something from Greek legend or Nordic mythology. Harnessing the elements and quite literally using natural forces as a weapon of war: causing earthquakes or storms and maybe even hurling thunderbolts at your opponents. To make it all the more effective the recipients would never see it coming, at least not until it hit them. And then in the aftermath, amidst the ruin and devastation, who would they blame? Unlike a missile attack or a bombing raid the perpetrators wouldn't be obvious so the victims would end up blaming elemental chaos, not the real culprits. Unfortunately the above is not just speculation. The ability to trigger earthquakes, floods, hurricanes and even effect peoples brains and the Earth's own tectonic plates is now a very real possibility; the research has been done, the tests completed and the weaponry has been deployed, and maybe even used.

http://www.alienhub.com/politics-conspiracies-cover-ups/311-haarp-project.html


...


"According to an unconfirmed report by the Russian Northern Fleets, the tragic earthquake in Haiti was caused by a US navy earthquake weapon that went "horribly wrong," reports Press TV. The weapons test was originally supposed to be used against Iran but caused the cataclysmic earthquake in the Caribbean country.
 
The purpose of the earthquake weapon being used against Iran, according to the Russian report, was to topple the current Islamic system in the country.
 
Vive TV reports that the unconfirmed Russian report also suggests that the US instigated the 6.5 magnitude earthquake in the Pacific Ocean earlier this month. That earthquake did not cause any deaths or injuries but did damage many residential and commercial buildings.
 
The report further states that the system carrying out these tests is the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP). The data also coincides with a previous report that associates the 2008 7.8 magnitude earthquake in China with HAARP.
 
Although Russia has accused the US of holding such a type of weapon, a Georgia Green Party leader claimed that Moscow, allegedly possessing similar weapons, caused an earthquake on Georgian territory several years ago." (source)
 
http://beforeitsnews.com/story/20/951/Are_We_in_a_HAARP_Earthquake_War.html 

...

Part 3 of 3 ...

4.2. Extended program of wave injection experiments

The program described above represents the minimum effort that can adequately address the

scientific questions outlined in the report to the PARS team. However if sufficient resources

can be found, each HAARP campaign can be lengthened by one additional week with HAARP

transmissions during this week being dedicated to ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection experiments.

Transmissions would occur each night during the 2000-0600 local time period without regard to

the degree of magnetic disturbance. The extra week of transmissions would provide a baseline

for characterizing the success of the experiments as a function of magnetic disturbance.

 

A. APPENDIX: REVIEW OF EXISTING SCIENTIFIC DATA

Below we discuss the salient points of our review of the relevant data concerning ULF/ELF/VLF

generation by HF heaters, ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection into the magnetosphere, and spacecraft

observations of ULF/ELF/VLF waves and energetic electrons.

 

A.1 Siple Station Experiments

Stanford University has had many years of experience with ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments

carried out with the Siple Station, Antarctica facility during 1974-1989. In these

experiments, 1.2 to 7 kHz waves were launched on field lines ranging from L = 5 to L = 3,

with ducting, amplification, and emission triggering occurring in many cases. In 1973 and 1974

ducted signals were observed on approximately 20% of the total number of days, and on these

days ducting occurred over intervals of 4 to 8 hours [Carpenter and Miller, 1976, 1983; Carpenter,

1981; Carpenter and Bao, 1983]. Ducted signal propagation occurred most frequently during

the quieting periods following magnetic disturbances. The experiments were conducted for a

wide range of transmitter radiated power levels, and geomagnetic conditions. The minimum

radiated power for wave growth and emission triggering was approximately 1 W [Helliwell et

al., 1980]. Experience with Siple indicates that the selection of geomagnetic conditions and

transmitter frequency and modulation are critically important to the success of ELF/VLF wave

injection experiments.

 

Although the Siple transmitter signals were not observed to be ducted for L > 5, this is

thought to be due to a poor signal to noise ratio for these signals, since they lose power as a result

of wave spreading loss and attenuation in the Earth- ionosphere waveguide as they propagate

from the transmitter location at L = 4.2 to ducts atL > 5. In fact lightning generated whistlers,

which in general have much higher amplitudes than the typical signals from Siple, have been

observed to propagate in the ducted mode on L shells as high as L = 8 [Carpenter, 1981]. Thus

there is good reason to expect that whistler mode ducts will be present in the vicinity of HAARP.

 

A.2 Tromsø Experiments

Electromagnetic waves in the 200 Hz to 6.5 kHz frequency range have been generated by the

Max Planck Institute’s HF heating facility near Tromsø, Norway, through modulation of the

overhead auroral electrojet currents. The Tromsø experimental data, as well as theoretical

models interpreting the data, have been published in a long series of papers spanning more than

a decade [e.g., Stubbe and Kopka, 1977; Stubbe et al., 1981, 1982; Barr and Stubbe, 1984a,

1984b; 1991a, 1991b; Rietveld et al., 1987, 1989; James, 1985 ]. Below we list the most

important features of these experiments.

1) The Tromsø HF ionospheric heating facility successfully produced electromagnetic waves

in the 200 Hz to 6.5 kHz frequency range with an amplitude of approximately 1 pT as

measured on the ground. The ELF/VLF wave amplitude was roughly constant between

2–6 kHz, but dropped by 3 dB at the lower end of the frequency range.

2) The HF heater frequency generally lay within the three frequency bands: 2.75 - 4 MHz, 3.85

- 5.6 MHz, and 5.5 - 8 MHz, and the HF signal was generally 100% amplitude modulated

with a square wave.

3) The HF radiated power was approximately 1 MW, and the effective radiated power (ERP)

generally lay in the range of 200 to 300 MW.

4) It was generally found that X-mode polarization of the HF signal resulted in a more intense

radiated ELF/VLF signal than O-mode polarization.

5) The ELF/VLF signal strengthwas highly correlated with magnetic activity, and significantly

more intense ELF/VLF waves were produced during periods of moderate geomagnetic

disturbance with Kp~ 3.

6) The amplitude of the ELF waves was essentially independent of the ERP of the HF signal,

but depended only on the total HF power delivered to the ionosphere.

7) The ratio of heating to cooling time constants ranged from 1 at 510 Hz to 0.3 at 6 kHz.

The Tromsø facility was also used to excite ULF waves in the 1.67 - 700 mHz frequency range

[Stubbe and Kopka, 1981; Stubbe et al., 1985; Maul et al., 1990]. A variety of HF modulation

schemes were attempted. The amplitude of the excited ULF waves were of the order of 100 -

10,000 pT.

 

A.3 Arecibo, HIPAS, and HAARP ELF/VLF Experiments

The high power HF ionospheric heating facilities at the Arecibo, HIPAS, and HAARP Observatories

have been used in a number of campaigns to modulate ionospheric current systemsw at

ELF/VLF frequencies in order to produce ELF/VLF waves. At Arecibo, the equatorial dynamo

current was modulated and ELF/VLF waves were produced over the frequency range of 500 Hz

to 5 kHz using a heater frequency of approximately 3 MHz and a total HF input power of 800

kW, with an ERP of 160 - 320 MW [Ferraro et al., 1982]. There was also evidence that the

HF heater sometimes created ducts along which VLF signals could propagate into the conjugate

ionosphere [ it M. Starks, 2000].

At HIPAS, the HF heater was used to create ELF/VLF waves through three different modulation

techniques, amplitude modulation, phase modulation, and beat-frequency modulation

[Wong et al.,1995]. Amplitude modulation appeared to be generally the most efficient. The

generation of ELF/VLF waves at HIPAS was most successful when the electrojet was overhead,

when there was low D region absorption, and when energetic particle precipitation and visible

aurora were not overhead [Wong et al.,1996]. Enhancement of the ELF/VLF wave amplitude

could sometimes be achieved by pointing the HF beam in a direction other than vertical, leading

to the conclusion that ELF/VLF wave production is optimized when the HF beam has is pointed

toward the electrojet position [Garnier et al., 1998].

ELF wave generation at HAARP has been carried out using varying frequency and polarization

[Milikh et al., 1998]. Results implied that the polarization of the generated ELF wave can

be controlled by changing the frequency or polarization of the heating HF waves. The efficiency

of ELF wave generation at HAARP has also been studied as a function of HF frequency and

polarization and ELF frequency and waveform [Rowland and McCarrick, 2000]. Results indicated

that the largest ELF signal was produced when the HF frequency was 3.3 MHz in x-mode

with 100% square wave modulation and the ELF frequency was approximately 1 kHz.

 

A.4 Spacecraft Observations

The efficacy of the use of a modulated HF heater to inject ELF/VLF waves into the magetosphere

has been demonstrated using four spacecraft: DE-1, ISIS-1, Aureol-3, and EXOS-D [James et

al., 1984,1990; Berthelier et al.,1983; Wong et al.,1995]. Waves in the frequency range 525

Hz - 5.85 kHz produced by the Tromsø heating facility were observed during passes of these

spacecraft near the heater. The HF frequencies used during these observations were 2.759

and 4.04 MHz. The HF carrier waves were square wave modulated, either at a series of four

frequencies (0.525,1.725, 2.925, and 4. kHz) or five frequencies (0.525, 1.525, 2.225, 2.925,

4.425, and 5.925). In all cases the pulse length at each frequency was one second. The total

HF power was 1.08 MW, and the polarization was periodically switched between x-mode and

o-mode. In general the x-mode polarization produced the most intense ELF/VLF signals at

the spacecraft location. Harmonics of the ELF/VLF modulating signals were also observed, as

would be expected for square wave modulation.

During the ISIS observations it was found that amplitude of the ELF/VLF signals at the

spacecraft were approximately 10 dB stronger than the amplitude of the ELF/VLF signals

measured on the ground near the HF facility. The highest amplitude ELF/VLF signals observed

by the spacecraft were those at 525 Hz and 1.75 kHz. From the DE-1 data the power output

from the modulated electrojet was estimated to be approximately 30 W.

 

A.5 Amplification of ELF/VLF Waves

Within the plasmasphere, discrete VLF emissions are commonly triggered by externally injected

discrete whistler mode waves such as lightning generated whistlers and fixed frequency signals

from ground based VLF transmitters, with peak emission intensities reaching values as large as

16 pT [Bell, 1985 ]. During this process the input waves can be amplified by 30 dB or more. It

is commonly believed that the amplification of the input waves and the triggering of emissions

takes place near the magnetic equator through a gyroresonance interaction between ~ 1-20 keV

energetic electrons and the triggering wave in which the particle pitch angles are altered and free

energy is transferred from the particles to the waves [Helliwell, 1967; Matsumoto and Kimura,

1971; Omura, et al., 1991; Nunn and Smith 1996 ]. Understanding the physical mechanism of

the emission process is important since these interactions can directly affect the lifetimes of the

resonant electrons.

Recently, simultaneous ELF/VLF plasma wave data and 0.1 - 20 keV energetic electron data

have been acquired with the PWI and HYDRA instruments on the POLAR spacecraft during

periods when VLF emissions were triggered by VLF transmitter signals [Bell et al., 2000]. Itwas

found that in all cases the pitch angle distribution of the resonant electrons is highly anisotropic,

with the average electron energy transverse to Earth’s magnetic field exceeding that parallel

by a large factor. According to theory, this type of electron distribution can greatly amplify

ELF/VLF waves which propagate through it, and this undoubtedly is the cause of the observed

amplification and emission triggering [Bell et al., 2000]. It was also found that amplification

of 20 dB or more appeared to require a minimum perpendicular energy flux at 20 keV at the

magnetic equator of ~ 6 ?106(cm2 - s - sr)-1. This flux level was observed to occur under

conditions of moderate to strong magnetic activity when Kp > 3 , and it was equaled on only 3

equatorial dawn passes in January, 1997, and emissions were observed on 2 of these 3. However,

amplification without emission triggering appeared to commonly occur at lower flux levels.

 

A.6 Excitation of ULF and Lower-ELF Waves

No wave-injection experiments were carried out in the lower ELF and ULF range using the Siple

Station, Antarctica, transmitter, since the Siple transmitter was not usable at frequencies below

about 1.2 kHz. However, there have been other attempts at generating ULF waves. For example,

the U. S. Navy VLF transmitter at Cutler, Maine, was square wave modulated at frequencies

of 0.2, 1, and 5 Hz over the course of one month [Willis and Davis, 1976]. Micropulsations

occurred on a number of occasions at harmonics of the transmitter modulation frequency. These

events all occurred in the quieting period following geomagnetically active days. In addition, as

mentioned above, The Tromsø facility has been used to excite ULF waves in the Pc 5 frequency

range [Stubbe and Kopka, 1981.

There is some evidence that ULF waves can be excited more efficiently by heating the E

or F regions rather than the D region. For example, according to the model of C. L. Chang

[1996], the plasma density changes in the E or F regions produced by the heater can engender

larger conductivity changes than can be produced in the D region through collision frequency

variations. At higher frequencies, 6 - 76 Hz, the HIPAS HF heater has been used to generate ELF

waves through modulation of the polar electrojet [McCarrick et al., 1990;Wong et al., 1996].

ELF wave magnetic fields at the ground were approximately 1 pT. At HAARP ELF waves have

also been produced at frequencies as low as 10 Hz at amplitudes of order 1 pT [Rowland and

McCarrick, 2000].

 

REFERENCES

1. Barr, R., and P. Stubbe, The ’polar electrojet antenna’ as a source of ELF radiation in the

Earth-ionosphere waveguide, J.Atmos. Terr. Phys., 46, 315, 1984.

2. Barr, R., and P. Stubbe, ELF radiation from the Tromsø "super heater" facility, Geophys.

Res. Lett., 18, 1035, 1991.

3. Barr, R., and P. Stubbe, On the ELF generation efficiency of the Tromsø heater facility,

Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1971, 1991.

4. Bell, T.F., High amplitude VLF transmitter signals and associated sidebands observed

near the magnetic equatorial plane on the ISEE 1 satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 2792,

1985.

5. Carpenter, D. L., and T. R. Miller, Ducted magnetospheric propagation of signals from

the Siple, Antarctica, VLF transmitter, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 1976.

6. Carpenter, D. L., A study of the outer limits of ducted whistler propagation in the magnetosphere,

J. Geophys. Res., 86, 839, 1981.

7. Carpenter, D. L., and Z.T.Bao, Occurrence properties of ducted whistler-mode signals

from the new VLF transmitter at Siple Station, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 7051,

1983.

8. Carpenter, D. L., and T. R. Miller, Rare ground-based observations of Siple VLF transmitter

signals outside the plasmapause, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 10227, 1983.

9. Chang, C.-L., ULF generation by electrojet modulation usingground-based HF heaters,

RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1998.

10. Ferraro, A. J., H. S. Lee, R. Allshouse, K. Carroll, A. A. Tomko, F. J. Kelly, and R. G.

Joiner, VLF/ELF radiation from the ionospheric dynamo current system modulated by

powerful HF signals, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 44, 1113, 1982.

11. Garnier, D., J. Pau, and A. Y.Wong, Beam steering optimization of VLF production with

active feedback, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1998.

12. Helliwell, R. A., A theory of discrete emissions from the magnetosphere, J. Geophys.

Res., 72, 4773, 1967.

13. Helliwell, R. A., D. L. Carpenter, and T. R. Miller, Power threshold for growth of coherent

VLF signals in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 85,3360, 1980.

14. Inan, U. S., and T. F. Bell, The plasmapause as a VLF waveguide, J. Geophys. Res., 82,

2819, 1977.

15. James, H. G., R. L. Dowden, M. T. Rietveld, P. Stubbe, and H. Kopka, Simultaneous

observations of ELF waves from an artificially modulated auroral electrojet in space and

on the ground, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1655, 1984.

16. James, H.G., U. S. Inan, and M. T. Rietveld, Observations on the DE-1 spacecraft of

ELF/VLF waves generated by an ionospheric heater, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 12,187, 1990.

17. McCarrick, M. J., D. D. Sentman, A. Y. Wong, R. F. Wuerker, and B. Chouinard, Excitation

of ELF waves in the Schumann resonance range by modulated HF heating of the

polar electrojet, Radio Science, 25, 1291, 1990.

18. Milikh, G. M., K. Papadopoulos, M. McMarrick, and J. Preston, ELF emission generated

by the HAARP HF-heater using varying frequency and polarization, RF Ionospheric

Interactions Workshop, April, 1998.

19. Nunn, D., and A. J. Smith, Numerical simulation of whistler-triggered VLF emissions

observed in Antactica, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 5261, 1996.

20. Omura, Y., D. Nunn, H. Matsumoto, and M. J. Rycroft, A review of observational,

theoretical and nemerical studies of VLF triggered emissions, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 53,

351, 1991.

21. Pau, J., H. R. Zwi, A. Y. Wong, and D. Sentman, Meridian scan of electrojet using

ELF/VLF modulation, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1996.

22. Rietveld, M. T., P. Stubbe, and H. Kopka, On the frequency dependence of ELF/VLF

waves produced by modulated ionospheric heating, Radio Science, 24, 270, 1989.

23. Rowland, H., and M. McCarrick, ELF generation: Theory and experiments, RF Ionospheric

Interactions Workshop, April, 2000.

24. Starks, M., Transhemispheric propagation of VLF transmissions in the presence of ionospheric

heating, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 2000.

25. Stubbe, P., and H. Kopka, Generation of Pc 5 pulsations by polar electrojet modulation:

first experimental evidence, J. Geophys. Res., 1606, 1981.

26. Stubbe, P., H. Kopka, M. T. Rietveld, and R. L. Dowden, ELF and VLF generation by

modulated HF heating of the current carrying lower ionosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys.,

44, 1123, 1982.

27. Stubbe,P., H. Kopka, M. T. Rietveld, A. Frey, P. Høeg, H. Kohl, E. Nielsen, G. Rose, C.

LaHoz, R. Barr, H. Derblom, A. Hedberg, B. Thide,T. B. Jones, T. Robinson, A. Brekke,

T. Hansen, and O. Holt, Ionospheric modification experiments with the Tromsø heating

facility, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 47, 1151, 1985.

28. Willis, J.W., and J. D. Davis, VLF stimulation of geomagnetic micropulsations, J. Geophys.

Res., 81, 1976.

 

 

                Last Updated: July 1, 2001.


http://www-star.stanford.edu/~vlf/pars/pars.htm

Part 1 of 2 ...

POLAR AERONOMY AND RADIO SCIENCE (PARS)
ULF/ELF/VLF PROJECT

U. S. Inan and T. F. Bell

STAR Laboratory, Stanford University

 

 



 

 

Outline

1. INTRODUCTION

2. SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND

    2.1. ELF/VLF Wave-injection experiments

    2.2. ULF/ELF Wave-injection experiments

3. SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS

4. PARS ULF/ELF/VLF CAMPAIGN STRATEGY

    4.1. Basic program of wave injection experiments

    4.2. Extended program of wave injection experiments

A. APPENDIX: REVIEW OF EXISTING SCIENTIFIC DATA

    A.1 Siple Station Experiments

    A.2 Tromsø Experiments

    A.3 Arecibo, HIPAS, and HAARP ELF/VLF Experiments

    A.4 Spacecraft Observation

    A.5 Amplification of ELF/VLF Waves

    A.6 Excitation of ULF and Lower-ELF Waves

REFERENCES

 

 

1. INTRODUCTION

The collection of state-of-the-art (and in some cases unique) geophysical instruments at or

near the HAARP Gakona site, as well as the capability for active ionospheric modification

and ULF/ELF/VLF wave-injection with the HAARP heater, provide an outstanding opportunity

for experiments aimed at studying the mechanisms and effects (both ionospheric and magnetospheric)

of wave-particle interaction processes, in subauroral regions near and immediately

outside the plasmapause. The L-value of Gakona (L=4.89) is within the range of L-shells explored

in an extensive set of coordinated ionospheric and magnetospheric experiments conducted

from Siple Station, Antarctica (L = 4.2). These experiments included a wide range of ELF/VLF

(1.5 to 7 kHz) wave-injection experiments accompanied by a host of passive ionospheric diagnostics,

including optical imaging, photometers, riometers, ULF micropulsations, ionosondes,

and magnetometers, and were conducted during 1970s and 1980s. Active wave-injection and

passive geophysical observations from Siple Station were often coordinated with high and low

altitudes satellites, such as ISIS-1,2, IMP-6, ISEE-1, and DE-1 and DE-2. No such experiments

have been carried out since the closure of Siple Station in 1988 due to logistical difficulties in

maintaining this dedicated Antarctic facility. At present, some coordinated geophysical observations

of the plasmapause/subauroral regions are carried out from the Halley Bay (UK) and to

a more limited degree from the Sanae (South Africa) Stations in the Antarctic.

Resonant interactions between ELF/VLF waves and energetic particles are pervasive throughout

the Earth’s magnetosphere and are believed to play a controlling role in the dynamics of the

inner and outer radiation belts. A primary natural example of waves is the so-called ELF/VLF

chorus, which is well known as the most intense electromagnetic emission in near-earth space,

and which is a driver of electron precipitation, believed to be responsible for pulsating aurora and

the morning side diffuse aurora. The generation mechanism of this intense coherent laser-like

emission is not yet understood, in spite of many years of observations and theoretical analyses.

Chorus occurs primarily on closed field lines, typically outside the plasmasphere, and can thus be

optimally observed from Gakona. It is often associated with burst particle precipitation, leading

to secondary ionization (as may be viewed with riometers and ionosondes), optical emissions

(as may be viewed by photometers and all-sky cameras), x-rays (as may be observed on high

altitude balllons), and micropulsations (ULF receivers), thus requiring coordinated sets of observations.

A primary example of particle phenomena at subauroral latitudes are the relativistic

electron enhancements, which are observed at geosynchronous orbit as well as on low altitude

satellites (e.g., SAMPEX), and which are one of the important aspects of Space Weather. Although

it is well known that these enhancements are associated with the solar wind, and in

fact exhibit strong 27-day periodicity, how they are accelerated to relativistic energies is not yet

known and is under debate. Wave-particle interactions are definitely involved, in ways not yet

understood. Most of the present observations of this phenomena is being carried out on lowand

high-altitude satellites. Ground-based observations of ionospheric effects of the associated

precipitation enhancements can complement spacecraft data by providing continuity in time and

by also documenting the associated wave activity. ELF/VLF chorus and relativistic electron

enhancements are just two examples of subauroral phenomena which lend themselves to coordinated

observation from the ground. Other waves that are prominently observed in subauroral

regions include ion-cyclotron waves in the ULF range.

An exciting component of the PARS ULF/ELF/VLF Project involves active generation of

ULF/ELF/VLF waves by modulated HAARP HF heating. Such waves may well get amplified

and lead to triggering of additional waves (i.e., at frequencies other than that is transmitted) as a

result of interactions with energetic particles. Preliminary estimates indicate that once HAARP

goes to full power it will be able to generate in-situ ELF/VLF wave power densities comparable

to those injected from Siple Station, thus leading to initiation of well documented nonlinear

effects, triggered VLF emissions, and even controlled precipitation of energetic electrons. Other

HF heater facilities around the world (e.g., EISCAT) are located at latitudes generally too high to

launch ULF/ELF/VLF waves on closed field lines. With HAARP, on the other hand, it may well

be possible to observe the so-called whistler-mode two-hop echo, i.e., the ELF/VLF signal which

is generated by modulating the electrojet overhead HAARP, which travels to the geomagnetically

conjugate hemisphere, being amplified along the way and reflecting (specularly) from the sharp

lower boundary of the ionosphere thereof, and travelling back to the hemisphere of origin, thus

being observable there within a few seconds of its generation. At a later stage, it may also be

possible to conduct ship-based observations of amplified and triggered waves in the geomagnetically

conjugate region. At a minimum, a coordinated ULF/ELF/VLF campaign will involve

an excellent set of passive observations of natural waves (e.g., chorus, ULF micropulsations)

and associated ionospheric effects (precipitation, optical signatures etc, while at the same time

quantifying the overhead ionosphere with the collection of outstanding instruments at HAARP.

Better understanding of wave-particle interactions under controlled conditions will allow us to

in turn understand high latitude phenomena which occur under less controlled circumstances,

as well as contributing to the general knowledge base of ELF generation and propagation for

communication purposes.

 

2. SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND

A two-prong review of scientific literature and other background which was recently conducted

provides scientific background that will guide the specific experiments to be conducted as part

of the PARS ULF/ELF/VLF Project.

 

2.1. ELF/VLF Wave-injection experiments

The first goal of the study was to develop of a plan of ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments

to launch ELF/VLF waves on closed field lines. The two main bases for this study are (i) the

results of the ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments carried out with the Siple Station, Antarctica

facility during 1974-1989, and (ii) the results of previousHFheater-induced ELF/VLF generation

experiments, notably the Tromsø/EISCAT experiments. The study was focused on the two

scientific issues of how to maximize the possibility of ducting of ELF/VLF signals between the

two hemispheres by specifying geomagnetic conditions during which the highest L-shell ranges

can be excited, and how to specify the transmitter frequency, modulation scheme (amplitude,

phase, or frequency modulation), and patterns to maximize both excitation and detection of

the waves. More specifically, this study aimed at producing a detailed account of the primary

results of the relevant Siple Station experiments, and a plan of HAARP operations and associated

observations to maximize the chances of detecting ducted two-hop echoes of HAARP-generated

ELF/VLF signals and possible accompanying ionospheric effects, for example due to induced

precipitation of energetic electrons.

Appendix A.1–A.5 Sections provide a summary of primary results of ELF/VLF generation

experiments and the results of ELF/VLFwave injection experiments which have been carried out

either by HF heaters or ground based ELF/VLF transmitters. Also summadrized are spacecraft

observations of ELF/VLF waves injected into the magnetosphere by HF heaters and spacecraft

observations of energetic electrons, amplified electromagnetic VLF waves and triggered VLF

emissions. The primary theme unifying most of these observations is the fact that the phenomena

become more pronouced both during and immediately following periods of moderate to strong

geomagnetic activity, where Kp>3. Under these conditions, the auroral electrojet currents

are generally increased, leading to larger HF-heating-induced conductivity changes and thus

ELF/VLF currents and radiation. At the same time, large fluxes of energetic electrons are

injected into the plasmasphere from the magnetotail, and these fluxes generally amplify the

ELF/VLF waves which propagate through them. Furthermore during the magnetic disturbance

and in the recovery phase immediately after the disturbance the contraction and expansion of the

plasmasphere tends to produce plasma irregularities, some of which can duct ELF/VLF waves

between conjugate hemispheres.

Although ELF/VLF waves may be more pronounced during periods of magnetic disturbance,

the plasmaspheric ducts necessary to guide the HAARP-generated ELF/VLF waves will generally

be located at magnetic latitudes which are much lower than the magnetic latitude of

HAARP. Thus the HAARP generated ELF/VLF waves must travel further in the Earth - ionosphere

waveguide before they enter the ducts, and their amplitude will be reduced because of

additional attenuation and spreading in the waveguide. Thus if we wish to take advantage of the

possible amplification of HAARP generated ELF/VLF waves, then a reasonable compromise

for these conflicting requirements is needed. One compromise is to conduct the ELF/VLF wave

injection experiments during the first few days following moderate to strong magnetic activity.

In this quieting period the plasmasphere will expand towards the HAARP location, while at the

same time the injected energetic electron fluxes within the plasmasphere will remain high, and

significant amplification will remain a possibility. We also propose to establish a baseline for

ELF/VLFwave injection experiments by performing them during magnetically quite times when

the plasmasphere expands over the HAARP site. These experiments will involve ducted propagation

of HAARP generated ELF/VLF waves to the conjugate hemisphere and back . Based on

the above considerations, as well as the material provided in the Appendix, the following recommendations

were formulated for the ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments to be conducted

with the HAARP heater:

1) Carry out nighttime ELF/VLF wave injection experiments using the HAARP HF heater

during magnetically quiet periods, as well as the first few days following moderate to

strong magnetic disturbances.

2) Use a modulation pattern similar to that used at the Tromsø facility during successful

ELF/VLF wave injection experiments. This pattern consists of a repeated series of five or

more one second CW pulses at frequencies between 500 Hz and approximately 6 kHz. The

upper frequency will be set to half of the equatorial electron gyrofrequency on the magnetic

field line tangent to the plasmapause position, as estimated according to the degree of

magnetic disturbance.

3) Point the HF beam toward the electrojet position in order to enhance the production of

ELF/VLF waves.

 

2.2. ULF/ELF Wave-injection experiments

The second goal of the background study was to review the literature and develop a plan for

ULF/ELFwave generation experiments. The main basis for the study are the results of ULF/ELF

experiments at Arecibo, Tromsø, and HAARP.

Appendix A.6 provides a summary of relevant results of previous experiments. Concerning

ULF/ELF wave-injection experiments, it is important to note that the wavelength of electromagnetic

waves in the lower ELF (<100 Hz) and ULF frequency range is too large for these

waves to become trapped in typical whistler mode ducts. However the plasmapause suface can

form a guiding boundary for these waves, as well as for waves of higher frequencies [Inan and

Bell, 1977]. ULF/ELF waves guided along the plasmapause boundary can echo back from the

conjugate hemisphere with time delays of as much as a few minutes. Thus the duty cycle of the

HAARP HF signal needs to be adjusted so that the echoing ULF signal can be detected without

interference from HAARP. One straightforward strategy is to pulse and listen. When the echo is

detected, its time delay is noted and the period of the pulse mode is adjusted to equal the wave

time delay. In this manner the wave amplitude can be increased.

Willis and Davis [1976] appeared to have success in producing ULF/ELF waves in the frequency

range 0.2 to 5Hz by squarewave modulating at ULF/ELF frequencies the power output of

the 1.3MW, 14.7 kHz VLF transmitter at Cutler, Maine. The experiments were most successful

when carried out during the quieting period following magnetic disturbances. The L-shell along

which the ULF/ELF waves appeared to propagate lay in the range 3.9 to 4.8. This upper limit is

close to the L-shell of HAARP. We propose to repeat the Willis and Davis [1976] experiments,

as well as those successfully carried out by McCarrick et al. [1990] using the HIPAS HF heating

facility.

 

3. SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS

A preliminary list of scientific questions have been formulated as a result of the review of

relevant background. It is expected that these questions will be expanded in the course of further

discussion among individual participants to the PARS ELF/ELF/VLF campaigns. The current

list of important scientific questions include those which can be addressed during ULF/ELF/VLF

wave injection experiments at HAARP. Some of these are directly related to the injected waves,

while others are related to natural phenomena. The same instruments will be used to address

both classes of experiments. We list the HAARP related questions first:

1) What are the magnitudes of fluxes of energetic particles precipitated from the radiation

belts by ULF/ELF/VLF waves injected into the magnetosphere by HAARP ?

2) What is the mechanism by which the energetic particles are precipitated ? How efficient is

this mechanism ?

3) How does the precipitated flux vary as a function of magnetic activity ?

4) What is the magnitude of the energetic particle flux precipitated by ELF/VLF chorus ?

5) How is ELF/VLF chorus related to pulsating aurora and the morning side diffuse aurora ?

6) What are the ionospheric effects of relativistic electron precipitation ?

To answer the questions listed above a constellation of ground-based instruments. In addition,

data from the POLAR and CLUSTER-2 spacecraft will be important in determining the radiation

belt fluxes during the wave injection experiments. Funding for analyzing the relevant spacecraft

data will be provided through sources other than HAARP. The PARS ULF/ELF/VLF Project

will involve targeted periods during which observational campaigns will be conducted, with all

relevant instruments putting out a maximum effort for coordinated observations, of either the

waves or their associated ionospheric and magnetospheric effects. The ULF/ELF/VLF team

conducting these active experiments and passive observations will consist of selected scientists

and engineers from the polar aeronomy and radio science community who will be encouraged

to use the HAARP facility in a coordinated and focused manner in order to obtain the maximum

scientific benefit from each usage.

All aspects of the HAARP ULF/ELF/VLF campaigns will be approved and organized by a

Steering Committee. Required instruments will include appropriately placed ULF/ELF/VLF

receiver(s) and other ionospheric sensors, such as riometers, photometers and all-sky cameras,

ionosondes, coherent HF radars, and others yet to be determined. An important goal of the

experiments will be to launch ULF/ELF/VLF waves on closed field lines under geomagnetically

quiet conditions and to detect two-hop reflected echoes of these waves (and any amplified or

triggered components thereof) at appropriately placed sites near and around HAARP. Detection

of HAARP-generated ULF/ELF/VLFwaves in this mannerwould set the stage for an entirely new

set of magnetospheric excitation and probing experiments that can uniquely be conducted with the

HAARP facility. A much broader set of phenomena can be investigated with HAARP compared

to the >1.2 kHz excitation which was practical in Siple Station, Antarctica experiments, since

with HAARP it is possible to excite waves at frequencies below 1 kHz, including waves in the

low-ELF (<300 Hz) range and ULF ion-cyclotron waves at a few Hz.

We propose to address the scientific questions by means of coordinated observations carried

out in three separate campaigns. The campaigns would take place in Fall 2001 and 2002, and

in Spring 2002. Seed research funding to cover incremental costs, such transportation, travel,

food/lodging for each campaign will be provided to participating team members as required.

Team members will be encouraged to obtain funding for data analysis and interpretation from

other agencies, such as NSF. The precise time and duration of each ULF/ELF/VLFwave injection

campaign will be established in consultation with the management team of the HAARP project,

although a preliminary basic campaign strategy is discussed in the next Section.

The specific goal of each campaign will be to answer one or more of the science questions

listed above. Deliverables will consist of the science data sets acquired during the campaigns.

Analysed data sets will be available to the public through the HAARP web page.

 

4. PARS ULF/ELF/VLF CAMPAIGN STRATEGY

A preliminary observational strategy for the ULF/ELF/VLF campaigns is provided below, with

special emphasis on the timing and duration of modulated HAARP transmissions.

 

4.1. Basic program of wave injection experiments

The scientific questions listed above will be addressed in the context of three separate campaigns,

taking place in Fall 2001, Spring 2002, and Fall 2002. To conserve the limited resources of

the HAARP program, the ULF/ELF/VLF campaigns would take place during the same time

as the HAARP campaigns already planned for Fall 2001, Spring 2002. and Fall 2002.The

ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection experiments will primarily be conducted during the first few

days following moderate to strong magnetic activity. In this quieting period the plasmasphere

expands towards the HAARP location, while at the same time energetic electron fluxes injected

into the plasmasphere from the tail of the magnetosphere remain high, enhancing the chances

of significant amplification of the injected waves.

On average there are approximately three quiet days following the typical disturbed day.

During the campaign the wave injection experiments will not in general be undertaken on

disturbed days. Use will be made of the data from the NOAA Space Environment Center

in order to predict at least one day in advance the days expected to be disturbed. HAARP

ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection transmissions will begin on the day following the disturbed day

or days.

Energetic electron data from the POLAR spacecraft show that injected energetic electron

fluxes are most intense within the plasmasphere in the midnight to dawn local time sector.

Consequently it is expected that wave amplification would be more prevalent in this region. In

view of this situation the wave injection experiments will intially be confined to the 0000-0600
local time period.

According to this plan the wave injection experiments would be carried out on approximately

15 days out of the ~21 days of each campaign. The number of hours of dedicated HAARP

operations during each of the 15 days will be determined via negotations with the HAARP

Program management.

Part 4 of 4 ...

REFERENCES
1.
Barr, R., and P. Stubbe, The ’polar electrojet antenna’ as a source of ELF radiation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide, J.Atmos. Terr. Phys., 46, 315, 1984.
2.
Barr, R., and P. Stubbe, ELF radiation from the Tromsø”super heater” facility, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1035, 1991.
3.
Barr, R., and P. Stubbe, On the ELF generation efficiency of the Tromsø heater facility, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1971, 1991.
4.
Bell, T.F., High amplitude VLF transmitter signals and associated sidebands observed near the magnetic equatorial plane on the ISEE 1 satellite, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 2792, 1985.
5.
Carpenter, D. L., and T. R. Miller, Ducted magnetospheric propagation of signals from the Siple, Antarctica, VLF transmitter, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 1976.
6.
Carpenter, D. L., A study of the outer limits of ducted whistler propagation in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 839, 1981.
7.
Carpenter, D. L., and Z.T.Bao, Occurrence properties of ducted whistler-mode signals from the new VLF transmitter at Siple Station, Antarctica, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 7051, 1983.
8.
Carpenter, D. L., and T. R. Miller, Rare ground-based observations of Siple VLF transmitter signals outside the plasmapause, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 10227, 1983.
9.
Chang, C.-L., ULF generation by electrojet modulation usingground-based HF heaters, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1998.
10.
Ferraro, A. J., H. S. Lee, R. Allshouse, K. Carroll, A. A. Tomko, F. J. Kelly, and R. G. Joiner, VLF/ELF radiation from the ionospheric dynamo current system modulated by powerful HF signals, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 44, 1113, 1982.
11.
Garnier, D., J. Pau, and A. Y. Wong, Beam steering optimization of VLF production with active feedback, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1998.
12.
Helliwell, R. A., A theory of discrete emissions from the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 72, 4773, 1967.
13.
Helliwell, R. A., D. L. Carpenter, and T. R. Miller, Power threshold for growth of coherent VLF signals in the magnetosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 85,3360, 1980.
14.
Inan, U. S., and T. F. Bell, The plasmapause as a VLF waveguide, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 2819, 1977.
15.
James, H. G., R. L. Dowden, M. T. Rietveld, P. Stubbe, and H. Kopka, Simultaneous observations of ELF waves from an artificially modulated auroral electrojet in space and on the ground, J. Geophys. Res., 89, 1655, 1984.
12
16.
James, H.G., U. S. Inan, and M. T. Rietveld, Observations on the DE-1 spacecraft of ELF/VLF waves generated by an ionospheric heater, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 12,187, 1990.
17.
McCarrick, M. J., D. D. Sentman, A. Y. Wong, R. F. Wuerker, and B. Chouinard, Excitation of ELF waves in the Schumann resonance range by modulated HF heating of the polar electrojet, Radio Science, 25, 1291, 1990.
18.
Milikh, G. M., K. Papadopoulos, M. McMarrick, and J. Preston, ELF emission generated by the HAARP HF-heater using varying frequency and polarization, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1998.
19.
Nunn, D., and A. J. Smith, Numerical simulation of whistler-triggered VLF emissions observed in Antactica, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 5261, 1996.
20.
Omura, Y., D. Nunn, H. Matsumoto, and M. J. Rycroft, A review of observational, theoretical and nemerical studies of VLF triggered emissions, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 53, 351, 1991.
21.
Pau, J., H. R. Zwi, A. Y. Wong, and D. Sentman, Meridian scan of electrojet using ELF/VLF modulation, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 1996.
22.
Rietveld, M. T., P. Stubbe, and H. Kopka, On the frequency dependence of ELF/VLF waves produced by modulated ionospheric heating, Radio Science, 24, 270, 1989.
23.
Rowland, H., and M. McCarrick, ELF generation: Theory and experiments, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 2000.
24.
Starks, M., Transhemispheric propagation of VLF transmissions in the presence of ionospheric heating, RF Ionospheric Interactions Workshop, April, 2000.
25.
Stubbe, P., and H. Kopka, Generation of Pc 5 pulsations by polar electrojet modulation: first experimental evidence, J. Geophys. Res., 1606, 1981.
26.
Stubbe, P., H. Kopka, M. T. Rietveld, and R. L. Dowden, ELF and VLF generation by modulated HF heating of the current carrying lower ionosphere, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 44, 1123, 1982.
27.
Stubbe,P., H. Kopka, M. T. Rietveld, A. Frey, P. Høeg, H. Kohl, E. Nielsen, G. Rose, C. LaHoz, R. Barr, H. Derblom, A. Hedberg, B. Thide,T. B. Jones, T. Robinson, A. Brekke,
T. Hansen, and O. Holt, Ionospheric modification experiments with the Tromsø heating facility, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 47, 1151, 1985.
28. Willis, J. W., and J. D. Davis, VLF stimulation of geomagnetic micropulsations, J. Geophys. Res., 81, 1976.
Attachment D
ELF/VLF Wave-Injection via Modulated HF Heating of the Ionosphere
Umran S. Inan
Space, Telecommunications and Radioscience Laboratory
Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
http://www-star.stanford.edu/~vlf/
1
VLF Wave-injection Experiments
°
NSF-funded Stanford experiment (1973-88)
°
VLF waves (~2-6 kHz) injected from Siple Station, Antarctica
°
150 kW transmitter
°
Tuned with large capacitors and coils
°
VLF receiver at Roberval, Quebec
°
Controlled studies of cyclotron resonant wave-particle interactions
°
Uncovered many aspects
of wave growth and emission triggering 2
Injected VLF Signals are Amplified
and Trigger Intense Emissions
3
4
Threshold for Growth/Triggering
° Siple transmitter signals often amplified by 10 to 30 dB and new emissions are triggered for input B
w>Bth
° Minimum radiated power for growth and triggering was measured to be ~1 Watt [Helliwell et al., 1980]
Chirped Modulation Leads to
More Rapid Growth
5
Coherent Growth & Triggering
6
7
ELF/VLF Wave-Injection
Experiments with HAARP
HAARP March 2002 Campaign
° Specially designed ELF/VLF formats were
transmitted for 10 hrs/night for ~2 weeks
8
9
Whistlers and Triggered
Emissions at Chistochina
10
HAARP ELF/VLF Signals
HAARP Signals at Chistochina
11
and at Crosswind Lake
12
HAARP VLF & Natural Signals
13
Whistlers and HAARP Signals
14
Beam at 30o South
15
HAARP at Chistochina
16
Very Strong HAARP VLF Signals
17
Whistler Echo Train
18
HAARP VLF & Natural Emissions
19
Daily Variation of HAARP VLF
20
Vertical Orientation 04: to 05: UT
21
Beam Swinging 07: to 08: UT
22
More Beam Swinging
23
HAARP 2125 Hz Signal at
Chistochina & Crosswind Lake
24
2125 Hz at Chistochina
25
N-S at Chistochina
26
Summary
°
ELF/VLF signal intensities at similar distances on the ground were found to be typically fractions to a few pT (rarely up to 10 pT) in Tromso/EISCAT experiments [e.g., Barr et al., 1985]
°
Intensities ~2 kHz HAARP signals range from a typical value of ~0.3 pT to 20 pT for 2 to 4 kHz frequencies Simple analysis (assuming a line current at ~80 km, and lateral diameter of ~40 km) indicates that:
° Radiated power = 0.2 (Bf)2 for <3 kHz (near-field)
w
° Radiated power = 6 B2 for >3 kHz (far-field)
w
°
It thus appears that VLF power radiated via modulated HF transmissions with the present HAARP facility may typically be <1 Watts but may sometimes be as high as a few hundred Watts
°
Proposed completion of HAARP to full capability can provide for 10-20 dB higher signal levels
° Threshold for growth & triggering may be regularly exceeded
27
Power Threshold for Growth
°
Multiple ducts excited at full power
°
Ducts drop out with reduced power, until there is only one
°
Minimum radiated power is ~1 Watt
°
HAARP occasionally exceeds this threshold
°
Two-hop echo can be observed, if ducts are available
28
29
Siple Experiments
°
Amplified signals and triggered emissions were observed for many hours per day
°
Two-hop echoes were observed 20 to 30% of the time when one-hop was observed
° Wide range of L-shells were excited

http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/archivos_pdf/probing_with_HAARP.pdf

Part 3 of 4 ...

An exciting component of the PARS ULF/ELF/VLF Project involves active generation of ULF/ELF/VLF waves by modulated HAARP HF heating. Such waves may well get amplified and lead to triggering of additional waves (i.e., at frequencies other than that is transmitted) as a result of interactions with energetic particles. Preliminary estimates indicate that once HAARP goes to full power it will be able to generate in-situ ELF/VLF wave power densities comparable to those injected from Siple Station, thus leading to initiation of well documented nonlinear effects, triggered VLF emissions, and even controlled precipitation of energetic electrons. Other HF heater facilities around the world (e.g., EISCAT) are located at latitudes generally too high to launch ULF/ELF/VLF waves on closed field lines. With HAARP, on the other hand, it may well be possible to observe the so-called whistler-mode two-hop echo, i.e., the ELF/VLF signal which is generated by modulating the electrojet overhead HAARP, which travels to the geomagnetically conjugate hemisphere, being amplified along the way and reflecting (specularly) from the sharp lower boundary of the ionosphere thereof, and travelling back to the hemisphere of origin, thus being observable there within a few seconds of its generation. At a later stage, it may also be possible to conduct ship-based observations of amplified and triggered waves in the geomagnetically conjugate region. At a minimum, a coordinated ULF/ELF/VLF campaign will involve an excellent set of passive observations of natural waves (e.g., chorus, ULF micropulsations) and associated ionospheric effects (precipitation, optical signatures etc, while at the same time quantifying the overhead ionosphere with the collection of outstanding instruments at HAARP. Better understanding of wave-particle interactions under controlled conditions will allow us to in turn understand high latitude phenomena which occur under less controlled circumstances, as well as contributing to the general knowledge base of ELF generation and propagation for communication purposes.
3
2. SCIENTIFIC BACKGROUND
A two-prong review of scientific literature and other background which was recently conducted provides scientific background that will guide the specific experiments to be conducted as part of the PARS ULF/ELF/VLF Project.
2.1. ELF/VLF Wave-injection experiments
The first goal of the study was to develop of a plan of ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments to launch ELF/VLF waves on closed field lines. The two main bases for this study are (i) the results of the ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments carried out with the Siple Station, Antarctica facility during 1974-1989, and (ii) the results of previous HF heater-induced ELF/VLF generation experiments, notably the Tromsø/EISCAT experiments. The study was focused on the two scientific issues of how to maximize the possibility of ducting of ELF/VLF signals between the two hemispheres by specifying geomagnetic conditions during which the highest L-shell ranges can be excited, and how to specify the transmitter frequency, modulation scheme (amplitude, phase, or frequency modulation), and patterns to maximize both excitation and detection of the waves. More specifically, this study aimed at producing a detailed account of the primary results of the relevant Siple Station experiments, and a plan of HAARP operations and associated observations to maximize the chances of detecting ducted two-hop echoes of HAARP-generated ELF/VLF signals and possible accompanying ionospheric effects, for example due to induced precipitation of energetic electrons.
Appendix A.1–A.5 Sections provide a summary of primary results of ELF/VLF generation experiments and the results of ELF/VLF wave injection experiments which have been carried out either by HF heaters or ground based ELF/VLF transmitters. Also summadrized are spacecraft observations of ELF/VLF waves injected into the magnetosphere by HF heaters and spacecraft observations of energetic electrons, amplified electromagnetic VLF waves and triggered VLF emissions. The primary theme unifying most of these observations is the fact that the phenomena become more pronouced both during and immediately following periods of moderate to strong geomagnetic activity, where Kp>3. Under these conditions, the auroral electrojet currents are generally increased, leading to larger HF-heating-induced conductivity changes and thus ELF/VLF currents and radiation. At the same time, large fluxes of energetic electrons are injected into the plasmasphere from the magnetotail, and these fluxes generally amplify the ELF/VLF waves which propagate through them. Furthermore during the magnetic disturbance and in the recovery phase immediately after the disturbance the contraction and expansion of the plasmasphere tends to produce plasma irregularities, some of which can duct ELF/VLF waves between conjugate hemispheres.
Although ELF/VLF waves may be more pronounced during periods of magnetic disturbance, the plasmaspheric ducts necessary to guide the HAARP-generated ELF/VLF waves will generally be located at magnetic latitudes which are much lower than the magnetic latitude of HAARP. Thus the HAARP generated ELF/VLF waves must travel further in the Earth -ionosphere waveguide before they enter the ducts, and their amplitude will be reduced because of additional attenuation and spreading in the waveguide. Thus if we wish to take advantage of the
4
possible amplification of HAARP generated ELF/VLF waves, then a reasonable compromise for these conflicting requirements is needed. One compromise is to conduct the ELF/VLF wave injection experiments during the first few days following moderate to strong magnetic activity. In this quieting period the plasmasphere will expand towards the HAARP location, while at the same time the injected energetic electron fluxes within the plasmasphere will remain high, and significant amplification will remain a possibility. We also propose to establish a baseline for ELF/VLF wave injection experiments by performing them during magnetically quite times when the plasmasphere expands over the HAARP site. These experiments will involve ducted propagation of HAARP generated ELF/VLF waves to the conjugate hemisphere and back . Based on the above considerations, as well as the material provided in the Appendix, the following recommendations were formulated for the ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments to be conducted with the HAARP heater:
1) Carry out nighttime ELF/VLF wave injection experiments using the HAARP HF heater during magnetically quiet periods, as well as the first few days following moderate to strong magnetic disturbances.
2) Use a modulation pattern similar to that used at the Tromsø facility during successful ELF/VLF wave injection experiments. This pattern consists of a repeated series of five or more one second CW pulses at frequencies between 500 Hz and approximately 6 kHz. The upper frequency will be set to half of the equatorial electron gyrofrequency on the magnetic field line tangent to the plasmapause position, as estimated according to the degree of magnetic disturbance.
3) Point the HF beam toward the electrojet position in order to enhance the production of ELF/VLF waves.
2.2. ULF/ELF Wave-injection experiments
The second goal of the background study was to review the literature and develop a plan for ULF/ELF wave generation experiments. The main basis for the study are the results of ULF/ELF experiments at Arecibo, Tromsø, and HAARP.
Appendix A.6 provides a summary of relevant results of previous experiments. Concerning ULF/ELF wave-injection experiments, it is important to note that the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the lower ELF (<100 Hz) and ULF frequency range is too large for these waves to become trapped in typical whistler mode ducts. However the plasmapause suface can form a guiding boundary for these waves, as well as for waves of higher frequencies [Inan and Bell, 1977]. ULF/ELF waves guided along the plasmapause boundary can echo back from the conjugate hemisphere with time delays of as much as a few minutes. Thus the duty cycle of the HAARP HF signal needs to be adjusted so that the echoing ULF signal can be detected without interference from HAARP. One straightforward strategy is to pulse and listen. When the echo is detected, its time delay is noted and the period of the pulse mode is adjusted to equal the wave time delay. In this manner the wave amplitude can be increased.
Willis and Davis [1976] appeared to have success in producing ULF/ELF waves in the frequency range 0.2 to 5 Hz by square wave modulating at ULF/ELF frequencies the power output of
5
the 1.3 MW, 14.7 kHz VLF transmitter at Cutler, Maine. The experiments were most successful when carried out during the quieting period following magnetic disturbances. The L-shell along which the ULF/ELF waves appeared to propagate lay in the range 3.9 to 4.8. This upper limit is close to the L-shell of HAARP. We propose to repeat the Willis and Davis [1976] experiments, as well as those successfully carried out by McCarrick et al. [1990] using the HIPAS HF heating facility.
3. SCIENTIFIC QUESTIONS
A preliminary list of scientific questions have been formulated as a result of the review of relevant background. It is expected that these questions will be expanded in the course of further discussion among individual participants to the PARS ELF/ELF/VLF campaigns. The current list of important scientific questions include those which can be addressed during ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection experiments at HAARP. Some of these are directly related to the injected waves, while others are related to natural phenomena. The same instruments will be used to address both classes of experiments. We list the HAARP related questions first:
1) What are the magnitudes of fluxes of energetic particles precipitated from the radiation belts by ULF/ELF/VLF waves injected into the magnetosphere by HAARP ?
2) What is the mechanism by which the energetic particles are precipitated ? How efficient is this mechanism ?
3) How does the precipitated flux vary as a function of magnetic activity ?
4) What is the magnitude of the energetic particle flux precipitated by ELF/VLF chorus ?
5) How is ELF/VLF chorus related to pulsating aurora and the morning side diffuse aurora ?
6) What are the ionospheric effects of relativistic electron precipitation ?
To answer the questions listed above a constellation of ground-based instruments. In addition, data from the POLAR and CLUSTER-2 spacecraft will be important in determining the radiation belt fluxes during the wave injection experiments. Funding for analyzing the relevant spacecraft data will be provided through sources other than HAARP. The PARS ULF/ELF/VLF Project will involve targeted periods during which observational campaigns will be conducted, with all relevant instruments putting out a maximum effort for coordinated observations, of either the waves or their associated ionospheric and magnetospheric effects. The ULF/ELF/VLF team conducting these active experiments and passive observations will consist of selected scientists and engineers from the polar aeronomy and radio science community who will be encouraged to use the HAARP facility in a coordinated and focused manner in order to obtain the maximum scientific benefit from each usage.
All aspects of the HAARP ULF/ELF/VLF campaigns will be approved and organized by a Steering Committee. Required instruments will include appropriately placed ULF/ELF/VLF receiver(s) and other ionospheric sensors, such as riometers, photometers and all-sky cameras, ionosondes, coherent HF radars, and others yet to be determined. An important goal of the experiments will be to launch ULF/ELF/VLF waves on closed field lines under geomagnetically
6
quiet conditions and to detect two-hop reflected echoes of these waves (and any amplified or triggered components thereof) at appropriately placed sites near and around HAARP. Detection of HAARP-generated ULF/ELF/VLF waves in this manner would set the stage for an entirely new set of magnetospheric excitation and probing experiments that can uniquely be conducted with the HAARP facility. A much broader set of phenomena can be investigated with HAARP compared to the >1.2 kHz excitation which was practical in Siple Station, Antarctica experiments, since with HAARP it is possible to excite waves at frequencies below 1 kHz, including waves in the low-ELF (<300 Hz) range and ULF ion-cyclotron waves at a few Hz.
We propose to address the scientific questions by means of coordinated observations carried out in three separate four week campaigns. The campaigns would take place in Fall 2001 and 2002, and in Spring 2002. Seed research funding to cover incremental costs, such transportation, travel, food/lodging for each campaign will be provided to participating team members as required. Team members will be encouraged to obtain funding for data analysis and interpretation from other agencies, such as NSF. The precise time and duration of each ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection campaign will be established in consultation with the management team of the HAARP project.
The specific goal of each campaign will be to answer one or more of the science questions listed above. Deliverables will consist of the science data sets acquired during the campaigns. Analysed data sets will be available to the public through the HAARP web page.
7
A. APPENDIX: REVIEW OF EXISTING SCIENTIFIC DATA
Below we discuss the salient points of our review of the relevant data concerning ULF/ELF/VLF generation by HF heaters, ULF/ELF/VLF wave injection into the magnetosphere, and spacecraft observations of ULF/ELF/VLF waves and energetic electrons.
A.1 Siple Station Experiments
Stanford University has had many years of experience with ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments carried out with the Siple Station, Antarctica facility during 1974-1989. In these experiments, 1.2 to 7 kHz waves were launched on field lines ranging from L =5 to L =3, with ducting, amplification, and emission triggering occurring in many cases. In 1973 and 1974 ducted signals were observed on approximately 20% of the total number of days, and on these days ducting occurred over intervals of 4 to 8 hours [Carpenter and Miller, 1976, 1983; Carpenter, 1981; Carpenter and Bao, 1983]. Ducted signal propagation occurred most frequently during the quieting periods following magnetic disturbances. The experiments were conducted for a wide range of transmitter radiated power levels, and geomagnetic conditions. The minimum radiated power for wave growth and emission triggering was approximately1W[Helliwell et al., 1980]. Experience with Siple indicates that the selection of geomagnetic conditions and transmitter frequency and modulation are critically important to the success of ELF/VLF wave injection experiments.
Although the Siple transmitter signals were not observed to be ducted for L> 5, this is thought to be due to a poor signal to noise ratio for these signals, since they lose power as a result of wave spreading loss and attenuation in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide as they propagate from the transmitter location at L =4.2 to ducts at L> 5. In fact lightning generated whistlers, which in general have much higher amplitudes than the typical signals from Siple, have been observed to propagate in the ducted mode on L shells as high as L =8 [Carpenter, 1981]. Thus there is good reason to expect that whistler mode ducts will be present in the vicinity of HAARP.
A.2 Tromsø Experiments
Electromagnetic waves in the 200 Hz to 6.5 kHz frequency range have been generated by the Max Planck Institute’s HF heating facility near Tromsø, Norway, through modulation of the overhead auroral electrojet currents. The Tromsø experimental data, as well as theoretical models interpreting the data, have been published in a long series of papers spanning more than a decade [e.g., Stubbe and Kopka, 1977; Stubbe et al., 1981, 1982; Barr and Stubbe, 1984a, 1984b; 1991a, 1991b; Rietveld et al., 1987, 1989; James, 1985 ]. Below we list the most important features of these experiments.
1) The Tromsø HF ionospheric heating facility successfully produced electromagnetic waves in the 200 Hz to 6.5 kHz frequency range with an amplitude of approximately 1 pT as measured on the ground. The ELF/VLF wave amplitude was roughly constant between 2–6 kHz, but dropped by 3 dB at the lower end of the frequency range.
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2) The HF heater frequency generally lay within the three frequency bands: 2.75 -4 MHz, 3.85 -5.6 MHz, and 5.5 -8 MHz, and the HF signal was generally 100% amplitude modulated with a square wave.
3) The HF radiated power was approximately 1 MW, and the effective radiated power (ERP) generally lay in the range of 200 to 300 MW.
4) It was generally found that X-mode polarization of the HF signal resulted in a more intense radiated ELF/VLF signal than O-mode polarization.
5) The ELF/VLF signal strength was highly correlated with magnetic activity, and significantly more intense ELF/VLF waves were produced during periods of moderate geomagnetic disturbance with Kp∼ 3.
6) The amplitude of the ELF waves was essentially independent of the ERP of the HF signal, but depended only on the total HF power delivered to the ionosphere.
7) The ratio of heating to cooling time constants ranged from  1 at 510 Hz to  0.3 at 6 kHz.
The Tromsø facility was also used to excite ULF waves in the 1.67 -700 mHz frequency range [Stubbe and Kopka, 1981; Stubbe et al., 1985; Maul et al., 1990. A variety of HF modulation schemes were attempted. The amplitude of the excited ULF waves were of the order of 100 -10,000 pT.
A.3 Arecibo, HIPAS, and HAARP ELF/VLF Experiments
The high power HF ionospheric heating facilities at the Arecibo, HIPAS, and HAARP Observatories have been used in a number of campaigns to modulate ionospheric current systemsw at ELF/VLF frequencies in order to produce ELF/VLF waves. At Arecibo, the equatorial dynamo current was modulated and ELF/VLF waves were produced over the frequency range of 500 Hz to 5 kHz using a heater frequency of approximately 3 MHz and a total HF input power of 800 kW, with an ERP of 160 -320 MW [Ferraro et al., 1982]. There was also evidence that the HF heater sometimes created ducts along which VLF signals could propagate into the conjugate ionosphere [ it M. Starks, 2000].
At HIPAS, the HF heater was used to create ELF/VLF waves through three different modulation techniques, amplitude modulation, phase modulation, and beat-frequency modulation [Wong et al.,1995]. Amplitude modulation appeared to be generally the most efficient. The generation of ELF/VLF waves at HIPAS was most successful when the electrojet was overhead, when there was low D region absorption, and when energetic particle precipitation and visible aurora were not overhead [Wong et al.,1996]. Enhancement of the ELF/VLF wave amplitude could sometimes be achieved by pointing the HF beam in a direction other than vertical, leading to the conclusion that ELF/VLF wave production is optimized when the HF beam has is pointed toward the electrojet position [Garnier et al., 1998].
ELF wave generation at HAARP has been carried out using varying frequency and polarization [Milikh et al., 1998]. Results implied that the polarization of the generated ELF wave can
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be controlled by changing the frequency or polarization of the heating HF waves. The efficiency of ELF wave generation at HAARP has also been studied as a function of HF frequency and polarization and ELF frequency and waveform [Rowland and McCarrick, 2000]. Results indicated that the largest ELF signal was produced when the HF frequency was 3.3 MHz in x-mode with 100% square wave modulation and the ELF frequency was approximately 1 kHz.
A.4 Spacecraft Observations
The efficacy of the use of a modulated HF heater to inject ELF/VLF waves into the magetosphere has been demonstrated using four spacecraft: DE-1, ISIS-1, Aureol-3, and EXOS-D [James et al., 1984,1990; Berthelier et al.,1983; Wong et al.,1995]. Waves in the frequency range 525 Hz -5.85 kHz produced by the Tromsø heating facility were observed during passes of these spacecraft near the heater. The HF frequencies used during these observations were 2.759 and 4.04 MHz. The HF carrier waves were square wave modulated, either at a series of four frequencies (0.525,1.725, 2.925, and 4. kHz) or five frequencies (0.525, 1.525, 2.225, 2.925, 4.425, and 5.925). In all cases the pulse length at each frequency was one second. The total HF power was 1.08 MW, and the polarization was periodically switched between x-mode and o-mode. In general the x-mode polarization produced the most intense ELF/VLF signals at the spacecraft location. Harmonics of the ELF/VLF modulating signals were also observed, as would be expected for square wave modulation.
During the ISIS observations it was found that amplitude of the ELF/VLF signals at the spacecraft were approximately 10 dB stronger than the amplitude of the ELF/VLF signals measured on the ground near the HF facility. The highest amplitude ELF/VLF signals observed by the spacecraft were those at 525 Hz and 1.75 kHz. From the DE-1 data the power output from the modulated electrojet was estimated to be approximately 30 W.
A.5 Amplification of ELF/VLF Waves
Within the plasmasphere, discrete VLF emissions are commonly triggered by externally injected discrete whistler mode waves such as lightning generated whistlers and fixed frequency signals from ground based VLF transmitters, with peak emission intensities reaching values as large as 16 pT [Bell, 1985 ]. During this process the input waves can be amplified by 30 dB or more. It is commonly believed that the amplification of the input waves and the triggering of emissions takes place near the magnetic equator through a gyroresonance interaction between ∼ 1-20 keV energetic electrons and the triggering wave in which the particle pitch angles are altered and free energy is transferred from the particles to the waves [Helliwell, 1967; Matsumoto and Kimura, 1971; Omura, et al., 1991; Nunn and Smith 1996 ]. Understanding the physical mechanism of the emission process is important since these interactions can directly affect the lifetimes of the resonant electrons.
Recently, simultaneous ELF/VLF plasma wave data and 0.1 -20 keV energetic electron data have been acquired with the PWI and HYDRA instruments on the POLAR spacecraft during periods when VLF emissions were triggered by VLF transmitter signals [Bell et al., 2000]. It was found that in all cases the pitch angle distribution of the resonant electrons is highly anisotropic,
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with the average electron energy transverse to Earth’s magnetic field exceeding that parallel by a large factor. According to theory, this type of electron distribution can greatly amplify ELF/VLF waves which propagate through it, and this undoubtedly is the cause of the observed amplification and emission triggering [Bell et al., 2000]. It was also found that amplification of 20 dB or more appeared to require a minimum perpendicular energy flux at 20 keV at the
magnetic equator of ∼ 6 × 106(cm2 − s − sr)−1. This flux level was observed to occur under conditions of moderate to strong magnetic activity when Kp > 3 , and it was equaled on only 3 equatorial dawn passes in January, 1997, and emissions were observed on 2 of these 3. However, amplification without emission triggering appeared to commonly occur at lower flux levels.
A.6 Excitation of ULF and Lower-ELF Waves
No wave-injection experiments were carried out in the lower ELF and ULF range using the Siple Station, Antarctica, transmitter, since the Siple transmitter was not usable at frequencies below about 1.2 kHz. However, there have been other attempts at generating ULF waves. For example, the U. S. Navy VLF transmitter at Cutler, Maine, was square wave modulated at frequencies of 0.2, 1, and 5 Hz over the course of one month [Willis and Davis, 1976]. Micropulsations occurred on a number of occasions at harmonics of the transmitter modulation frequency. These events all occurred in the quieting period following geomagnetically active days. In addition, as mentioned above, The Tromsø facility has been used to excite ULF waves in the Pc 5 frequency range [Stubbe and Kopka, 1981.
There is some evidence that ULF waves can be excited more efficiently by heating the E or F regions rather than the D region. For example, according to the model of C. L. Chang [1996], the plasma density changes in the E or F regions produced by the heater can engender larger conductivity changes than can be produced in the D region through collision frequency variations. At higher frequencies, 6 -76 Hz, the HIPAS HF heater has been used to generate ELF waves through modulation of the polar electrojet [McCarrick et al., 1990;Wong et al., 1996]. ELF wave magnetic fields at the ground were approximately 1 pT. At HAARP ELF waves have also been produced at frequencies as low as 10 Hz at amplitudes of order 1 pT [Rowland and McCarrick, 2000].

Part 2 of 3 ...

Roberval, Quebec 26 July 1977 1137:00 UT
Interaction
3
region
2
1
Amplified/triggered waves
0 0 10 20 Time (sec)
Siple Station, Antarctica 26 July 1977 1137:30 UT
3
2
1 VLF Wave-injection from 0
Siple Station, Antarctica
0 10 Roberval
Roberval, Quebec 26 July 1977 1137:30 UT 3
2
1 Siple
0 0 10 20 Time (sec)
Fig. 2. Observations of amplified two-hop signals and triggered emissions. The transmitted pulses are 2-s long, during which time the VLF receiver at Siple Station is muted (hence the black background). The transmitter is then turned OFF for 8-seconds, during which time the two-hop echo, which is amplified and is accompanied by new emissions which are triggered, is observed. Note that the one-hop signal is observed at Roberval, Quebec, as well as the three-hop signal. There is also clear evidence of the four-hop signal in the Siple records. The procedure is repeated, with the character of the two-hop echo changing somewhat as a function of time.
the present HAARP facility allows for average ELF/VLF signal intensities which are a factor of ∼5 below the threshold of nonlinear magnetospheric amplification. Observation of two-hop whistler-mode echoes are thus expected to occur under highly specialized conditions. Such relatively rare observations can nevertheless allow us to probe the magnetosphere and determine the means by which HAARP-induced ELF/VLF signals couple to high altitudes. In view of the recognition that observations of two-hop echoes would be relatively rare, we propose a continuous program of observations involving HAARP transmissions on at least ∼100 days each year for 8 to 10 hours/night. If the HAARP facility were to be upgraded to its full power and full array capacity over the next few years, we can expect to regularly trigger amplification and wave growth, allowing in depth experimentation with transmission formats and full exploration of the conditions under which amplification can be achieved.
Figure 2 shows the type of data that we ideally seek to acquire in the context of the proposed program. It has been found that such well defined two-hop echoes and triggered emissions only
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occur if the amplitude of the injected ELF/VLF signals is above the threshold of nonlinear amplification. These types of highly defined interactions may occur quite rarely with the presently available HAARP power levels (∼1 MW and existing array) so that an in depth study may only be possible with the use of full-up HAARP (3.6 MW and complete array). Nevertheless, we expect to use the type of methodology shown in Figure 2 to identify two-hop echoes in ELF/VLF data, and design ELF/VLF transmission formats that would maximize likelihood of growth and identification of two-hop echoes.
The proposed set of ELF/VLF observations at distributed sites in the northern hemisphere are aimed at the measurement of the two-hop whistler-mode echo of HAARP-injected ELF/VLF signals. The scientific investigations proposed to be undertaken here could be very usefully complemented via associated measurements in the geomagnetic conjugate region in the southern hemisphere, as shown in Figure 3. However, the particular location of the conjugate region in the southern Pacific ocean makes such measurements quite difficult, requiring a semi-permanent platform, such as a buoy. Accordingly, an important component of the proposed program is to carry out ELF/VLF measurements on such a buoy deployed in the conjugate region shown. While some of the program objectives can be addressed with measurements in Alaska of the two-hop signals, the likelihood of observing the one-hop signal is much higher (by about a factor of ten) based on Siple experiments, so that the buoy-based measurements are required for realization of all of the program objectives.
A description of the proposed research program is provided in Section 2, followed by a Statement of Work describing specific Tasks to be performed which is given in Section 3.
2. PROPOSED RESEARCH
The proposed program is an outgrowth of an initial set of observations that were conducted during 2001 and 2002 in the context of the Polar Aeronomy and Radio Science (PARS) ULF/ELF/VLF Project, involving ELF/VLF measurements at two sites within <50 km of HAARP and another site (Valdez, see Figure 3) at a distance of ∼150 km from HAARP The scientific justification and background for the proposed program ELF/VLF Wave-injection and Magnetospheric Probing with HAARP is detailed in a report prepared by Stanford for the PARS project, which is provided as Attachment A.
The PARS ELF/VLF wave-injection project involved the conduct of three campaigns, during Fall 2001, Spring 2002 and Fall 2002. The first two of these campaigns only involved ELF/VLF measurements at one or two sites within <50 km of HAARP, while the third one conducted in October/November 2002 and involved ELF/VLF measurements at three additional (unmanned) sites at distances of ∼70 km from HAARP and yet another site (Valdez) at a distance of ∼150 km.
Preliminary results of observations from the first two PARS ELF/VLF campaigns are briefly discussed in the next subsection (Section 2-A) and provide the context upon which we expect to build the proposed program. A detailed description of these results were given in a paper presented at the recent URSI General Assembly; a copy of the talk presented at this meeting
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L = 7 L = 6 L= 5 L = 4 New Zealand Antarctic Coast Akhiok Port Graham HAARPCrosswind Chistochina Juneau L = 3 L = 3 L = 7 L = 6 L= 5 L = 4 Akhiok Port Graham JuneauHAARP Ketchikan Ketchikan Cold Bay Cold Bay I1 I2 I3 Valdez Yakutat Yakutat Valdez
Precipitating Reflected electrons
Heated
region Injected waves Amplified and/or triggeredwaves Interaction region Energetic electrons Pitch angle scattered electrons Reflected waves waves
Fig. 3. Geomagnetic conjugate region of HAARP. The proposed program of HAARP ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments with measurements in the northern hemisphere should ideally be complemented with similar measurements (at at or two sites) in the geomagnetic conjugate region. However, conducting such measurements over meaningful periods of time (many days to weeks) requires the use of a semi-permanent platform such a buoy. Each point in the northern hemisphere is mapped along the Earth’s magneticfield lines (using an accurate IGRF model of the field) to the conjugate hemisphere. The circles centered around HAARP with radii incremented by 100-km are also mapped in the same way. Although New Zealand lies at a distance of >1000 km from the HAARP conjugate region, there are several (uninhabited) islands (marked I1, I2, and I3) that are closer.
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by Professor Inan is provided as Attachment D. Analysis of the data from the third campaign (November 2002) is currently in progress. The rationale for the two-hop component of the proposed program, involving observations at a spatially distributed set of sites in Alaska extending to lower L-shells (up to L
3.5) is described in Section 2-B, together with a description of proposed measurements of electron precipitation effects that may be produced by HAARP-induced ELF/VLF signals and opportunities for phase coherent measurements of natural ELF/VLF signals and triggered emissions.
A. Preliminary Results from Initial HAARP ELF/VLF Wave-injection Campaigns
Figure 4 shows examples of ELF/VLF data collected at Chistochina and Crosswind Lake during HAARP ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments conducted in Spring 2002. For this purpose, electromagnetically quiet sites were identified at locations many miles away from power lines (which produce‘hum’in the ELF/VLF frequency range) and two large (∼5-m square) orthogonal loop antennas were erected, aligned in the geomagnetic North-South and East-West directions. The output of matched preamplifiers were fed to a line receiver located at a distance of ∼2000-ft, the outputs from which were then digitized with 100-kHz sampling and 16-bit resolution and recorded continuously for may hours per night. The HAARP HF heater was modulated with specially designed formats, including stair-cases in frequency, descending and ascending frequency-time ramps, and chirped signals that are known (based on Siple experiments) to often maximize wave growth. The continuous wideband recording of the data allows maximum spectral and temporal resolution, as is evident from the spectrograms shown. HAARP-induced ELF/VLF was observed nearly 40% of the time at both sites, often quite similar between the two sites (due to their proximity) but sometimes exhibiting interesting differences between sites and also often between N-S and E-W recordings at the same site. No evidence for magnetospheric transmission or a two-hop echo was observed during ∼12 days of nightly (10 hours per night) transmissions in March 2002.
The primary conclusions derived from these preliminary measurements at Chistochina and Crosswind Lake is that HAARP routinely and robustly produces well defined ELF/VLF signals. It was also evident that the two sites are too close to one another, and basically see the same activity most of the time. For the upcoming campaign in Fall 2002, we plan to conduct measurements at Chistochina and at Valdez, the latter being at a distance of 150 km from HAARP. These two sites provides a larger baseline, which may improve the chances of observing the two-hop echo. Nevertheless, the Valdez site is still at a relatively high L-shell, most likely outside the plasmapause, the sharp gradients of which may help guide the whistler-mode signal (and thus the two-hop echo) between hemispheres. The proposed program of observations at a distributed set of sites extending to L-shells which straddle the plasmapause boundary and extend to within the plasmasphere will truly maximize the chances of observation of magnetospheric signatures of HAARP-induced ELF/VLF signals.
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Fig. 4. HAARP-induced ELF/VLF signals observed at Chistochina and Crosswind Lake.
The transmissions were designed so as to allow the detection of the two-hop whistler-mode echo, expected to arrive with a time delay of a few seconds. The descending and ascending frequency-time ramps were used to explore the possibility of frequency selective magnetospheric transmission or amplification. At both sites, data was collected with two orthogonal loop antennas, oriented in the geomagnetic East-West (EW) and North-South (NS) directions. The vertical lines are radio atmospherics from distant lightning discharges, where as the continuous horizontal lines (especially evident in Crosswind Lake data) are local interference.
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B. Two-hop whistler-mode echoes and triggered emissions
a. Rationale for the Proposed Distribution of ELF/VLF Measurement Sites
The most extensive set of controlled ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments were carried out with the Siple Station VLF transmitter facility operated by Stanford University during 1973-88. The experience gained in these experiments provides much of the basis for the design of the proposed program of wave-injection experiments using the HAARP facility. Figure 5 shows a depiction of these experiments and a summary of results of observations reported in a comprehensive paper [Carpenter and Bao, Journal of Geophysical Research, p. 7051, 1983].
During VLF wave injection experiments at Siple Station, it was found that two-hop signals were observed at Siple station approximately 70% of the times that one-hop signals were observed at the magnetically conjugate station at Roberval, Quebec. Thus the two-hop signals were a common feature of the wave injection experiments. By analyzing the properties of whistlers which were also propagating along the same ducts that guided the Siple signals through the magnetosphere, it was possible to quite accurately determine the L-shell along which propagation occurred. Figure 5 shows the distribution of the L-shells of these paths for two different periods in 1980 and 1973-4. The majority of the ducts excited during the 1980 period were located on L-shells whose ionospheric foot print was within ∼100 km of the station. However, the 1980 data set only included data from 12 days of strongest activity, so that this distribution is not representative of what we can expect for the case of wave-injection with HAARP. The data from the 1973-74 period on the other hand, represents an all inclusive analysis of data from a four month period, regardless of how well defined the Siple transmitter signals were in Roberval. It is clear from the 1973-74 distribution that ducts were often excited over the L-shell range 3.8 <L<4.2, substantially below the L-shell of the Siple-Roberval path (L
4.3), and that sometimes propagation paths at L-shells as low as L
3 were excited. The distribution of propagation paths may well have been strongly influenced by the average location of the plasmapause at L
4; it is well known that the sharp density gradients of the plasmapause may effectively guide whistler-mode signals between hemispheres. The distribution of our proposed observation paths as shown in Figure 1 is designed to capture the two-hop echoes of HAARP-induced ELF/VLF signals over the entire range of distances explored in the Siple experiments.
b. Subionospheric VLF Measurements of Energetic Electron Precipitation
In recent years, the subionospheric VLF remote sensing method (Figure 5), involving high-resolution measurements of the amplitude and phase of VLF signals propagating in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide, has emerged as a powerful new tool for measurements of both transient and steady perturbations of the nighttime D-region, in the altitude range of ∼70 to 90 km. In recent years, the VLF remote sensing method has been extensively utilized to study a variety of lower ionospheric disturbances, including those associated with lightning discharges, ionospheric heating by HF and VLF waves, the auroral electrojet, and relativistic electron precipitation enhancements. Computer-based models of VLF propagation and scattering are now
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Fig. 5. L-shell distribution of Siple transmitter signal paths observed at Roberval during two different periods. The data from the first period, 1973-74, were extensively and all-inclusively analyzed, regardless of how weak the signal might be at Roberval. For the second period, data from only 12 days of strongest activity were considered. It is clear that magnetospheric paths well equatorward of the Siple transmitter were commonly excited.
available so that the VLF method can now be quantitatively used to interpret ionospheric signatures of electron precipitation in terms of their spatial extent and the altitude profiles of ionization. Stanford University extensively uses VLF remote sensing for detecting electron precipitation bursts induced by lightning discharges, using a holographic array of stations extending from Wyoming to New Mexico.
In this connection, the proposed ELF/VLF observation program will provide outstanding opportunities to continuously monitor energetic electron precipitation over the L-shell range of 3 <L|! <5 as shown in Figure 5. The availability of many criss-crossing paths will allow the delineation of the spatial distribution of ionospheric disturbances (and hence the precipitation regions). Energetic electron precipitation monitored in this manner may be caused by natural signals, such as lightning-generated whistlers, or ELF/VLF chorus emissions, or may be induced by ELF/VLF signals injected by HAARP. The latter are expected to be at very low levels, but may still be detectable by means of superposed epoch analysis under conditions of imposed periodicities.
Based on Figure 5 we note that the parallel energies of electrons resonant with 3 kHz waves are >50 keV during disturbed times, indicating that any wave-induced precipitation of these particles would produced ionospheric disturbances at altitudes below 90 km, readily observable with the VLF sounding technique.
12 VLFVLF VLF Xmtr Signal Scattered VLF Fields Ionosphere (~85 km height) ΔσDisturbance Heated region Injected waves Amplified and/or triggeredwaves Interaction region Energetic electrons Precipitating electrons Pitch angle scattered electrons Conj. Point HAARP Precipitating electrons Injected waves
Receiver XMTR
Fig. 6. Subionospheric VLF remote sensing of energetic electron precipitation. Detection and measurement of energetic electron precipitation via the associated phase and amplitude perturbations of subionospheric VLF signals is now a well established technique. The precipitating energetic (>)50 keV) electrons penetrate to altitudes below the nighttime reflection height (∼85 km) of the VLF signals, creating secondary ionization, which in turn affects the waveguide mode structure of the VLF signals propagating in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. In the case of transient bursts of precipitation, the excess secondary ionization created lasts for 30 to 100 s, until the ionosphere recovers back to its ambient levels.
c. Interferometric Measurement of Natural ELF/VLF Signals
The proposed set of extensive multi-site ELF/VLF observations will additionally provide a data base with unprecedented resolution and coverage, with which investigations of ionospheric exit points of natural waves of magnetospheric origin (e.g., whistlers, chorus, or hiss) can be determined. Such determination is not possible with single site observations, which constitute the majority of ground-based observations of ELF/VLF phenomena conducted so far. Although some multi-site measurements have been conducted, the data recordings were typically not done in wideband fashion, and GPS-timing was not available, so that phase coherence between distant sites could not be achieved.


13 Akhiok Port Graham HAARP Dot Lake Juneau KetchikanCold Bay Healy L = 7 L = 6 L= 5 L = 4 L = 3 NLK (24.8 kHz) Jim Creek Valdez Yakutat Talkeetna
from NPM (21.4 kHz) in Hawaii
Fig. 7. Distribution of VLF signal paths which will be monitored with the proposed array of ELF/VLF observing sites. To avoid clutter, signal paths are shown for only two VLF transmitters, namely the NPM transmitter in Hawaii and the NLK transmitter in Jim Creek, Washington. The observing sites labeled in green (Talkeetna, Healy, and Dot Lake) are already in-place and operating as part of a D-region diagnostic system for HAARP.
Fig. 8. Parallel energy of cyclotron resonant electrons. (a) The product of parallel resonant energy (W ) and electron density N versus L-shell for selected frequencies. (b) Equatorial
cold plasma density in the magnetosphere during normal and disturbed conditions. (c) The corresponding parallel resonant energy versus L-shell for 3-kHz signals, during disturbed and normal times.
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
;;
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;;;;
;
(a) (b)
Source Region
R3 Ionosphere (~100 km)
ELF/VLF Source (c)
Region at ~100 km R1 R2
R4 R2
(d)
R1
Fig. 9. Interferometric Measurements of Discrete Chorus Emissions. (a) Two second snapshots illustrating the characteristic frequency-time signatures of rising chorus emissions. (b) Continuous records of signal amplitude in selected narrow bands, illustrating the characteristic morning local time (magnetic noon is approximately 1500 UT) peak in chorus activity. (c) Since chorus is believed to exit the magnetosphere in relatively compact ionospheric exit points, the determination of the location and aperture distribution of such exit regions requires coherent measurements at spaced sites, as will be facilitated by the proposed array (Figure 1) of ELF/VLF observing sites.
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C. One-hop whistler-mode signals and triggered emissions
The scientific rationale for this component of the proposed work is the same as that discussed above for the measurement of amplified two-hop whistler-mode signals and triggered emissions. It is clear from the right hand panel of Figure 5 that the optimum location for observation of amplified signals is at the the point which is geomagnetically conjugate to the source of the injected ELF/VLF waves. For the case of ELF/VLF waves injected by the HAARP HF heater, this location lies in the Southern Pacific ocean as shown in Figure 3. The conduct of repeatable ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments with the HAARP facility thus requires the use of an ocean-based platform, for which we propose to use a buoy. The feasibility of such measurements have been thoroughly investigated during the past three months under the auspices of a separate ONR grant at Stanford, considering all important aspects of the experiment, including design, construction, transportation, and deployment, as well as cost. The results of this feasibility study provides guidance for the manner in which we propose to conduct this component of the proposed program, and is described in Attachment E, which is a report prepared by ENS Noah Reddell, who conducted the feasibility study. Mr. Reddell will also be one of the key personnel on this project in the implementation phase, as is described separately in Section 4.
5. ATTACHMENTS
Attachment A:
Scientific Opportunities, Background and Justification of ELF/VLF Wave-injection and Magnetospheric Probing Experiments with HAARP. This report was prepared by Stanford University in April 2001 to provide the background for the preliminary HAARP ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments carried out under the auspices of the Polar Aeronomy and Radio Science (PARS) program.
Attachment B:
Mitigation of Enhanced Radiation. This report was recently (July 12, 2002) presented by Professor Umran Inan to distinguished visitors of the HAARP facility. It is an expanded summary of the results of the deliberations of the HAARP Panel chaired by Dr. T. Tether.
Attachment C:
Evaluation of a Proposed Program to Use Orbiting VLF Transmitters for Radiation Belt Mitigation. This report was prepared in October 2001 by Dr. M. Schulz and Dr.
H. Petschek, both experts on radiation belts and wave-induced diffusion and scattering of energetic particles.
Attachment D:
Paper presented at the URSI General Assembly. This paper, presented by Professor Umran Inan at Maastricht in August 2002, described results from the first two HAARP ELF/VLF wave-injection campaigns.
Attachment E:
ELF/VLF Measurements at the HAARP Conjugate Point: Buoy Feasibility Study.
This document was prepared by ENS Noah Reddell, based on his work during the Fall Quarter, under the auspices of a separate feasibility study grant from ONR.
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Attachment A: Scientific Opportunities, Background and Justification of ELF/VLF Wave-injection and Magnetospheric Probing Experiments with HAARP. This report was prepared by Stanford University in April 2001 to provide the background for the preliminary HAARP ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments carried out under the auspices of the Polar Aeronomy and Radio Science (PARS) program.
POLAR AERONOMY AND RADIO SCIENCE (PARS) ULF/ELF/VLF PROJECT DESCRIPTION
U. S. Inan and T. F. Bell
STAR Laboratory, Stanford University
1. INTRODUCTION
The collection of state-of-the-art (and in some cases unique) geophysical instruments at or near the HAARP Gakona site, as well as the capability for active ionospheric modification and ULF/ELF/VLF wave-injection with the HAARP heater, provide an outstanding opportunity for experiments aimed at studying the mechanisms and effects (both ionospheric and magnetospheric) of wave-particle interaction processes, in subauroral regions near and immediately outside the plasmapause. The L-value of Gakona (L=4.89) is within the range of L-shells explored in an extensive set of coordinated ionospheric and magnetospheric experiments conducted from Siple Station, Antarctica (L = 4.2). These experiments included a wide range of ELF/VLF
(1.5 to 7 kHz) wave-injection experiments accompanied by a host of passive ionospheric diagnostics, including optical imaging, photometers, riometers, ULF micropulsations, ionosondes, and magnetometers, and were conducted during 1970s and 1980s. Active wave-injection and passive geophysical observations from Siple Station were often coordinated with high and low altitudes satellites, such as ISIS-1,2, IMP-6, ISEE-1, and DE-1 and DE-2. No such experiments have been carried out since the closure of Siple Station in 1988 due to logistical difficulties in maintaining this dedicated Antarctic facility. At present, some coordinated geophysical observations of the plasmapause/subauroral regions are carried out from the Halley Bay (UK) and to a more limited degree from the Sanae (South Africa) Stations in the Antarctic.
Resonant interactions between ELF/VLF waves and energetic particles are pervasive throughout the Earth’s magnetosphere and are believed to play a controlling role in the dynamics of the inner and outer radiation belts. A primary natural example of waves is the so-called ELF/VLF chorus, which is well known as the most intense electromagnetic emission in near-earth space, and which is a driver of electron precipitation, believed to be responsible for pulsating aurora and the morning side diffuse aurora. The generation mechanism of this intense coherent laser-like emission is not yet understood, in spite of many years of observations and theoretical analyses. Chorus occurs primarily on closed field lines, typically outside the plasmasphere, and can thus be optimally observed from Gakona. It is often associated with burst particle precipitation, leading to secondary ionization (as may be viewed with riometers and ionosondes), optical emissions (as may be viewed by photometers and all-sky cameras), x-rays (as may be observed on high
2
altitude balllons), and micropulsations (ULF receivers), thus requiring coordinated sets of observations. A primary example of particle phenomena at subauroral latitudes are the relativistic electron enhancements, which are observed at geosynchronous orbit as well as on low altitude satellites (e.g., SAMPEX), and which are one of the important aspects of Space Weather. Although it is well known that these enhancements are associated with the solar wind, and in fact exhibit strong 27-day periodicity, how they are accelerated to relativistic energies is not yet known and is under debate. Wave-particle interactions are definitely involved, in ways not yet understood. Most of the present observations of this phenomena is being carried out on low-and high-altitude satellites. Ground-based observations of ionospheric effects of the associated precipitation enhancements can complement spacecraft data by providing continuity in time and by also documenting the associated wave activity. ELF/VLF chorus and relativistic electron enhancements are just two examples of subauroral phenomena which lend themselves to coordinated observation from the ground. Other waves that are prominently observed in subauroral regions include ion-cyclotron waves in the ULF range.

ELF/VLF Wave-injection and Magnetospheric Probing with HAARP
Stanford University January 2003
2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page #
1.
INTRODUCTION 3
2.
PROPOSED RESEARCH 6
A.
Preliminary Results from Initial HAARP ELF/VLF Wave-injection Campaigns 8
B.
Two-hop whistler-mode echoes and triggered emissions 10
C.
One-hop whistler-mode signals and triggered emissions 15
3.
STATEMENT OF WORK 16
4.
ESTIMATED COST BREAKDOWN 17
5.
Attachment A: Scientific Opportunities, Background and Justification 26
of ELF/VLF Wave-injection and Magnetospheric Probing Experiments with HAARP
6.
Attachment B: Mitigation of Enhanced Radiation: Talk presented by 38
Umran Inan to Distinguished Visitors at HAARP
7.
Attachment C: Evaluation of a Proposed Program to Use Orbiting 52
VLF Transmitters for Radiation Belt Mitigation.
8.
Attachment D: Paper presented by Umran Inan at URSI General Assembly on results 59
from HAARP ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments
9.
Attachment E: ELF/VLF Measurements at the HAARP Conjugate Point: 88
Buoy Feasibility Study
3
1. INTRODUCTION
A three year research program is proposed to establish an array of wideband ELF/VLF receivers and to conduct continuous measurements of the magnetospheric response to the injection of ELF/VLF waves using the HAARP HF heater. The primary objective of the proposed program is to detect the so-called ‘one-hop’ direct and the ‘two-hop’ whistler-mode echo of a HAARP-injected ELF/VLF signal, and to study the characteristics of these signals to determine the degree to which injected ELF/VLF signals are amplified by the magnetospheric plasma, leading to the triggering of new emissions and enhanced precipitation of energetic electrons from the radiation belts. The scientific opportunities, background and justification for ELF/VLF wave-injection and magnetospheric probing experiments with HAARP are provided in Attachment A, which is a copy of a detailed report prepared earlier (April 2001) by Stanford for preliminary ELF/VLF wave-injection campaigns conducted under the auspices of the Polar Aeronomy and Radio Science (PARS) program.
L = 7 L = 6 L= 5 L = 4 Akhiok Port Graham HAARPCrosswind Chistochina Juneau L = 3 KetchikanCold Bay Valdez Yakutat Precipitating
Reflected
Heated
regionwaves Amplified and/or triggeredwaves Interaction regionEnergetic electrons Pitch angle scattered electrons Reflected waves Conj.PointHAARPelectrons Injected
waves
Fig. 1. Proposed Program of ELF/VLF Observations in the northern hemisphere. At each of the sites shown, broadband ELF/VLF measurements will be conducted with identical equipment and with two orthogonal magnetic loop antennas. The purpose of the measurements is to detect the two-hop whistler-mode echo of ELF/VLF signals injected into the magnetosphere by modulated HF heating of the auroral electrojet by HAARP. The solid line circles are incremented in radii by 100-km, with the outermost one having a radius of 1000-km. The loci of the L-shells shown correspond to 100-km altitude, so that the L-value at the ground levels are somewhat lower. For example, the HAARP facility at ground level is located at L
4.89, while the L-value at 100-km altitude immediately above HAARP is L
5.25.
The measurements of the two-hop signals in the northern hemisphere would be complemented with ELF/VLF observations in the geomagnetically conjugate region (in the Southern Pacific Ocean) on buoy (see Figure 3), aimed at observing amplified one-hop whistler-mode signals and associated triggered emissions. Based on results from 15-years of experimentation with the VLF wave-injection facility at Siple Station, Antarctica (L
4.2), observation of the amplified one-hop signal with triggered emissions is ∼5 times more likely than the detection of the two-hop echo [Carpenter and Bao, 1983]. Accordingly, the ocean-based measurement is considered a
4
crucial component of the prosed program, both for the initial detection of an amplified whistler-mode HAARP-injected VLF signal during the next two years when HAARP will operate at less than its full capacity (in terms of power level and antenna array and thus ultimately the intensity of the induced ELF/VLF signal), and also for the conduct of repeatable and routine ELF/VLF wave-injection experiments when HAARP is developed to its full capacity.
A second objective of the proposed program is to detect ionospheric effects of HAARP-VLF-induced electron precipitation via the subionospheric VLF remote sensing method, which is particularly sensitive for measurements of effects in the nighttime D-region of >50 keV electrons. This objective is described in Section 2-C.
In the course of pursuing these two objectives, the proposed ELF/VLF measurements will also serve to determine the amplitude and phase of HAARP-induced ELF/VLF signals as a function of distance on the ground, over a range of up to ∼1500 km. This determination will in turn allow an indirect assessment of the extent of the magnetospheric regions illuminated by HAARP-induced ELF/VLF waves, even when the two-hop whistler-mode echo might not be observable. The phase-coherent (facilitated by GPS-timing) nature of the measurements will allow the delineation of the individual Earth-ionosphere waveguide modes which carry the HAARP-induced to distant points in the waveguide.
Furthermore, the continuous ELF/VLF measurements at the distributed sites will in addition provide a unique data base for investigations of natural magnetospheric ELF/VLF wave activity (and associated particle precipitation effects) in the important subauroral region in the vicinity of the plasmapause. In the latter context, the proposed array of observing sites represents the most comprehensive set of measurements ever conducted of the subauroral near-plasmapause region.
The scientific motivation for the proposed work arose in the context of discussions (during March–August 2001) of a panel of experts assessing the means by which artificial enhancements (e.g., as a result of atmospheric nuclear explosions) of radiation belt fluxes can be mitigated by controlled transmissions of ELF/VLF waves. The results of the deliberations of the panel indicated that it would be feasible to mitigate such artificial enhancements by injecting ELF/VLF waves in-situ from satellite-based transmitters. However, implementation of a practical system required that we take advantage of the natural magnetospheric amplification and growth of whistler-mode signals as a result of cyclotron-resonant interactions. Such interactions are highly coherent and wave amplification is strongly dependent on the frequency-time format of the injected signals as well as factors. Thus, it was found necessary that we learn to amplify signals prior to designing a space-based mitigation system. The HAARP facility provides the only source available for this purpose, and the proposed set of wave-injection experiments are thus aimed at investigating the wave amplification and growth processes so that we can determine the conditions (and the modulation formats) under which injected signals are most likely to be amplified. A recent report prepared on the topic of radiation belt mitigation drawing from the conclusions arrived at the HAARP panel deliberations is attached as Attachment B. A detailed technical/scientific evaluation of the considerations of the HAARP panel undertaken by radiation belts experts Dr. M. Schulz and Dr. H. Petschek is enclosed as Attachment C.
As described in Attachment B, the radiated power level and the HF antenna array size of
20
5
kHz kHz kHz kHz
Siple Station, Antarctica 26 July 1977 1137:00 UT3
Transmitted pulse 2
1
2-hop echo
0
0 10 20

part 1 of 2 ...

Scalar Weapons Causing Earthquakes 

ARE EARTHQUAKES BEING CAUSED BY SCALAR WEAPONS? 

Date: Sunday, 10 November 2002, 10:04 p.m. 
I do not know what the statistics are but it seems that there are alot of volcanoes going off lately. An at least two very gigantic earthquakes in the past week or so. Having done a good deal of reading at scalar scientist Tom Bearden's website Cheniere.Org I cannot help but wondering if any of this earthquake and volcano activity is being cause by the new scalar electromagnetic superweapons called "Longitudinal Wave Interferometers," or "Tesla Howizters." 
According to Bearden the covert development of these devices, in at least 10 countries, began decades ago, especially in Russia, whose scientists were more able than those in the West to think outside the box of conventional electromagnetic theory, a theory which is incomplete. Scalar electromagnetics restores certain equations which were thrown out along the way to "make things simpler," and announces the amazing fact that what we call the vacuum of space is actually an ocean of energy. The energy is there in incredible abundance once you know how to tap it. Energy which could change the world for good, and also energy which can be made into fantastic weapons. Weapons such as no warrier has ever dreamed of in his wildest imagination. 
A longitudinal wave interferometer is easy to build. It's just two special antennae and a computer that connects them. The all-important software, the "know-how," is the only difficult thing. Where the two scalar beams cross each other is called the "interference zone," and in that zone a dazzling array of effects can be produced, so many that it boggles the mind. And these longitudinal waves can go right through the earth! So that you have pure action-at-a-distance. 
Two of the things that can by done by manipulation of the wave at the interference zone are making earthquakes at a distant spot, and making volcanos erupt. A previous Secretary of Defense, William Cohen, even confirmed that these kinds of weapons were in existence. In 1997 he stated: 
"Others [terrorists] are engaging even in an eco-type of terrorism whereby they can alter the climate, set off earthquakes, volcanoes remotely through the use of electromagnetic waves... So there are plenty of ingenious minds out there that are at work finding ways in which they can wreak terror upon other nations...It's real, and that's the reason why we have to intensifour [counter terrorism] efforts." - Defense Secretary William Cohen, 1997 
This was 37 years after Soviet Premier Khrushchev had announced the Longitudinal Wave Interferometer to the world saying: "We have a new weapon, just within the portfolio of our scientists, so to speak, which is so powerful that, if unrestrainedly used, it could wipe out all life on earth. It is a fantastic weapon." 
In fact so fantastic it can create earthquakes and make sleeping volcanos erupt. Here is an amazing description by Tom Bearden of how a Tesla Howitzer could induce an earthquake. 
"Here's how you initiate a very large earthquake with such weapons. Take a convenient fault zone of set of them. Focus the interferometry on the fault zone, in the "diverging" mode, and deposit EM energy there in the rocks on both sides, increasing (slowly) the stress in the rocks by the reverse piezoelectric effect (deposit excess energy, get crystal mechanical movements). 
"Do it slowly, and the stress will build up to large pressures well-above a plate slip minimum energy required. At some point, the rocks yield and one or both sides "slip" and move rather sharply, giving a very large earthquake in that zone. 
"Do the same thing down in the earth (remember, LWs easily penetrate right through the earth and ocean at will, and so the "interference zone" focus can be inside the earth or beneath the ocean, at will. 
"Anyway, focus this thing down to where the active part of the volcano is still slumbering, down where the hole in the plate has been made. Keep increasing the deposition of energy in the magma itself, and eventually the increasing pressure from deep within that volcano, underground, will cause an eruption. Build the energy slow, and the eruption will likely be much larger." 
ttp://www.earthchangestv.com/ufo/0209gandor.htm> 
In another mode the howitzer can create "cold explosions" where instead of causing huge energy to be released huge energy is sucked out. A number of these cold explosions have be witnessed, especially by commercial pilots, where they create a gigantic mushroom cloud of mostly water vapor rising miles into the sky. 
Yugoslav Earthquake followed by Cold Explosion 
www.cheniere.org... 
Another example is the Iran Quake of 1997. It was 7.4 on the Richter scale and aftershocks of as high as 6.0 were expected but there were no aftershocks. It was also at an anomalous depth. 
www.cheniere.org... 
Bearden says that with 100% certainty certain rogue groups including the "Yakuza" (Japanese mafia) are possessing these devices have be waging a weather war on the United States, and perhaps other places, moving fronts around with their giant movable areas of heat and cold. 
In the correspondence section of Cheniere.Org Bearden resonded to a reader's question "Do you have any indicators that the Yakuza (or someone else) is behind the recent spate of quakes and volcanoes, especially the quakes in Alaska?" 
"No indications directly as yet. So far, just the fact that it seems to be the most powerful quake ever to hit the U.S. Also, it damaged the pipeline in Alaska (800 miles long pipeline) that carries 20% of all domestic U.S. oil. The pipeline is shut down now, and I haven't a picture yet as to whether the damage is just minor or substantial. Note we previously discussed (several times) just how vulnerable that pipeline is. 
"We also know (100% certainty) that the Yakuza and Aum Shinrikyo have indeed been engineering our weather, etc. since 1990, having leased the scalar interferometers from the Russians (from the KGB, who control and use all such Russian weapons), on site in Russia at the end of 1989... 
"So if it is the Yakuza and Aum Shinrikyo, one can possibly add a couple of recent volcano eruptions as possible candidates to their list. 
"So a shadowy picture of possible Yakuza activities and involvement does emerge, but not yet with enough certainty to state it as such." - November 5, 2002. 
www.cheniere.org... 
If you can cause an earthquake you can also set it to, say, bring down a single buildings, of pair of buildings. It may be that the collapse of WTC twin towers was actually the first major scalar attack in world history. Because in a certain mode the waves at the interference zone can cause metal to soften, even to melt. If so, the planes crashing into them were merely a cover story to cloak the fact that the Tesla Howitzer had been used. 
The existence and proliferation of these scalar weapons is an immediate world emergency. A mishap with one of these devices could wipe out all life on earth. They could disrupt the scalar wave balance between earth and sun in such a way that would cause massive solar disturbances and storms, completely frying the earth. 
When they invented the Bomb, people worked hard to "Ban the Bomb", but this time the "Bomb" is held in such super secrecy that the People have no idea at all of the threats they are under and the complete vulnerability of any particular point on earth. If the Government really wanted to get people whipped up about the war on terrorism they should simply step forward and tell the People about these weapons and what they can do. They cannot do that because it would be an admission that every square inch of the country was vulnerable to these action-at-a-distance weapons, that there is no longer any such thing as National Security, and that we are all just sitting ducks now. That's a hard pill to swallow but swallow it we must. 
Perhaps that's the way human history ends, a bunch of criminal gangs and rogue groups fighting it out with such weapons as even the gods would envy. 
For more information on scalar technology see 
Scalar Wars: The Brave New World of Scalar Electromagnetics 
216.247.92.101... 
and Tom Bearden's website Cheniere.Org 
www.cheniere.org...
http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread7463/pg1

...

           
Earthquakes:
Natural or Man-Made? 
By JASON JEFFREY

Precautions against unconventional arms must be intensified as potential terrorists develop chemical and biological weapons and electromagnetic methods that could create holes in the ozone layer or trigger earthquakes or volcanoes.
– Former US Secretary of Defense William Cohen speaking at the University of Georgia, 1997
The devastating tsunami created December 26, 2004 by a magnitude 9.0 earthquake that killed more than 300,000 people on the shores of the Indian Ocean caught the world off guard. It was the largest earthquake since the 9.2 magnitude Good Friday Earthquake off Alaska in 1964, and ties for fourth largest since 1900.

     The earthquake that struck the Indonesian island of Sumatra occurred in a location geologists know is susceptible to powerful earthquakes. The quake occurred along a “subduction zone,” in which the Indian tectonic plate is being subducted, or pulled beneath, the Burma tectonic platelet. The overlying plate jumped upward more than 4.5 metres, lifting the water above it and setting off the tsunami.

     For some, the finger of blame doesn’t point squarely at nature but at top secret military testing in the waters of the Indian Ocean.

     The Egyptian weekly magazine Al-Osboa claimed the earthquake that triggered the tsunami “was possibly” caused by an Indian nuclear experiment in which “Israeli and American nuclear experts participated”.

     An Australian researcher, Joe Vialls,1 in his article “Did New York Orchestrate The Asian Tsunami?” analyses how easy it would be to deliver “a multi-megaton thermonuclear weapon to the bottom of the Sumatran Trench, and then detonate it with awesome effect.”

     Days after the disaster, Canadian Professor Michel Chossudovsky wrote an article titled “Foreknowledge of A Natural Disaster: Washington was aware that a deadly Tidal Wave was building up in the Indian Ocean”.2 He noted “the US Navy was fully aware of the deadly tidal wave, because the Navy was on the Pacific Warning Centre’s list of contacts. Moreover, America’s strategic Naval base on the island of Diego Garcia had also been notified. Although directly in the path of the tidal wave, the Diego Garcia military base reported ‘no damage’.”

     “With modern communications, the information of an impending disaster could have been sent around the world in a matter of minutes, by email, by telephone, by fax, not to mention by live satellite television,” he adds.

     Others see the catastrophe as a ‘sign of the times’ in which we live, and a portent of what is to come as the Earth and humanity experience even more changes as part of the end of a world cycle.

Natural Earthquakes

     Natural earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates over the Earth’s mantle. Sandwiched between Earth’s crust and molten outer core, the vast mantle accounts for 83 percent of the planet’s volume. It is filled with solid rock but, heated by the core and by its own radioactive decay, it circulates like a pot of impenetrable soup. That circulation is the driving force behind the surface motion of tectonic plates, which builds mountains and causes earthquakes.

     The destructive power of an earthquake comes from the momentum gathered when two opposing “faults” or tectonic plates that may have been locked together for decades, suddenly move apart. The result is that solid rock which normally moves only with the passing of geological ages accelerates briefly to 8000 kmh, unleashing huge quantities of energy and creating a shaking movement of up to a metre a second.

     Most people consider earthquakes to be natural in origin, but what if there was such a thing as man-made earthquakes? Well, there are. There is the official version of what constitutes a man-made earthquake, and then there is a body of suppressed research pointing to a more insidious agenda.

Artificially-Induced Earthquakes
     Officially, there is an area of research devoted to man-made earthquakes. Geologists and seismologists agree earthquakes can be induced in five major ways: fluid injection into the Earth, fluid extraction from the Earth, mining or quarrying, nuclear testing and through the construction of dams and reservoirs.

     In fact, there are officially recorded instances of earthquakes caused by human activity.

     Geologists discovered that disposal of waste fluids by means of injecting them deep into the Earth could trigger earthquakes after a series of quakes in the Denver area occurred from 1962-1965; the periods and amounts of injected waste coincided with the frequency and magnitude of quakes in the Denver area. The earthquakes were triggered because the liquid, which was injected under very high pressure, released stored strain energy in the rocks.

     Man-made earthquakes may seem like something out of the X-Files, and it’s probably only a matter of time before the idea is picked up by Hollywood.

     The plotline of Hammer of Eden, written by best-selling author Ken Follett, revolves around a terrorist group threatening to level San Francisco with a man-made earthquake. When asked by Salon magazine how real is the idea of a man-made earthquake, Follett replied that, “Some of the seismologists told me, ‘There’s no way this could happen.’ But others gave sad little shrugs and said, ‘It’s hard to say. Who knows? Maybe. It’s within the realm of possibly.’”

Suppressed Research: 
Tesla Technologies

     Born in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Nikola Tesla is one of the 20th century’s greatest scientists. A prodigious inventor of electronic devices and pioneer of free energy, Tesla never gained the recognition he deserved because his scientific breakthroughs were deemed too ‘sensitive’ by the corporate and government powers of the day.

     In a book entitled Tesla – The Lost Inventions, a section is headed “Man-Made Earthquake”. It discloses Tesla’s fascination with the power of resonance and how he experimented with it not only electrically but on the mechanical plane as well. In his Manhattan lab, Tesla built mechanical vibrators and tested their powers. One experiment got out of hand.

     Tesla attached a powerful little vibrator driven by compressed air to a steel pillar. Leaving it there, he went about his business. Meanwhile, down the street, a violent quaking built up, shaking down plaster, bursting plumbing, cracking windows, and breaking heavy machinery off its anchorages.

     Tesla’s vibrator had found the resonant frequency of a deep sandy layer of subsoil beneath his building, setting off a small earthquake. Soon Tesla’s own building began to quake. It is reported that just as the police broke into his lab, Tesla was seen smashing the device with a sledge hammer, the only way he could promptly stop it.

     In a similar experiment, on an evening walk through the city, Tesla attached a battery powered vibrator, described as being the size of an alarm clock, to the steel framework of a building under construction. He adjusted it to a suitable frequency and set the structure into resonant vibration.

     The structure shook, and so did the earth under his feet. Tesla later boasted he could shake down the Empire State Building with such a device. If this claim was not extravagant enough, he went on to say a large-scale resonant vibration was capable of splitting the Earth in half.

     An article from the July 11, 1935 issue of the New York American entitled ‘Tesla’s Controlled Earthquakes’, stated Tesla’s “experiments in transmitting mechanical vibrations through the Earth – called by him ‘the art of telegeodynamics’ – were roughly described by the scientists as a sort of controlled earthquake.”

     The article quotes Tesla as saying:

The rhythmical vibrations pass through the Earth with almost no loss of energy. It becomes possible to convey mechanical effects to the greatest terrestrial distances and produce all kinds of unique effects. The invention could be used with destructive effect in war…

     The January 1978 edition of Specula magazine ran an article describing an incredibly profound phenomenon that could be produced within the Earth by what is called the ‘Tesla Effect.’

     According to the article, electromagnetic signals of certain frequencies can be transmitted through the Earth to form standing waves in the Earth itself. In certain cases, coherence to this standing wave can be induced wherein a fraction of the vast, surging electromagnetic current of the Earth itself feeds into and augments the induced standing wave.

     In other words, “much more energy is now present in the standing wave than the ...amount being fed in from the Earth’s surface.” By interferometer techniques, giant standing waves can be combined to produce a focused beam of very great energy. This can then be used to produce earthquakes induced at distant aiming points.

     Tesla expressed grave concerns about the effects of this technology because it is exactly the type of thing that could easily get out of control once it begins vibrating within the Earth – and it could actually cause the Earth to vibrate to pieces.

     Another leading Tesla researcher and nuclear engineer, Lt. Col. Thomas Bearden, lecturing at a Symposium of the US Psychotronics Association (USPA) in 1981, stated:

Tesla found that he could set up standing waves… in the Earth (the molten core), or, just set it up through the rocks – the telluric activity in the rocks would furnish activity into these waves and one would get more potential energy in those waves than he put in. He called the concept the Tesla Magnifying Transmitter (TMT).

     Bearden goes on to explain how TMTs worked:

     They will go through anything. What you do is that you set up a standing wave through the Earth and the molten core of the Earth begins to feed that wave (we are talking Tesla now). When you have that standing wave, you have set up a triode. What you’ve done is that the molten core of the Earth is feeding the energy and it’s like your signal – that you are putting in – is gating the grid of a triode… Then what you do is that you change the frequency. If you change the frequency one way (start to dephase it), you dump the energy up in the atmosphere beyond the point on the other side of the Earth that you focused upon. You start ionising the air, you can change the weather flow patterns (jet streams etc) – you can change all that – if you dump it gradually, real gradually – you influence the heck out of the weather. It’s a great weather machine. If you dump it sharply, you don’t get little ionisation like that. You will get flashes and fireballs (plasma) that will come down on the surfaces of the Earth… you can cause enormous weather changes over entire regions by playing that thing back and forth.

HAARP: The Pentagon’s Ultimate Weapon

     In an Arctic compound 450 kilometres east of Anchorage, Alaska, the Pentagon has erected a powerful transmitter designed to beam more than a gigawatt of energy into the upper reaches of the atmosphere. Known as Project HAARP (High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program), the experiment involves the world’s largest “ionospheric heater,” a device designed to zap the skies hundreds of kilometres above the Earth with high-frequency radio waves.

     Why irradiate the charged particles of the ionosphere (which when energised by natural processes make up the lovely and famous phenomenon known as the Northern Lights)? According to the US Navy and Air Force, co-sponsors of the project, “to observe the complex natural variations of Alaska’s ionosphere.” As well, admit the Pentagon, to develop new forms of communications and surveillance technologies to enable the military to send signals to nuclear submarines and to peer deep underground.

     Ever since the existence of HAARP became public, a number of independent researchers have warned the operation has a secret agenda including weather modification, mind control, hi-tech military experiments, and the triggering of earthquakes.

     HAARP transmissions may also be used for the detection and monitoring of electromagnetic or “plasma” phenomena, precursors of seismic activity and tectonic movement. Researchers believe HAARP transmissions are actually being used to activate or trigger exactly the same electromagnetic conditions that can cause tectonic movement.

     Jerry Smith in his book HAARP: The Ultimate Weapon of the Conspiracy, warns many atmospheric scientists working on the secretive military project might be unaware of HAARP’s grave potential to wreak havoc on the Earth. He writes:

If HAARP is a TMT [Tesla Magnifying Transmitter], and these researchers correctly understand Tesla’s work, we could be in a lot of trouble. It is quite possible that the scientists working on HAARP do not know what they are playing with… Beyond that their ignorance might be compounded if HAARP is indeed a secretive black-ops military project. The military has devised a way of keeping secrets called ‘compartmentalisation’ where each unit knows only what it needs to know… Only the control group knows what’s going on… If there is a control group familiar with TMTs directing the actions of scientists unschooled in Tesla technology, those lower level operatives could be directed to wreak havoc with created weather or manufactured earthquakes….

     The key technology behind HAARP is the brainchild of scientist Bernard Eastlund. Judging from his APTI patent, Tesla was a major inspiration for Eastlund’s ionospheric heater. A New York Times story, dated December 8, 1915, describes one of Tesla’s ideas which are remarkably similar to Eastlund’s.3

     In 1966, Professor Gordon J.F. MacDonald was associate director of the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at the University of California, Los Angeles, a member of the US President’s Science Advisory Committee, and later a member of the US President’s Council on Environmental Quality.

     He published papers on the use of environmental-control technologies for military purposes. MacDonald made a revealing comment: “The key to geophysical warfare is the identification of environmental instabilities to which the addition of a small amount of energy would release vastly greater amounts of energy.”

     World-renowned scientist MacDonald developed ideas for using the environment as a weapon system and he contributed to what was, at the time, only in the wildest dream of a futurist. When he wrote his chapter, “How To Wreck The Environment,” for the book Unless Peace Comes, he was not kidding around. In it he describes the use of weather manipulation, climate modification, polar ice cap melting or destabilisation, ozone depletion techniques, earthquake engineering, ocean wave control and brain wave manipulation using the planet’s energy fields.

     He speculated these types of weapons would be developed and, when used, would be virtually undetectable by their victims. Is HAARP one such weapon?

     In her book Planet Earth: The Latest Weapon of War, renowned scientist and nuclear activist Dr. Rosalie Bertell says such electromagnetic weapons “have the ability to transmit explosive and other effects such as earthquake induction across intercontinental distances to any selected target site on the globe with force levels equivalent to major nuclear explosions.”

     Her book explains that pulsed, extremely low frequency (ELF) waves can be used to convey mechanical effects and vibrations at great distances through the Earth.

     Such manipulation of the Earth, she states, “has the capability to cause disturbance of volcanoes and tectonic plates, which in turn, have an effect on the weather,” creating storms and torrential rains over an area. Anyone notice the world’s weather has been very strange in recent months?

Beachings and Seismic Tests

     On November 28, 2004, Reuters reported that during a three day span, 169 whales and dolphins beached themselves in Tasmania, an island off the southern coast of mainland Australia. The cause for these beachings is not known, but Bob Brown, a senator in the Australian parliament, said “sound bombing” or seismic tests of ocean floors to test for oil and gas had been recently carried out near the sites of the Tasmanian beachings.

     According to Jim Cummings of the Acoustic Ecology Institute, seismic surveys utilising airguns have been taking place in mineral-rich areas of the world’s oceans since 1968. Among the areas that have experienced the most intense survey activity are the North Sea, the Beaufort Sea (off Alaska’s North Slope), and the Gulf of Mexico; areas around Australia and South America are also current hotspots of activity.

     The impulses created by the release of air from arrays of up to 24 airguns create low frequency sound waves powerful enough to penetrate up to 40km below the seafloor. The “source level” of these sound waves is generally over 200dB (and often 230dB or more), roughly comparable to a sound of at least 140-170dB in air.

     According to the Australian Conservation Foundation, these 200dB – 230dB shots from the airguns are fired every 10 seconds or so, from 10 metres below the surface, 24 hours a day, for 2 week periods of time, weather permitting.

     These types of tests are known to affect whales and dolphins, whose acute hearing and use of sonar is very sensitive.

     On December 24, 2004 there was a magnitude 8.1 earthquake more than 800 kilometres southeast of Tasmania near New Zealand, with a subsequent aftershock 6.1 a little later in the morning that same day.

     Then on December 26 the magnitude 9.0 earthquake struck leading to the devastating tsunami that killed more than 300,000 people.

     On December 27, 20 whales beached themselves 180 kilometres west of Hobart on the southern island state of Tasmania.

     Interestingly, the locations of the whale beachings over the previous 30 days correlates with the same general area struck by the 8.1 Australian earthquake. The seismic testing also took place in the same area. Then two days after the Australian tectonic plate shifted, the 9.0 earthquake shook the coast of Indonesia.

     There is strong evidence suggesting oil exploration activities have induced earthquakes in the past, although a link is yet to be established in this case.

     A paper “Seismicity in the Oil Field” by Russian academics admit, “Scientists have observed that earthquakes can be triggered by human action…. Some geophysicists, including the authors of this article, believe that if the natural tectonic regime had been taken into account during the planning of hydrocarbon recovery, the earthquakes might have been avoided.”4 

     This is a sobering admission when we consider that some geologists say the Australian quake was the likely trigger for the Indonesian quake.

Sign of the Times?

     The death and devastation caused by major earthquakes around the world can only worsen in years to come, as growing urban development and unprecedented population growth compound the lethal effects of natural and, as some researchers claim, man-made seismic hazards.

     With the world’s population nearing an estimated 6.5 billion, there are fewer unpopulated places for quakes to strike. And with ever more people to accommodate, there is more multistoried construction in vulnerable fault zones.

     Frightening and controversial projects like HAARP, with applications ranging from weather modification to mind control, should be of great concern to us all. And most worrying is mounting evidence the US military now has the ability to create earthquakes – the ultimate weapon of war.

     Was the earthquake of December 26 man-made or the result of natural forces? There are many who believe such events are part of a cyclic period of earth changes. Strange weather patterns, an increase in earthquake activity, and natural disasters across the planet, are anticipated at the end of major world cycles.

     Christians often call attention to the Gospel account where Jesus says a sign of the end of the world age would be “earthquakes in diverse places” (Matthew 24:7). Many believe this verse refers to the times in which we live.

     In traditional Hindu cosmology, we are now nearing the end of the Kali Yuga which is the final and most negative of four evolutionary cycles which are Satya Yuga (Golden Age), Treta Yuga (Silver Age), Dwapara Yuga (Bronze Age), and Kali Yuga (Iron Age).

     Similarly, the ancient Greeks traced the lineage of mankind through five successive “ages” or “races” from the “Golden Age” to the present “Iron Age.”

     The Visuddhimagga, a compendium of Theravada Buddhist philosophy, gives further details about the recurring cycles that destroy mankind and cleanse the Earth. The text relates there are 64 world destruction cycles in which the world perishes seven times by fire, and an eighth time by water. This cycle of eight destructions repeats itself seven times, and then at the end of the eighth cycle the final destruction is by wind rather than water. Then the cycle of 64 begins anew.

     Man’s most ancient traditions tell us these cycles reflect the creative process of the cosmos. The memories of a lost ‘Golden Age’, found in all earthly cultures, point to a time in the distant past when harmony and balance prevailed. This harmony is upset during the Iron Age, which is prophesied to end amid a proliferation of inverted spiritual values and rampant materialism, accompanied by devastating natural disturbances.

     Act of man or act of nature, the recent earthquake and tsunami may indeed be another ‘sign of the times’ signalling the last days of the present world order. We do well to recall the words of the gifted French esotericist Rene Guenon:

This end only appears to be the “end of the world,” without any reservation or specification of any kind, to those who see nothing beyond the limits of this particular cycle;… the end now under consideration is undeniably of considerably greater importance than many other, for it is the end of a whole Manvantara [world age]… this end will itself immediately become the beginning of another Manvantara... if one does not stop short of the most profound order of reality, it can be said in all truth the “end of a world” never is and never can be anything but the end of an illusion.

Footnotes:
1. www.vialls.com
2. www.globalresearch.ca/articles/CHO412C.html
3. www.rense.com/ufo3/tesla.htm
4. www.oilfield.slb.com/media/resources/oilfieldreview/ors00/sum00/p2_17.pdf

http://newdawnmagazine.com.au/Articles/Earthquakes_Natural_or_Man_Made.html

DARPA headquarters
in the Virginia Square neighborhood of Arlington.
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency of the United States Department of Defense responsible for the development of new technology for use by the military.
 
DARPA has been responsible for funding the development of many technologies which have had a major effect on the world, including computer networking, as well as NLS, which was both the first hypertext system, and an important precursor to the contemporary ubiquitous graphical user interface.

Its original name was simply Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), but it was renamed DARPA (for Defense) during March 1972, then renamed ARPA again during February 1993, and then renamed DARPA again during March 1996.

DARPA was established during 1958 (as ARPA) in response to the Soviet launching of Sputnik during 1957, with the mission of keeping U.S. military technology more sophisticated than that of the nation's potential enemies.
 
From DARPA's own introduction,[2]
DARPA’s original mission, established in 1958, was to prevent technological surprise like the launch of Sputnik, which signaled that the Soviets had beaten the U.S. into space. The mission statement has evolved over time. Today, DARPA’s mission is still to prevent technological surprise to the US, but also to create technological surprise for our enemies.
DARPA is independent from other more conventional military R&D and reports directly to senior Department of Defense management. DARPA has around 240 personnel (about 140 technical) directly managing a $3.2 billion budget.
 
These figures are "on average" since DARPA focuses on short-term (two to four-year) projects run by small, purpose-built teams.
 
 
 
DARPA's mission

DARPA's own introduction:[2]
DARPA is a Defense Agency with a unique role within DoD. DARPA is not tied to a specific operational mission: DARPA supplies technological options for the entire Department, and is designed to be the “technological engine” for transforming DoD.

Near-term needs and requirements generally drive the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force to focus on those needs at the expense of major change. Consequently, a large organization like DoD needs a place like DARPA whose only charter is radical innovation.

DARPA looks beyond today’s known needs and requirements. As military historian John Chambers noted,
“None of the most important weapons transforming warfare in the 20th century – the airplane, tank, radar, jet engine, helicopter, electronic computer, not even the atomic bomb – owed its initial development to a doctrinal requirement or request of the military.”[3]
None of them.
 
And to this list, DARPA would add unmanned systems, Global Positioning System (GPS) and Internet technologies.

DARPA’s approach is to imagine what capabilities a military commander might want in the future and accelerate those capabilities into being through technology demonstrations.
 
These not only provide options to the commander, but also change minds about what is technologically possible today.

 
DARPA as a model

According to former DARPA Director Tony Tether and W. B. Bonvillian (“Power Play,” W. B. Bonvillian, The American Interest, Volume II, p 39, November-December 2006), DARPA's key characteristics to be replicated to reproduce DARPA's success are:[4]
Small and flexible: DARPA has only about 140 technical professionals; some have referred to DARPA as “100 geniuses connected by a travel agent.”
Flat organization: DARPA avoids hierarchy, essentially operating at only two management levels to ensure the free and rapid flow of information and ideas, and rapid decision-making.
Autonomy and freedom from bureaucratic impediments: DARPA has an exemption from Title V civilian personnel specifications, which provides for a direct hiring authority to hire talent with the expediency not allowed by the standard civil service process.
Eclectic, world-class technical staff and performers: DARPA seeks great talent and ideas from industry, universities, government laboratories, and individuals, mixing disciplines and theoretical and experimental strengths. DARPA neither owns nor operates any laboratories or facilities, and the overwhelming majority of the research it sponsors is done in industry and universities. Very little of DARPA’s research is performed at government labs.
Teams and networks: At its very best, DARPA creates and sustains great teams of researchers from different disciplines that collaborate and share in the teams’ advances.
Hiring continuity and change: DARPA’s technical staff is hired or assigned for four to six years. Like any strong organization, DARPA mixes experience and change. It retains a base of experienced experts – its Office Directors and support staff – who are knowledgeable about DoD. The staff is rotated to ensure fresh thinking and perspectives, and to have room to bring technical staff from new areas into DARPA. It also allows the program managers to be bold and not fear failure.
Project-based assignments organized around a challenge model: DARPA organizes a significant part of its portfolio around specific technology challenges. It foresees new innovation-based capabilities and then works back to the fundamental breakthroughs required to make them possible. Although individual projects typically last three to five years, major technological challenges may be addressed over longer time periods, ensuring patient investment on a series of focused steps and keeping teams together for ongoing collaboration. Continued funding for DARPA projects is based on passing specific milestones, sometimes called “go/no-go’s.”
Outsourced support personnel: DARPA extensively leverages technical, contracting, and administrative services from other DoD agencies and branches of the military. This provides DARPA the flexibility to get into and out of an area without the burden of sustaining staff, while building cooperative alliances with its “agents.” These outside agents help create a constituency in their respective organizations for adopting the technology.
Outstanding program managers: The best DARPA program managers have always been freewheeling zealots in pursuit of their goals. The Director’s most important task is to recruit and hire very creative people with big ideas, and empower them.
Acceptance of failure: DARPA pursues breakthrough opportunities and is very tolerant of technical failure if the payoff from success will be great enough.
Orientation to revolutionary breakthroughs in a connected approach: DARPA historically has focused not on incremental but radical innovation. It emphasizes high-risk investment, moves from fundamental technological advances to prototyping, and then hands off the system development and production to the military services or the commercial sector.
Mix of connected collaborators: DARPA typically builds strong teams and networks of collaborators, bringing in a range of technical expertise and applicable disciplines, and involving university researchers and technology firms that are often not significant defense contractors or beltway consultants.
 
 
History

DARPA was created as the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), by Public Law 85-325 and Department of Defense Directive 5105.41, in February 1958.
 
Its creation was directly attributed to the launching of Sputnik and to U.S. realization that the Soviet Union had developed the capacity to rapidly exploit military technology.
 
Additionally, the political and defense communities recognized the need for a high-level Department of Defense organization to formulate and execute R&D projects that would expand the frontiers of technology beyond the immediate and specific requirements of the Military Services and their laboratories. In pursuit of this mission, DARPA has developed and transferred technology programs encompassing a wide range of scientific disciplines which address the full spectrum of national security needs.

From 1958-1965, ARPA's emphasis centered on major national issues, including space, ballistic missile defense, and nuclear test detection. During 1960, all of its civilian space programs were transferred to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the military space programs to the individual Services.
 
This allowed DARPA to concentrate its efforts on the DEFENDER (defense against ballistic missiles), Project Vela (nuclear test detection), and AGILE (counterinsurgency R&D) Programs, and to begin work on computer processing, behavioral sciences, and materials sciences. The DEFENDER and AGILE Programs formed the foundation of DARPA sensor, surveillance, and directed energy R&D, particularly in the study of radar, infrared sensing, and x-ray/gamma ray detection.

During the late 1960s, with the transfer of these mature programs to the Services, ARPA redefined its role and concentrated on a diverse set of relatively small, essentially exploratory research programs. The Agency was renamed the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in 1972, and during the early 1970s, it emphasized direct energy programs, information processing, and tactical technologies.

Concerning information processing, DARPA made great progress, initially through its support of the development of time-sharing (all modern operating systems rely on concepts invented for the Multics system, developed by a cooperation between Bell Labs, General Electric and MIT, which DARPA supported by funding Project MAC at MIT with an initial two-million-dollar grant), and later through the evolution of the ARPANET (the first wide-area packet switching network), Packet Radio Network, Packet Satellite Network and ultimately, the Internet and research in the artificial intelligence (AI) fields of speech recognition and signal processing.
 
DARPA also funded the development of the Douglas Engelbart's NLS computer system and the Aspen Movie Map, which was probably the first hypermedia system and an important precursor of virtual reality.

The Mansfield Amendment of 1973 expressly limited appropriations for defense research (through ARPA/DARPA) to projects with direct military application.
 
Some contend that the amendment devastated American science, since ARPA/DARPA was a major funding source for basic science projects of the time; the National Science Foundation never made up the difference as expected. But the resulting "brain drain" is also credited with boosting the development of the fledgling personal computer industry.
 
Many young computer scientists fled from the universities to startups and private research labs like Xerox PARC.

From 1976-1981, DARPA's major thrusts were dominated by air, land, sea, and space technology, such as follow-on forces attack with standoff weapons and associated Command, Control, and Communications; tactical armor and anti-armor programs; infrared sensing for space-based surveillance; high-energy laser technology for space-based missile defense; antisubmarine warfare; advanced cruise missiles; advanced aircraft; and defense applications of advanced computing.
 
These large-scale technological program demonstrations were joined by integrated circuit research, which resulted in submicrometre electronic technology and electron devices that evolved into the Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Program and the Congressionally mandated charged particle beam program.
 
Many of the successful programs were transitioned to the Services, such as the foundation technologies in automatic target recognition, space based sensing, propulsion, and materials that were transferred to the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO), later known as the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO), now titled the Missile Defense Agency (MDA).

During the 1980s, the attention of the Agency was centered on information processing and aircraft-related programs, including the National Aerospace Plane (NASP) or Hypersonic Research Program. The Strategic Computing Program enabled DARPA to exploit advanced processing and networking technologies and to rebuild and strengthen relationships with universities after the Vietnam War.
 
In addition, DARPA began to pursue new concepts for small, lightweight satellites (LIGHTSAT) and directed new programs regarding defense manufacturing, submarine technology, and armor/anti-armor.

On October 28, 2009 the agency broke ground on a new facility in Arlington, Virginia a few miles from the Pentagon.[5]
 
 
Directors [6]
 
Name
Tenure
Roy W. Johnson
1958 – 1959
Austin W. Betts
1960 – 1961
Jack P. Ruina
1961 – 1963
Robert L. Sproull
1963 – 1965
Charles M. Herzfeld[7]
1965 – 1967
Eberhardt Rechtin
1967 – 1970
Steve J. Lukasik[8]
1970 – 1975
George H. Heilmeier
1975 – 1977
Robert R. Fossum
1977 – 1981
Robert S. Cooper
1981 – 1985
Robert C. Duncan
1985 – 1988
Ray S. Colladay
1988 – 1989
Craig I. Fields
1989 – 1990
Victor H. Reis
1990 – 1992
Gary L. Denman
1992 – 1995
Verne L. "Larry" Lynn
1995 – 1998
Fernando L. "Frank" Fernandez
1998 – 2001
Anthony J. Tether
2001 – 2009
Regina E. Dugan
2009 – present

 

Organization
 
Current program offices
DARPA has seven program offices, all of which report to the DARPA director.
The Adaptive Execution Office (AEO) mission is to conceive and execute novel technology and system developments that are adaptive both in end function and in the process by which they are developed and to improve the transition worthiness of DAPRA programs across the enterprise.[9] 
 
The Defense Sciences Office (DSO) vigorously pursues the most promising technologies within a broad spectrum of the science and engineering research communities and develops those technologies into important, radically new military capabilities.[10] 
 
The Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) focuses on inventing the networking, computing, and software technologies vital to ensuring DOD military superiority. 
 
The Microsystems Technology Office (MTO) mission focuses on the heterogeneous microchip-scale integration of electronics, photonics, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Their high risk/high payoff technology is aimed at solving the national level problems of protection from biological, chemical and information attack and to provide operational dominance for mobile distributed command and control, combined manned/unmanned warfare, and dynamic, adaptive military planning and execution. 
 
The Strategic Technology Office (STO) mission is to focus on technologies that have a global theater-wide impact and that involve multiple Services.[11] 
 
The Tactical Technology Office (TTO) engages in high-risk, high-payoff advanced military research, emphasizing the "system" and "subsystem" approach to the development of aeronautic, space, and land systems as well as embedded processors and control systems. This research includes an effort within the TTO to develop a small satellite launch vehicle.[12] This vehicle is under development by AirLaunch LLC.[13] This is part of the Force Application and Launch from Continental United States (FALCON) effort. 
 
The Transformational Convergence Technology Office (TCTO) mission is to advance new crosscutting capabilities derived from a broad range of emerging technological and social trends, particularly in areas related to computing and computing-reliant subareas of the life sciences, social sciences, manufacturing, and commerce.[14]

Former offices
Information Awareness Office - 2002-2003
 
The Advanced Technology Office (ATO) researched, demonstrated, and developed high payoff projects in maritime, communications, special operations, command and control, and information assurance and survivability mission areas.
 
The Special Projects Office (SPO) researched, developed, demonstrated, and transitioned technologies focused on addressing present and emerging national challenges. SPO investments ranged from the development of enabling technologies to the demonstration of large prototype systems.
 
SPO developed technologies to counter the emerging threat of underground facilities used for purposes ranging from command-and-control, to weapons storage and staging, to the manufacture of weapons of mass destruction.
 
SPO developed significantly more cost-effective ways to counter proliferated, inexpensive cruise missiles, UAVs, and other platforms used for weapon delivery, jamming, and surveillance.
 
SPO invested in novel space technologies across the spectrum of space control applications including rapid access, space situational awareness, counterspace, and persistent tactical grade sensing approaches including extremely large space apertures and structures.


Projects

Active Projects
Boeing X-37
Boomerang (mobile shooter detection system)
CALO or "Cognitive Assistant that Learns and Organizes" - software
Combat Zones That See
DARPA Network Challenge
DARPA XG
FALCON
High Energy Liquid Laser Area Defense System
High Productivity Computing Systems
Northrop Grumman Switchblade
Protein Design Processes
Remote-controlled insects [15]
System F6 - Fractionated Spacecraft demonstrator
XOS
WolfPack [16]

 
Past Projects
Project AGILE
ARPANET, the predecessor of the Internet
Aspen Movie Map
Boeing X-45
CPOF
DAML
DARPA Grand Challenge - driverless car competition
DEFENDER
High Performance Knowledge Bases
HISSS
Hypersonic Research Program
I3 (Intelligent Integration of Information),[17] supported the Digital Library research effort through NSF
Project MAC
MQ-1 Predator
Multics
NLS Computer System
Onion routing
Passive radar
Policy Analysis Market
POSSE
Rapid Knowledge Formation
Sea Shadow
Strategic Computing Program
SURAN
Project Vela
 


Notable fiction

ARPA/DARPA is well known as a high-tech government agency, and as such has many appearances in popular fiction.
 
Appearances can be classed into three forms. The first are more or less realistic references. Second are references that incorrectly attribute to ARPA an operational or political role, in addition to its high-tech responsibilities. Finally are those that want a realistic government reference, but are not DARPA specific - any other agency would do as well. These are numerous and not particularly notable.

Some realistic references to ARPA in fiction are in Tom Swift and the Visitor from Planet X (DARPA consults on a technical threat)[18], in episodes of television program The West Wing (the ARPA-DARPA distinction), and in the motion picture Executive Decision (use of a one-of-a-kind experimental prototype in an emergency).

Non-realistic references often attribute to DARPA an operational or political role, in addition to its real high-tech responsibilities.
 
Examples are the Matthew Reilly books Temple and Hell Island, the James Rollins' books Sandstorm and Black Order, and the video game series Metal Gear Solid. 

 
 
References
1. Darpa.mil
2. "50 years of Bridging the Gap"
3. John Chambers, ed., The Oxford Companion to American Military History (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999) p. 791.
4. Statement by Dr. Tony Tether (Director of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) to Subcommittee on Terrorism, Unconventional Threats and Capabilities (House Armed Services Committee - United States House of Representatives) on March 13, 2008 section DARPA as a model in which he says this is content he agrees with that he is repeating from “Power Play,” W. B. Bonvillian, The American Interest, Volume II, p 39 (November-December 2006).
5. Washington Times, "Pentagon Agency Breaks Ground", October 29, 2009.
6. Mollet, C. (2009-02-20). "DARPA Directors, 1958 – 2008". DARPA. http://www.darpa.mil/Docs/DARPA_Directors_200807171322095.pdf.
7. Oral history interview with Charles Herzfeld Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Herzfeld discusses programs in and administration of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
8. Oral history interview with Stephen Lukasik. Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Lukasik discusses his tenure at the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), the development of computer networks and the ARPANET.
9. http://www.darpa.mil/offices.html DARPA Offices.
10. DSO Official homepage
11. http://www.darpa.mil/offices.html DARPA Offices. 
12. "Falcon". DARPA. 2008. http://www.darpa.mil/tto/programs/Falcon.htm. 
13. "Airlaunchllc News". Airlaunch. http://www.airlaunchllc.com/News.htm. 
14. http://www.darpa.mil/offices.html DARPA Offices. 
15. http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17895-freeflying-cyborg-insects-steered-from-a-distance.html
16. http://www.darpa.mil/STO/strategic/wolfpack.html
17. Carnegie-Mellon University
18. Victor Appleton II, 1961. Tom Swift and the Visitor from Planet X, originally published by Grosset & Dunlap of New York, now re-published by Project Gutenberg. ARPA is referred to on page 68 published 1961

Part 2 of 2 ...

The TRANSIT program proved to be an example of the benefit of having an R&D organization like ARPA outside of the services; a benefit that the DoD has reaped time and time again since the founding of ARPA. In the TRANSIT example, because the DoD responsibility for space programs lay outside of the Navy in 1958, APL brought the proposal to ARPA, where in October 1958 it was quickly approved and funded for all the pieces of a demonstration system including the construction of a demonstration satellite, tracking/orbit update stations, launch systems, and the development of ground navigation equipment/receivers. . Within just months of the Sputnik launch, APL had been able to fully develop the concept for the proposed satellite navigation system. The benefits of this solution, especially for submarines, as compared to other forms of navigation were overwhelming. The polar orbits of the satellites allowed worldwide coverage of the system, Since the measurements of angles or directions are not required, simple omni-directional antennas can be used (very useful on a pitching ship and with a submarine that only has to expose a small antenna at appropriate times). As the method uses radio frequencies, the solution is all-weather. Now a submarine in the open ocean could in any conditions and with minimal exposure, determine its location worldwide within 200 m. Almost by accident, APL had found the solution to the problem of determining missile launch coordinates on a moving platform.
The first successful TRANSIT launch was in April 1960 (TRANSIT 1B), just 18 months after project approval and demonstrated the feasibility of satellite navigation. Just as other early ARPA programs, TRANSIT had secondary demonstration goals. The Able-Star second stage demonstrated for the first time an engine restart in space. Also, TRANSIT 1B tested the first magnetic torquer devise used for satellite attitude control and a solar attitude detector. Future versions of TRANSIT demonstrated for the first time gravity-gradient stabilization, allowing a directional antenna for transmitting its signal, greatly decreasing on-board power requirements. Another side benefit of the TRANSIT program was greatly improved scientific knowledge of the earth’s gravitational field through the large data set provided by the TRANSIT satellites and tracking stations. This geodesy knowledge was the fundamental limiting factor to position calculations as slight changes in the earth’s gravitational field would slightly alter the satellites orbit. By 1965, the gravity model had become sufficiently accurate to reduce the positional
22 a different operating principle than the current GPS navigation system
Authorized for Public Release. Distribution Unlimited.
accuracy of TRANSIT to less than 400 m, the requirement set for POLARIS. 23 By 1968, the TRANSIT system was declared fully operation by the Navy and had already begun to be used for civilian applications. The system remained in active service until 1996 when the current GPS system became fully operational.
VELA HOTEL
“Each of the Parties to this Treaty undertakes to prohibit, to prevent, and not to carry out any nuclear weapon test explosion, or any other nuclear explosion … in the atmosphere; beyond its limits, including outer space; or under water, including territorial waters or high seas” – Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963
During the second ever very large thermonuclear test at Bikini Atoll in March of 1954, poor prediction of the fallout pattern from such a large explosion led to the unintentional exposure of hundreds of Marshall Island natives to high, but non-lethal, levels of radiation. The ironically named Fortunate Dragon, a Japanese fishing boat, was in the area and also received very high doses of radiation which proved to be fatal for its captain. This “Bravo” nuclear fallout accident focused international attention on nuclear testing and spurred President Eisenhower to consider proposing a nuclear test ban as a solution to the fallout issue and possible slow down the arms race.24 By 1957, the issue had been given to the Presidential Science Advisory Committee (PSAC) to consider both the implications for a nuclear testing ban and methods in order to verify such a treaty. The latter effort was, in part25
In a continuation of presidentially directed programs, Eisenhower assigned ARPA in the summer of 1959 the task of developing the technologies necessary for the detection of nuclear tests, what would become Project VELA (Vela means watchman in Spanish). This program would examine technologies for detection space and atmospheric tests by satellites (VELA , undertaken by the High Altitude Detection panel (the Panofsky panel) of PSAC, which recommended that a satellite system be employed to detect atmospheric or space nuclear tests as part of a verification system for a possible nuclear test ban treaty.
23 Reed, p. 3-7
24 York, p. 117
25 Reed, 11-1. Separate panels were assigned to examine parts of the testing ban, such as underground (the Berkner Panel).
Authorized for Public Release. Distribution Unlimited.
HOTEL) or by ground-based system (VELA SIERRA) and for underground test by large seismic arrays (VELA UNIFORM).
By September, ARPA had already planned for the required launchers for VELA HOTEL and had assigned Los Alamos and Sandia the responsibility for designing the satellite system and execution of the effort to the Air Force. The goal of the program was to develop a satellite system that would be able to detect a minimum 10 kiloton nuclear explosion taking place on the surface of the Earth from as far away as 160 million kilometers. By 1963, the first of the satellites were ready for launch, and just in time. In April, 1963 the UK, US, and USSR signed the Limited Test Ban Treaty (banning atmospheric and space testing of nuclear weapons), which went into effect on October 10 of that year. Just 7 days later, the first pair (of six) of VELA satellites was launched on top of an Altas-Agena rocket and placed in 115,000 km circular orbit, beyond the outer Van Allen belt and nearly a quarter of the way to the moon - higher than any military satellite had been placed before. Spaced 180 degrees apart from each other and at an altitude that could examine a complete hemisphere, this first pair quickly established a verification method for the new treaty. It is noteworthy that the second pair of VELA satellites detected the Chinese Lop Nor test in 1964, quickly demonstrating their capability and utility.26
VELA 5 Satellite. A Presidential directed effort, the ARPA VELA HOTEL satellites, part of the larger VELA program, provided the United States with the means to detect atmospheric and space nuclear detonations, a key verification capability in support of the Limited Test Ban Treaty.
(downloaded form http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/vela5b/vela5b_5sm.gif )
26 Magnuson, S., “History of DARPA in Space”, 50 Years of Bridging the Gap, 2008, p. 114
Authorized for Public Release. Distribution Unlimited.
Under the ARPA program, 6 pairs of VELA satellites were eventually placed into orbit from 1963 through 1970. The first two pair included neutron and gamma ray detectors, designed by Los Alamos and Sandia to measure the characteristics of a nuclear explosion in space. As has been true of many ARPA programs throughout its history, science and equipment that has first been developed and tested for military purposes has the unintended consequence of vastly improving or creating a new area of science. In the case of the VELA HOTEL satellites, the gamma ray detectors that were developed to detect a nuclear test in space kick started the field of gamma ray astronomy,
27 key in the identification of supernovae and measurements of the early universe just after the Big Bang. On the third pair of spacecraft, launched in 1965, an optical instrument, called a bhangmeter, was added to provide a separate modality to identifying and verifying atmospheric tests. The bhangmeter, developed by Los Alamos for this purpose, measured the double flash signature that is characteristic of an atmospheric nuclear detonation. The utility of the bhangmeter in the third pair was limited by the satellite’s spin stabilization. But by 1967, the fourth pair was gravity gradient stabilized (earth-oriented), which greatly improved their capability. The last two pair (1970) also included an electromagnetic pulse detector, even further increasing the data sets necessary to reduce false positives.28
The VELA program was completely transferred to the Air Force in 1970 after the launch of the last pair. Since July 1983, the GPS satellite network has carried the nuclear test detection equipment, including X-ray, bhangmeter, and EMP detectors, and in September 1984, the VELA satellites were shut down
29. However, during the time that the VELA HOTEL satellites were operational, it is believed they did not miss a single nuclear event that they were in a position to observe, providing the verification capability necessary to support the Limited Test Ban Treaty.30 Even more importantly, the known capability of the US to detect atmospheric nuclear tests, and through the VELA UNIFORM program underground tests, has been a disincentive to aspiring nuclear powers to attempt to test nuclear weapons in secrecy.
ARPA’s Role in Launch Vehicle Development
27 York, p. 220
28 Reed, 11-6
29 Reed, 11-7
30 Argo, Harold, “Satellite Verification of Arms Control Agreements”, Arms Control Verification, Pergamon Press, 1985, p. 292
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In June 1958, the National Security Council invited ARPA to present its plans for developing launch vehicles. ARPA still had complete control over the US space program, but plans had already begun for a civilian agency, NASA, to take over the civilian aspect of the program. However, in that meeting, ARPA personnel set the ground work for the much of the launch architecture that would be used by NASA in reaching the moon and exploring the other planets – the use of clusters of engines for large launch vehicles (used in the Saturn series) and hydrogen-oxygen upper stages (Centaur)
31.
Centaur
“CENTAUR was “the” rocket by which NASA would conduct extensive earth orbit missions, lunar investigations, and planetary studies. Aside from military missions assigned to CENTAUR, which were to be considerable, NASA planned to launch one operational CENTAUR every month for a period extending well into the 1970’s and beyond.”32
The advantages of using LH2/LOX as a rocket propellant had been recognized even by early rocket pioneers. However, working with and designing for cryogenic liquids could not be adequately overcome – producing, handling, and storing LH2/LOX on the rocket proved to be too difficult for the engineering solutions of the time. During the early 1950’s, though, the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) had produced major advances in large-scale hydrogen generators and storage systems for its work in thermonuclear devices33
Before ARPA’s creation, Convair had proposed to the Air Force that it develop a LH2 upper stage for its Altas booster using the same thin-skinned, pressurized structure technology. Pratt & Whitney was also proposing using its experience in LH2 propulsion to develop an upper . Additionally, during the mid-1950’s, the Air Force, under contract to Lockheed, was pursuing a supersonic surveillance aircraft, SUNTAN, using LH2 as its fuel. Pratt & Whitney was subcontracted to Lockheed as the propulsion lead, and successfully demonstrated that LH2 could be used in a turbojet engine. The new found industrial capability to produce, handle and utilizing in a propulsive device re-energized the interest in LH2/LOX as a solution to high-energy launch systems.
31 Sloop, J., “Liquid Hydrogen as a Propulsion Fuel”, NASA SP 4404, NASA historical series, 1978, p. 223
32 “History of CENTAUR”, NASA Lewis Research Center, undated, p. 2
33 Reed, p. 4-2
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stage. ARPA combined the proposals and in August, 1958 funded through the Air Force a joint Convair-Pratt effort to develop a LH2/LOX upper stage for the Atlas booster, the Centaur.
Although the program was quickly transferred to NASA in October, 1958, the Centaur was already on a path for success. The program was the first to demonstrate the cooling of the nozzle with cryogenic fuel, the pumping and control of these fuels in zero gravity, and that thin-skinned metal structures could survive cryogenic embitterment. Also, as Centaur was intended as an upper stage, the program demonstrated engine restart and precision navigation, both necessary to achieve accurate orbits. All of these advances would be used in later launch systems, including the Saturn family and the Space Shuttle. The final version of Centaur has an operational proven Isp of over 444 sec (the Atlas booster, which uses RP-1 as fuel, achieves approximately 353 sec), underlining the vision of the ARPA judgment in LH2/LOX technology and its teaming of Convair and Pratt. When mated to and Atlas booster, the Centaur is capable of placing 4 tons in LEO, 2 tons in GEO, and 1 ton to escape velocity34. As stated by a Glenn Research Center history, Centaur is simply “America's Workhorse in Space”35.
The Atlas Centaur launch system. ARPA funded the development of the LH2/LOX Centaur upper stage, as a high performance stage necessary to lift heavy payloads. Combined with the Atlas and Titan boosters, Centaur was the upper stage for launches of probes to Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Centaur continues to serve as the Untied States’ most powerful upper stage.
(downloaded from http://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/gallery/atlas/AtlasCentaur.jpg )
34 Reed, 4-5
35 http://www.nasa.gov/centers/glenn/about/history/centaur.html, downloaded 6/8/08
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Saturn
“But why, some say, the moon? Why choose this as our goal? And they may well ask why climb the highest mountain? Why, 35 years ago, fly the Atlantic? Why does Rice play Texas? We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win.” President John F. Kennedy, Rice University, 1962
Although President Kennedy provided the vision and drive behind the space program, and the moon shot in particular, to the nation as a whole, it was decisions and a time-saving suggestion that were made during that short period that ARPA controlled the US space program that jumpstarted the US booster program to be in a position to meet the challenge. Von Braun’s group at ABMA had been working on a concept for a large booster since early 1957 – work that received a big push after the launch of Sputnik. Their concept, a major feature of ABMA’s “National Integrated Missile and Space Development Program”, proposed to speed the development of a large booster by ganging a cluster of existing missiles together and using a to-be-developed Rocketdyne E-1 engine burning RP-1/LOX. After being given the space mission at its formation in February 1958, ARPA pickup up on the concept and made a critical suggestion, recommending substituting eight existing Thor/Jupiter S-3D engines for the still-to-be-developed E-1, saving $60 million and two years in development time. With this change, ARPA provided funding of $92.5 million in August of 1958 to get the Juno V (soon to be changed to SATURN) project started36
36 Reed, p. 5-2 . ARPA continued its funding support through ground testing and the study of launch facilities – right up until the booster development was transferred to NASA.
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Saturn 1b launching the Apollo 7 spacecraft. The Saturn family of launch systems was derived from the Juno (Jupiter-C) rocket developed by the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, funded by ARPA, and then transferred to NASA upon its creation.
(downloaded from http://exploration.grc.nasa.gov/education/rocket/gallery/atlas/Saturn1b.jpg )
The ARPA/ABMA first stage was successfully launched in October 1961 as part of the SATURN C-1 configuration. NASA used 10 SATURN C-1 launchers, which also included CENTAUR LH2/LOX engines on the second and third stage, to test APOLLO procedures and equipment. The follow-on SATURN B-1, which used the same first stage and CENTAUR engines for the third, was used to test APOLLO systems and engines and demonstrate docking maneuvers right through 1966 when the SATURN V test flight began37. Although the final SATURN V configuration differed from these early models, it was the early support of ARPA for the cluster concept, the suggestion of using existing engines during early development, and the technology demonstration of LH2/LOX engines in the CENTUAR program, that accelerated the US space program in its quest to beat President Kennedy’s deadline and land a man on the moon by the end of the 1960’s.
A New Mission
ARPA’s control of the US civil space program was short-lived. Formed in February 1958 to accelerate the US space effort, it would be nearly completely out of the business in the civil effort by November 1959. It was clear even during the creation of ARPA that President Eisenhower and Senate Majority Leader Johnson desired for a civilian agency to pursue the
37 Ibid, p. 5-6
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space race. Although it took a little longer to pass the Space Act legislation (the authority already existed for the Secretary of Defense to create a new defense agency), by July 1958 NASA had been formed and by fall most of the civilian space effort had been transfer from ARPA to the new agency, including the Saturn and Centaur rocket development and the TIROS weather satellite program.
There was pressure on the military space side as well. The services had never fully accepted that a separate agency was needed for the military space program and noted that even at its peak ARPA had returned 80 percent of its programs back to the Air Force to manage38
Just 21 months after its creation as the central space agency for the United States, most the ARPA portfolio of program, and much of its budget, had been transferred to other entities. It would have to find a new mission, not the last time a major portion of the agency would be split off to form a new agency. It should be noted that many of the efforts that ARPA handled during its short period of control of the US space program were concepts that were already in existence – ARPA established some order and the funding necessary. However, in losing existing, established technology programs to the services ARPA found its mission – to push the beyond the capabilities of today and bridge the gap to the future. . Defense Secretary McElroy saw the issue the same way and on September 18, 1959 made the Air Force the executive agent for space, transferring the communication and early warning satellite programs to it.
DARPA in Space: the 80’s and 90’s
Although the years in the twentieth century following the early 1960’s did not see frenetic space activity at DARPA, important programs and progress were non the less made. Significant DARPA space programs during the 1980’s included the Global Low Orbiting Message Relay (GLOMR), manufactured by Defense Systems Inc, now a part of Orbital Sciences Corporation. GLOMR was a store and forward system designed to relay data from remote earth based sensors. A small, basketball sized 52 kg polyhedron, it was originally to be launched from Shuttle mission STS-51B, but a battery issue forced a delay. It was eventually launched on mission STS-61A on October 30, 1985 and released into orbit 2 days later (this was the second use of the Shuttle “Get-Away-Special”,or GAS payload approach). It re-entered the earth’s atmosphere 14 months later. A noteworthy bit of data: the price tag on the satellite was a mere $1M – ushering in the idea of a “cheapsat”39
38 Magnuson, p. 112 . GLOMR was a “back to the future” program
39 Data from http://msl.jpl.nasa.gov/QuickLooks/glomrQL.html
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of sorts for DARPA, as it was the second store and forward relay satellite launched – SCORE being the first.
Significantly DARPA contributed to the development of what today may be considered the workhorses of small satellite launch – the Taurus and Pegasus launch vehicles built by Orbital Sciences. Both vehicles relied on similar solid rocket boosters. Taurus, a ground launched system was designed to be rapidly integrated and erected at a simply launch site. Pegasus was inspired by the idea that an air-launched system would provide enhanced flexibility as it steered clear of range impediments (in addition its performance was enhanced because of increased efficiencies at higher altitudes).
DARPA’s space activity in the 1980’s and 1990’s does appear at first glance to have been dwarfed by that which took place soon after Sputnik. But what is too overlooked is how other DARPA efforts in this time frame were integrated with newer space systems (with an ARPA/DARPA heritage) to provide unmatched advantage for the warfighter in the field during the last decade of the twentieth century. Satellite relayed UAV imagery, GPS guided munitions, and fully networked satellite communications for command and control are examples.
DARPA’s Space Mission Enters the Next Millenium
"If the US is to avoid a 'space Pearl Harbor,' it needs to take seriously the possibility of an attack on US space systems … The US is more dependent on space than any other nation. Yet the threat to the US and its allies in and from space does not command the attention it merits," Space Commission Report, 2001
Thanks in part to the effort of early ARPA satellite and rocket pioneers, by 2000 space played a vital and enabling role in the nation’s global military strategy and tactics, and just as importantly was paramount to the American economy and safety of its citizens. Global communications, GPS, accurate weather forecasting, and freedom through knowledge of the adversary were all now possible because of space technology. But, with this capability came vulnerability. Vulnerability not only in the form of catastrophic attack as made explicitly by the 2001 Space Commission, but vulnerability also in the form of technological surprise (like that of Sputnik) and the potential to fall behind in the technical supremacy needed to maintain a warfighting advantage. It was in this light that during his assignment to DARPA in mid-2001 that Dr. Anthony Tether was given the basic directive by then Secretary Donald Rumsfeld to get DARPA back into space (Rumsfeld of course headed the 2001 Space Commission which had published its findings early that year). Tether focused DARPA’s space activities into major focus areas, among them being Space Protection, Space Situational Awareness, and Access and Infrastructure.
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Two of the most dramatic programs that aimed to support the Access and Infrastructure domain are Falcon and Orbital Express. The Falcon program is “designed to vastly improve the U.S. capability to promptly reach orbit”40
No other DARPA program in the recent past may have more profound impact on the future of space access and infrastructure than Orbital Express. Orbital Express was conceived in the late 1990s as a demonstration of autonomous robotic servicing and refueling of spacecraft. The Hubble repair missions conducted by Space Shuttle crews have demonstrated the undeniable value of satellite servicing. As in the case of Hubble, too often spacecraft that have required enormous resources to build and launch fail within weeks of placement on orbit. Likewise, as technologies rapidly evolve in the post-information age, the ability to replace outdated sensors and computers onboard otherwise healthy satellites can bring increased utility to their users. Orbital Express was created with these thoughts in mind, but with the knowledge that human spaceflight repair missions – although very valuable – are very costly as well. By creating an autonomous capability for repair, costs could be vastly reduced and mission turnaround time could be decreased. When considering Orbital Express, its developers evaluated historical space programs and concluded that a key life limiting factor for many satellites is its store of propellant, used to provide for maneuvering and station-keeping. The amount of propellant available is limited by launch vehicle and spacecraft constraints on mass and volume. By allowing a means to refuel on-orbit, satellites' operational lifetimes could be increased, or they could be allowed to maneuver more frequently. Other life limiting elements include onboard batteries and computers, which can degrade (in the case of the former) or become obsolescent (in the case of the latter). . This activity includes development of new hypersonic test vehicles that could bridge the gap between space and the atmosphere inhabited by aircraft. Falcon also focused efforts to develop new low-cost launch vehicles, including the SpaceX Falcon 1 launch vehicle. The initial first two tests were sponsored by DARPA, with the second launch successfully getting to space and providing important data for continued develop of this vehicle that could potentially open new markets to space users.
40 2007 DARPA Strategic Plan
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In 2000, the Boeing Company's Phantom Works was awarded a contract to develop the Orbital Express system. Phantom Works designed and built the autonomous servicer, ASTRO (Autonomous Space Transfer and Robotic Orbiter), while the client (servicee) spacecraft, NextSat was built by Ball Aerospace. ASTRO, which weighed in at 1000 kg (carrying propellant both for itself and NextSat), used two optical cameras, a laser rangefinder, a NASA-designed laser ranging and client pose determination system, and an infrared camera for rendezvous, proximity operations, and docking of NextSat. The smaller 225 kg (dry) NextSat was fitted only with targets and retro-reflectors to assist ASTRO's sensors. A special docking mechanism allowed reliable mating of the two spacecraft, even at off-nominal docking angles. A fluid transfer mechanism was developed to pump or pressure-feed hydrazine propellant from one vehicle to the other. A purpose-built robotic arm allowed for the berthing of NextSat and the removal and replacement of modular flight computers and batteries.
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An in-orbit view of NextSat from ASTRO during DARPA’s Orbital Express Mission.Launch of the Orbital Express took place on 8 March 2007 from Cape Canaveral. Over the next 135 days, the mission conducted 14 refueling operations, demonstrated six battery transfers and a flight computer changeout, and performed seven discrete autonomous rendezvous and docking operations from separation distances of as much as 400 km. Each operation would begin with ASTRO and NextSat in the mated configuration. ASTRO would then fire its thrusters and retreat along a preset trajectory to a target separation distance, then return and dock.
With Orbital Express, DARPA offered a new way of thinking about the design and operation of future space systems: not only can serviceable satellites offer unmatched capabilities, they also provide decision makers and warfighters with the ability to change or modify these capabilities at any time in their lifecycle, as well as the ability to continue to perform the intended mission despite changes to the operating environment. These are the respective definitions of flexibility and robustness. Flexibility and robustness will be critical in a future filled with uncertain threats, uncertain technological development timeliness, uncertain budgets, and uncertain performance.
Closing Thoughts
It was a simple beep from Sputnik that surprised a nation and spurred the creation of a radically innovative agency called ARPA. Now DARPA, the legacy of the agency in space is incredible. The roots of vital communication, weather, sensing, and navigation spacecraft are found at DARPA. Today new roots are being planted that may yield yet again unparalleled space capabilities. The events of the future are difficult to predict. DARPA has no crystal ball. But DARPA will remain committed to preventing the United States from being surprised by the future. As in the past, DARPA in fact will continue to harness the genius of innovative people to create technologies that will change and indeed shape the future.

http://www.darpa.mil/Docs/DARPASpaceHistoryFinal.pdf

DARPA’s Space History

Dr. Owen Brown, DARPA Tactical Technology Office
LtCol Fred Kennedy, DARPA Tactical Technology Office
Dr. Wade Pulliam, DARPA Tactical Technology Office
Five decades ago, it was just a simple “beep-beep” that surprised the free world and especially the United States. That beeping came from a crude transmitter inside a 84 kg satellite circling the globe in low earth orbit. The radio signal, first heard from the sky on October 4, 1957 from Sputnik I, did not just signal the beginning of the space race between the United States and the Soviet Union, but also began a series of events that brought about the formation of DARPA, or the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. This agency, ARPA as it was know at its beginning1
Although DARPA has expanded its mission to one of preventing technological surprise in domains other than space, it has remained active in space technology development and demonstration to this day. In this short chapter, the history of DARPA’s beginnings will be told. DARPA’s space programs over the last 50 years ago will be summarized. As stated, many of these space programs were precursors to disruptive space capabilities familiar to us all. , is best known for its part in developing the internet and stealth technology, but it has a proud history in space technology, playing a key part in the development and demonstration of the space infrastructure, both military and civilian, that we know today. Although the United States was beaten to the punch in launching the first artificial satellite, ARPA had a hand in first demonstrating many of the practical applications of satellite technology now prevalent, including: communications, weather forecasting, early warning, reconnaissance, and geo-location. Additionally, ARPA provided the early leadership and funding for the launch systems that would later be used by NASA to win the space race by landing a man on the moon.
1 DARPA was known as ARPA, the Advanced Research Projects Agency, from its founding in 1958 until March of 1972 when its name was official changed to DARPA with the addition of Defense. The agency’s name reverted to ARPA between 1993 and 1996, at which time it again became known as DARPA. This chapter will use the name of the agency correct for the timeframe of the events being described.
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The Launch Heard Around the World
“The Defense establishment must therefore plan for a better integration of its defense resources, particularly with respect to the newer weapons now building and under development. These obviously require full coordination in their development, production, and use. Good organization can help assure this coordination. In recognition of the need for single control in some of out more advanced development projects, the Secretary of Defense has already decided to concentrate into one organization all the anti-missile and satellite technology undertaken within the Department of Defense” – President Dwight Eisenhower, 1958 State of the Union Address
The launch of Sputnik I in October of 1957 should not have been a complete shock to the United States, or the West as a whole, but once the small satellite was placed into orbit, the sense of surprise was undeniable. The Soviets successfully tested an ICBM in the summer of 1957 (although its claims were doubted in some circles) and had been announcing for months that they planned to launch an artificial satellite. In fact the Deputy Director of the CIA, Herbert Scoville, stated in an open meeting on October 4th, only hours before the actual launch, that the “Soviets could launch a satellite this month, this week, or even today”2. The military threat was clear; soon the Soviets would have the capability to deliver nuclear weapons by missile to the continental US using the R-7 launch vehicle that had orbited Sputnik. However, what may have been worse was the blow the launch had to the American psyche. The belief in “American ingenuity” and the technological and educational superiority of the West was put to the test.
2 York, Herbert, “Making Weapons, Talking Peace”, Basic Books, 1987, p. 101
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Sputnik 1. The Soviet launch of the world’s first artificial satellite on October 4, 1957 provided the impetus for many changes in scientific, educational, and military policy in the United States, including the formation of the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
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Publically, Eisenhower expressed confidence that the US program was not that far behind. Privately, Eisenhower placed part of the blame for America’s lagging space program on inter-service rivalries. Each service was pursuing a separate space program, which risked a lack of focused effort and a potential waste of resources. Just in the area of rockets, each service was developing its own system; the Army’s Jupiter-C, the Air Force’s Atlas, and the Navy’s Polaris. Additionally, each service had satellite programs that it was pursuing. In short, each service was in effect ignoring some of its established military responsibilities by funding programs in the area of space in order to capture the new mission.
When Sputnik I was quickly followed in November by Sputnik II, a 500 kg satellite, the public and congressional apprehension became fervor, as it now became even clearer that the Soviets had the capability to deliver nuclear weapons by ballistic missile, which further created consternation within the Eisenhower administration.
This concern was further heightened by the launch pad explosion of the first US satellite launch attempt, Vanguard3
3 The decision to proceed with the Naval Research Lab Vanguard program in 1955 resulted in the cancelation of a satellite launch by the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA), under the direction of Wernher von Braun; a system that in retrospect had a much higher probability of success given its direct lineage from the German V-2 program. In fact it was the proposed Jupiter-C rocket that was ultimately used to place the first US satellite into orbit, Explorer 1. Hughes, K., “Pioneering Efforts in Space”, US Army Missile Command Historical Office, 1990 , on December 6th. Branded Flopnik by the press, the failure of Vanguard and the success of the Sputnik launches seemed to indicate that not only were the Soviets ahead, but that the US might not be able to catch up. The political pressure on the administration, especially from Senator Lyndon Johnson, became overwhelming. Over the next year, large changes in public policy were enacted to respond to the perceived problems: the teaching of science and mathematics was promoted by the National Defense Education Act and the job of sorting out the military’s space program was given to a newly created organization, ARPA.
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Vanguard 1a. The failure on December 6, 1957 of the Vanguard launch by the US Navy, what became known in the press as Flopnik, created more concern within the United States that the nation was behind in the space race.
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The President announced the new agency January 9th, 1958 in his State of the Union address and it was made official on February 7th when Secretary of Defense Neil McElroy issued DOD Directive 5105.15 formally establishing ARPA and gave it the responsibility "for the direction or performance of such advanced projects in the field of research and development as the Secretary of Defense shall, from time to time, designate by individual project or by category." The immediate effect of this directive was the transfer of all military space projects to ARPA.
Explorer
It was not that the United States didn’t have a program to launch a satellite. As part of its commitments to the worldwide cooperative scientific program, called the International Geophysical Year (IGY), the US had decided in 1955 to pursue a satellite launch. Unlike the Soviets, the US was pursuing separate tracks for its rocket development: a military rocket program to develop ICBMs and the Vanguard program to develop a launch system for the IGY satellite experiment4
4 The US decided to pursue separate tracks for its launch systems for larger national security reasons. During this time the US was developing its reconnaissance satellites, but freedom of space overflight was not an established principle. It was hoped that a scientific payload tied to the IYG using a non-ICBM launch system could establish the precedent that overflight of a nation in . The failure of the first Vanguard launch provided an opportunity for
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Wernher von Braun, and his team at the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA), to take the shot that they were denied in 1955, when the decision was made to proceed with the Vanguard program, based on the Viking missile.5
On January 31st, 1958, Explorer 1 was placed into orbit – officially entering the United States into the space age. From one point of view, the launch of the 14 kg satellite did not even come close to demonstrating the heavy-lift capability that the Soviets launch systems did with Sputnik II. However, what was often overlooked was that instead of the simple beeping of Sputnik 1, Explorer 1 carried a 8 kg scientific payload design by James Van Allen of Iowa State University, which discovered the existence of a belt of charged particles trapped in the earth’s magnetic field. The discovery of the Van Allen belts was not only the most important outcome of the International Geophysical Year, it also clearly demonstrated the lead that the United States held in electronics and manufacturing technologies. Although the immediate military implication of being able to loft larger warheads understandably centered all the attention on the throw-weight lead of the Soviet systems, once the United States closed that gap, its lead in other technology areas allowed it to quickly demonstrate and take advantage of space systems to a much higher degree than the Soviets. Although this decision denied the US its shot to be first into space, the AMBA team was a ready back up and was quickly ordered to move ahead with a launch to attempt an orbit of a Jet Propulsion Lab built satellite, Explorer 1.
ARPA Demonstrates the Capabilities of Satellites
Provided with the impetus of presidential support and the feeling of national emergency, ARPA quickly began to sort out the United States space efforts and establish direction to what had been disjointed or overly ambitious efforts of the military services. The ideas and capabilities for many various space systems had been floated before often with proposals ready to be acted upon. However, these concepts had often languished without any focus or were wasting critical resources through duplication across the military services. ARPA spent the first seven months of its existence, during which it had decision making authority over the complete US space program (before the formation of NASA), sorting through these proposals and over-
orbit did not violate national airspace and that precedent could subsequently be used by the reconnaissance satellites. Ironically, the Soviets themselves provided that precedence with Sputnik. (Day, Logsdon, Latell, Eye in the Sky: The Story of the CORONA Spy Satellites, Smithsonian Institution Press, p. 120-125)
5 Hughes, K., “Pioneering Efforts in Space”, US Army Missile Command Historical Office, 1990
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lapping efforts to impose order to the overall space program and funding to those space concepts which might have the greatest military utility. Yet in just these short few months, ARPA set the United States not only on a path toward winning of the space race, but also the first demonstrations of many of the space capability that are well known today.
SCORE – The world’s first communication satellite
"This is the President of the United States speaking. Through the marvels of scientific advance, my voice is coming to you from a satellite traveling in outer space. My message is a simple one: Through this unique means l convey to you and all mankind, America's wish for peace on earth and good will toward men everywhere." - President Dwight Eisenhower, December 19, 1958
This Presidential message was one of the first examples of new space capability that ARPA was demonstrating during the first few years of its existence. SCORE, or Signal Communications Orbit Relay Equipment, was the world’s first communication satellite. As with many of ARPA’s early efforts in space, the first proposals for what would become SCORE had been pursued by the Signal Research and Development Laboratory (SRDL) at Fort Monmouth since 19556
In what would become a model for the agency of quick demonstrations of military capability, SRDL was given 60 days to assemble a demonstration communication satellite to be placed in low earth orbit on top of an Air Force Atlas ICBM. The objectives of the SCORE program were two fold: primarily, that the Atlas launch system could place a payload in orbit. This proposal was picked up in July 1958 soon after the creation of ARPA.
7, and secondarily, that a communication repeater8
6 Theoretical studies had been in the open literature from as early as 1952, notwithstanding even early suggestions in science fiction. Brown, The Army Communicator, Winter 1982, p. 60 installed on-board could be used to transmit messages worldwide. Because the Atlas could only reach low earth orbit and only a limited number of ground stations existed, the SCORE system did not operate like the “bent-pipe” geostationary communication satellites of today. Instead the SRDL payload included both a real-time communication repeater for some over the horizon relaying of messages and a store and forward system that allowed the demonstration of worldwide message delivery through
7 The early Atlas systems were an unusual configuration in which 2 of the 3 engines would be jettisoned, but a majority of the structure and fuel tanks would remain.
8 Martin, D., Anderson, P., Bartamain, L., “The History of Satellites”, Communication Satellites, The Aerospace Press, 5th Ed.
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uploading of coded messages onto an on-board tape recorder and download by the receiving station when the satellite came into view. It was this tape-delay system that was used to relay President Eisenhower’s message to ground stations across the globe. Although the project schedule soon slipped to 90 days due to delays in the Atlas production, the full system was ready by December, 1958, less than 5 months from project go-ahead.
The launch was a complete success. The Atlas placed 4000 kg into low earth orbit (the SCORE payload weighing 68 kg), clearly demonstrating the capabilities of the Air Force Atlas ICBM to place payloads into orbit9
As with the other projects it began, ARPA took an agile management role in the SCORE system development, with the Air Force being handed the responsibility for the Atlas, built by General Dynamics, and SRDL for the payload, built by RCA. This approach of maintaining low overhead was, and still is, a vital part of the success of the agency, especially during the early years when so many space systems were being developed and demonstrated. In what would become standard procedure, the agency concentrated on developing and fostering innovative concepts, as well as making key project funding decisions, while leaving the burden of facility and workforce maintenance, system development and production, and operations to industry, research labs, and the military services. At first this decision was made mostly for the bureaucratic reason of limiting the objections of the services at having their space programs transferred to ARPA. The communication payload also operated successfully, transmitting voice and teletype messages in both real-time and tape delayed mode 78 times during its 12 day lifetime. Through this experiment, the US had demonstrated more capability with launch systems and payload capability than the USSR had, passing the Russians just 14 months after the space race began.
10. In the long run, however, it has served the agency well in keeping it nimble, capable of changing directions quickly and able to manage many efforts rather than just a few.
9 The Atlas had previously been demonstrated as an ICBM in December, 1957
10 York, p. 139
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CORONA – The world’s first reconnaissance satellite
“And if nothing else had come out of it [the space program] except the knowledge that we’ve gained from space photography, it would be worth 10 times what the whole program has cost. Because tonight we know how many missiles the enemy has and, it turns out, our guesses were way off. We were doing things we didn’t need to do. We were building things we didn’t need to build. We were harboring fears we didn’t need to harbor. Because of satellites, I know how many missiles the enemy has.” – President Lyndon Johnson, 1967
No other space effort, either within or outside of ARPA’s history can say to have been more important to the national needs of the time than CORONA. During a time when the discussion in US national security circles was of the “bomber gap” and the “missile gap”, it was unclear where the US stood vis-à-vis the Soviet Union in the early stages of the Cold War and the fear was that the US was falling behind both militarily and scientifically. Even though it was clear that the US required a strategic reconnaissance system to gather necessary intelligence from the USSR, the correct system to pursue was not necessarily clear. During the late 1950’s, the United States operated the U-2 over Soviet airspace in an effort to gather that information. However, even as it was being built, Kelly Johnson (the U-2’s designer) knew that the U-2 was a stopgap measure, realizing that before long the Soviets would find a way to bring the aircraft down. Once the SA-2 was fielded in operationally significant numbers, the U-2’s days as a strategic reconnaissance asset against the Soviet Union were numbered, which was demonstrated clearly by the downing of Gary Powers.
During this time period the US was considering diversifying its strategic intelligence capability by developing reconnaissance satellites. This concept was first proposed in the Project Feed Back by RAND in 1954 and by 1956 the Air Force initiated a program dubbed WS-117L, also known as Janus. The system was centered on a complex photography system; calling for film to be processed onboard and then the images scanned and beamed down to ground stations. Although the system has positive attributes such as quick delivery of intelligence, a simple concept for data recovery, and a long mission time (as much as a year), these features led to stressing requirements on other components and on the system design itself.
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When ARPA was created in 1958, the Janus program was stuck in technology development delays, mostly caused by its overly ambitious requirements. Once the Janus program was transferred to ARPA management, it became three separate efforts: DISCOVERER, SENTRY, and MIDAS. It was hoped that by splitting and therefore focusing the effort, each would be able to more quickly make progress than they had as a unitary program.
The SENTRY Project, later called SAMOS, would continue to develop photographic reconnaissance systems utilizing radio-transmissions, and was immediately turned back over to the Air Force to run. In later years the developments of this program lead to the series of satellites that provide strategic reconnaissance for the United States today. MIDAS would develop infrared, wide-area missile warning satellites, an early precursor of the current DSP satellites.
The third program, DISCOVERER, would develop a reconnaissance satellite based on a film return system - what would become CORONA. The concept called for the mating of a Thor booster with an Agena second stage to put a satellite containing a small-grain film camera system in a polar orbit. After just 17-18 orbits, stabilized through the 3-axis orientation rocket system on the Agena, the film, protected in a re-entry pod, would be ejected from the satellite, re-enter the atmosphere, be decelerated and then recovered in mid-air by specially equipped aircraft. This system concept, although complex from an operational point of view, was judged more technologically feasible at the time than that of SENTRY. Given the high priority the strategic situation imposed on satellite reconnaissance, the CORONA effort was begun and initially funded by ARPA and then management of its development was handed over to the CIA (final operational control of the program was transferred to the Air Force, which then formed the National Reconnaissance Office around it).
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CORONA. The first picture taken over the Soviet landmass by the world’s first reconnaissance satellite, DISCOVERER XIV. The CORONA program was one of ARPA’s first efforts in space and produced in 30 months a vital asset for the United States, filling in the gap in strategic intelligence left by the downing of Gary Power’s U-2.
(Downloaded at http://www.nasm.si.edu/exhibitions/GAL114/SpaceRace/sec400/sec420.htm )
Although not successful until its 14th attempt11, just 30 months after program inception (and 18 months after the first launch), the CORONA program was a resounding success. DISCOVERER XIV returned over 3600 ft of film, covering 1.5 million square miles of the USSR (approximately 17% of the Soviet landmass) – more than had been collected over the Soviet Union during the entire U-2 program12. This first mission dramatically changed the strategic calculus for Washington, showing that instead of the Soviets having scores of ICBMs, they had approximately six13
11 August 19, 1960 - just 110 days after the loss of Gary Power’s U-2 marking the last U-2 flight over the USSR and coincidentally the day he was convicted of espionage by the Soviet Union , meaning that if there was a missile gap, in was in favor of the US. This information, and that which followed in subsequent missions, allowed the US to be more forceful in confrontations with Moscow and more circumspect in its own weapons programs, saving valuable resources. CORONA would remain the backbone of US strategic photographic intelligence into the 1970’s when it was finally superseded by satellites that could relay imagery electronically to the ground.
12 Taubman, Secret Empire: Eisenhower, the CIA, and Hidden Story of America’s Space Espionage, Simon &Schuster,, p. 322
13 Day, Logsdon, Latell, Eye in the Sky: The Story of the CORONA Spy Satellites, Smithsonian Institution Press, p. 25
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TIROS – The world’s first weather satellite
“The satellite that will turn its attention downward holds great promise for meteorology and the eventual improvement in weather forecasting. Present weather stations on land and sea can keep only about 10 percent of the atmosphere under surveillance. Two or three weather satellites could include a cloud inventory of the whole globe every few hours. From this inventory meteorologists believe they could spot large storms (including hurricanes) in their early stages and chart their direction of movement with much more accuracy. Other instruments on the satellites will measure for the first time how much solar energy is falling on the earth’s atmosphere and how much is refracted and reflected back into space by clouds, oceans, the continents, and by the great polar ice fields.” - “Introductions to Outer Space”, President’s Science Advisory Committee (PSAC), March 1958
Although incredibly successful, the CORONA system had one major drawback; the film return design meant that each mission had a limited lifetime, approximately 27 hours, in which the timing of the photography was preprogrammed so as to maximize the intelligence captured over the Soviet Union. A launch on the wrong day over Russia would provide just very expensive pictures of the tops of clouds. Out of this limitation grew an urgent requirement for a meteorological satellite system to assist in the operation of optical reconnaissance satellites; a need which was filled by the TIROS (Television Infrared Observation Satellite) program.14
The desire for a weather satellite actually dated back to the 1940’s and had been part of the IGY plans
15
14 Reed, S., Van Atta, R., Deitchman, S., “DARPA Technical Accomplishments: An Historical Review of Selected DARPA Projects”, Institute for Defense Analyses Paper, 1990, p. 2-1 . But it was in the shake out of the Air Force Janus program where TIROS was born. The technical means to take television pictures of necessary resolution for strategic reconnaissance and to transmit them back to earth was still years out when ARPA was handed the responsibility for the Janus program at its creation. ARPA staff realized that although the available television camera technology of 1958 provided insufficient resolution for targeting and surveillance missions within the allowed weight limit, it was completely adequate for the
15 Ibid, p. 2-2 – 2-3
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meteorological requirement. Therefore, in July 1958, ARPA redirected RCA
16, which had been working on the television surveillance system for Janus, to begin the development and construction of a demonstration weather satellite, TIROS I. The satellite was a spin-stabilized, pill-box design (see photograph) that included two television cameras-one low and one high resolution (550 lines per frame)-and was powered by 9,200 solar cells17 – the first major use of solar cells to power a satellite. By the time the TIROS project was handed to NASA in April 1959, the plans and funding for the payload construction, launch, and data analysis were already in place.
TIROS A (left). The first weather satellite program, TIROS, launched by NASA in 1960 (first picture on right from April 1, 1960), was started by ARPA. Improved weather predictions made capable by satellite data have vastly improved military planning and saved countless civilian lives through advanced warning of large storms.
(downloaded from http://history.nasa.gov/SP-168/p202a.jpg and http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Library/RemoteSensingAtmosphere/Images/first_tiros.jpg )
Launched a year later on April 1, 1960 on top of an Air Force Thor booster, TIROS I was an instant success. During its 78 day lifetime, it provided 19,389 pictures of cloud cover that were considered valuable (out of nearly 23,000 taken) and also some pictures of sea ice useful in ice reconnaissance18. Some of these first pictures showed features that were identified as large storms, immediately demonstrating the capability to assist in weather forecasting. While worldwide data without interruptions was not achieved until 1966, TIROS was immediately considered semi-operational19
16 Management of RCA’s contract was handed to the Army Signal Corps R&D lab . However, the legacy of the TIROS program is much larger than improved operational planning for reconnaissance satellites; it ushered in a new age of weather
17 Reed, p. 2-5
18 Widger, W., “Meteorological Satellites”, Holt, 1966, p. 136
19 Ashby, J., “A Preliminary History of the Evolution of the TIROS Weather Satellite System”, NASA, 1964, p. 10
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forecasting, both civilian and military. Not only was day-to-day forecasting improved, the ability to track major storms over the ocean was revolutionized, providing coastal communities and ships at sea the warning that they needed to save countless lives. Beside the development of the internet (and maybe satellite communications), few other ARPA programs have had such a profound impact on the entire world.
TRANSIT – The world’s first navigation satellite
“[T]he discovery of the longitude, the perpetual motion, the universal medicine, and many other great inventions brought to the utmost perfection.” - Doctor
Lemuel Gulliver when asked to imagine what he might be able to see if he were immortal.
Used in Gulliver’s Travels as synonymous with attempting the impossible, accurately locating position on the earth, especially on the open sea, has been an age old problem. The inaccuracies in indirect method of determining position, typically one or another version of dead-reckoning guidance, led ships of Swift’s time to miss their resupply ports, take inefficient routes, and cluster around known shipping lanes, making easy prey for piracy. In hopes of solving the problem, the British Parliament in 1714 passed the Longitude Act, which offered support and incentive awards to inventors who could devise a system for accurately determining longitude for the Royal Navy (latitude was determined through the use of a sextant). To administer these awards, the act set up the Board of Longitude, perhaps the world’s first research and development organization20
As with the TIROS satellite system, TRANSIT was born out of requirements of the strategic struggle between the US and USSR, but became a dual military-civilian asset. It would become the forerunner of the modern GPS constellation. In this case, the requirement was to provide accurate position data (within 0.1 nm) to Polaris-armed submarines during their patrols . Through support of the TRANSIT program, the world’s first navigation satellite, ARPA was able to bring to final conclusion what that first R&D organization could not, accurate geo-location on the open sea.
20 Sobel, Dava, “A Brief History of Navigation,” JPL Technical Digest, Vol 19, no. 1, 1998. Although disbursing more than ₤100,000, the prize was never fully paid off. The problem had been adequately solved for finding locations the size of ports by John Harrison who developed a more accurate, pendulum-free timepieces which could be used to calculated longitude given the calendar date
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so that launch trajectories could be quickly calculated day or night with enough precision to hit their targets.
21 With the accuracy that TRANSIT facilitated, the ballistic submarine leg of the US nuclear triad could with confidence hit the targets assigned to it. In a destabilized strategic environment underlined by the potential of a knock-out Soviet first strike, the acknowledged capability of the nearly invulnerable submarine force to hit targets through the Soviet Union provided all the deterrence the United States would need – clearly demonstrating the importance of the TRANSIT program among those programs begun in ARPA’s early years. But besides being a critical part of the US strategic system, TRANSIT provided position data to both military and civilian ships, oil rigs at seas and even land surveying, including those of the Defense Mapping Agency (now part of the National Geospatial Agency).
TRANSIT Satellite. The ARPA TRANSIT program was the first operational satellite positioning system which remained in operation until 1996 when the current GPS constellation became operational. Beside the general improvement in geo-location for military units, the TRANSIT satellite system was fundamental to the accuracy of the submarine-launched POLARIS missiles, and therefore a vital component in the United States’ nuclear deterrent during the Cold War.
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Interestingly, the idea for TRANSIT was another unintended consequence of the Sputnik I and its incessant beeping. Researchers at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Lab (which was part of the Navy’s system of research labs and was involved in the Polaris program) became fascinated with the Sputnik launch, as had most of the world. Their fascination led to efforts to determine its orbit from the Doppler shifts of the beeping. Once successful, it didn’t take long for them to realize that the problem could be inverted – that a location on earth could be calculated by knowledge of the orbit of a satellite, which could be updated from ground tracking stations once the satellite was in orbit, and the Doppler shift of a signal from that satellite,
21 Danchik, Robert J, "An Overview of Transit Development”, John Hopkins APL Technical Digest, Volume 19, Number 1, 1998.
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measured with a ground receiver/computer system
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